Increased high-frequency heart rate variability during insulin-induced hypoglycaemia in healthy humans

2004 ◽  
Vol 106 (6) ◽  
pp. 583-588 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hartmut SCHÄCHINGER ◽  
Johannes PORT ◽  
Stuart BRODY ◽  
Lilly LINDER ◽  
Frank H. WILHELM ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Concomitant Increase ◽  
Plasma Adrenaline ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Hyperinsulinaemic Clamp ◽  
Healthy Humans ◽  
Plasma Insulin Levels ◽  
Single Blind ◽  
Cardiac Autonomic Activity

Despite causing sympathetic activation, prolonged hypoglycaemia produces little change in HR (heart rate) in healthy young adults. One explanation could be concurrent parasympathetic activation, resulting in unchanged net effects of autonomic influences. In the present study, hypoglycaemic (2.7 mmol/l) and normoglycaemic (4.7 mmol/l) hyperinsulinaemic clamp studies were performed after normoglycaemic baseline clamp periods with 15 healthy volunteers (seven male; mean age, 27 years) on two occasions in a randomized single-blind cross-over design. Non-invasive indices of cardiac autonomic activity and hormones were measured at baseline and 1 h after the beginning of hypoglycaemia or control normoglycaemia. Plasma insulin levels and mean HR were similar during both conditions. During hypoglycaemia, there was a 485% increase in plasma adrenaline (epinephrine). A shortening of the pre-ejection period by 45% suggested strong sympathetic cardiac activation. High-frequency (0.15–0.45 Hz) HRV (HR variability) increased, indicating a concomitant increase in parasympathetic tone. Thus, during hypoglycaemia-induced sympathetic cardiac activation in healthy adults, parasympathetic mechanisms are involved in stabilizing mean HR.

scholarly journals Effects of COVID-19 lockdown on heart rate variability

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Bourdillon ◽  
Sasan Yazdani ◽  
Laurent Schmitt ◽  
Gregoire P Millet
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Standing Position ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
French Population ◽  
Health States ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Monitoring Well ◽  
Vas Score

Introduction: Strict lockdown rules were imposed to the French population from 17 March to 11 May 2020, which may result in limited possibilities of physical activity, modified psychological and health states. This report is focused on HRV parameters kinetics before, during and after this lockdown period. Methods: 95 participants were included in this study, who underwent regular orthostatic tests (a 5-minute supine followed by a 5-minute standing recording of heart rate (HR)) on a regular basis before, during and after the lockdown (BSL, CFN and RCV, respectively). HR, power in low- and high-frequency bands (LF, HF, respectively) and root mean square of the successive differences (RMSSD) were computed for each orthostatic test, and for each positions. Subjective well-being was assessed on a 0-10 visual analogic scale (VAS). Results: Out of the 95 participants, 19 (WB+) reported an improved well-being (i.e., increase >2 in VAS score) during CFN, contradictory to the 76 other participants (WB-). There was an increase in HR and a decrease in RMSSD when measured supine in CFN and RCV, compared to BSL in WB-, whilst opposite results were found in WB+ (i.e. decrease in HR and increase in RMSSD in CFN and RCV; increase in LF and HF in RCV). There was a moderate significant correlation between VAS and HR, RMSSD, HF, respectively, in the supine position; the higher the VAS score (i.e., subjective well-being), the higher the RMSSD and HF and the lower the HR. In standing position, HRV parameters were not modified during CFN. Conclusion: The strict COVID-19 lockdown likely had opposite effects on French population as 20% of participants improved parasympathetic activation (RMSSD, HF) and rated positively this period, whilst 80% showed altered responses and deteriorated well-being. The changes in HRV parameters during and after the lockdown period were in line with subjective well-being responses. These results confirmed the usefulness of HRV as a non-invasive means for monitoring well-being and health in the general population.

scholarly journals Toward an Embodied Medicine: A Portable Device with Programmable Interoceptive Stimulation for Heart Rate Variability Enhancement

Sensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 2469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniele Di Lernia ◽  
Pietro Cipresso ◽  
Elisa Pedroli ◽  
Giuseppe Riva
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Portable Device ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Band Power ◽  
Future Challenges ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Single Blind

In this paper, we describe and test a new portable device that is able to deliver tactile interoceptive stimulation. The device works by delivering precise interoceptive parasympathetic stimuli to C-tactile afferents connected to the lamina I spinothalamocortical system. In humans, interoceptive stimulation can be used to enhance heart rate variability (HRV). To test the effectiveness of the device in enhancing HRV, 13 subjects were randomly assigned in a single-blind between-subjects design either to the experimental condition or to the control condition. In the experimental condition, subjects received stimulation with the developed device; in the control condition subjects received stimulation with static non-interoceptive pressure. Subjects’ electrocardiograms (ECG) were recorded, with sampling at 1000 Hz for 5 min as a baseline, and then during the stimulations (11 min). Time domain analyses were performed to estimate the short-term vagally mediated component (rMSSD) of HRV. Results indicated that the experimental group showed enhanced rMSSD, compared to the control group. Moreover, frequency domain analyses indicated that high frequency band power, which reflects parasympathetic activity in humans, also appeared to be enhanced in the experimental group compared to control subjects. Conclusions and future challenges for an embodied perspective of rehabilitative medicine are discussed.

Use of opposing reflex stimuli and heart rate variability to examine the effects of lipophilic and hydrophilic β-blockers on human cardiac vagal control

1999 ◽  
Vol 97 (5) ◽  
pp. 585-593 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julian C. VAILE ◽  
Janine FLETCHER ◽  
Muzahim AL-ANI ◽  
Hamish F. ROSS ◽  
William A. LITTLER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Vagal Activity ◽  
Blocker Therapy ◽  
Healthy Humans ◽  
Trigeminal Stimulation ◽  
Β Blocker ◽  
Β Blockers

Evidence from animal studies suggests that β-blockers can act within the central nervous system to increase cardiac vagal motoneuron activity. We have attempted to determine whether such an effect is evident in healthy humans, by examining the effects of lipophilic and hydrophilic agents on heart rate variability and cardiac vagal reflexes. A total of 20 healthy volunteers took part in the study. Autonomic studies were performed after 72 h of treatment with placebo, atenolol or metoprolol in a blinded cross-over design. ECG recordings were taken at rest and during mental and orthostatic stress. Heart rate variability was measured in the time and frequency domains. The effects on heart rate of two opposing cardiac vagal reflexes were examined. Trigeminal stimulation causing vagal stimulation, and isometric forearm muscle contraction (‘muscle heart reflex’) causing vagal inhibition, were performed alone and simultaneously. At rest, during mental stress and during trigeminal stimulation, β-blocker therapy was associated with significantly increased high-frequency beat-to-beat heart rate variability when compared with placebo. There were no significant differences in effects on heart rate or heart rate variability between atenolol and metoprolol. Analysis of the muscle heart reflex, alone and with simultaneous trigeminal stimulation, showed that the magnitude of the R–R interval response was significantly greater after β-blocker therapy compared with placebo, but the effects of atenolol and metoprolol were equivalent. β-Blocker therapy increased cardiac vagal activity, as shown by measures of high-frequency heart rate variability and reflex studies. Lipophilic and hydrophilic β-blockers appeared to be equally efficacious in increasing the cardiac vagal modulation of heart rate.

scholarly journals PO-189 Cardiac autonomic recovery from an acute bout of cardio pulmonary exercise test

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Honggang Yin
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Exercise Test ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Ratings Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Acute Bout ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Cardiac Autonomic Activity

Objective  Heart rate variability (HRV) is a non-invasive clinical indicator of cardiovascular health, to date there has been little agreement on what HRV recovery following exercise. The present study aimed to evaluate the acute effects of cardio pulmonary exercise test (CPET) on cardiac autonomic activity in adolescent individuals. Methods Fifty-two healthy participants (Male=26, age: 20.31±1.49 years, height: 176±5.67 cm, body mass: 69.08±10.27 kg. Female=26, age: 20.62±0.98 years, height: 162.46±5.39 cm, body mass: 53.42±7.31 kg) underwent CEPT measurements of HRmax and VO2peak. Tests were performed on the Master Screen CPX model according to the Bruce protocol (JAEGER, Germany). Predicted peak heart rate was calculated as 220-age. HRV measurements were collected using the SphygmoCor device (AtCor Medical, Australia) at baseline, 5, 30 and 60 min after the CPET. Differences between groups were assessed using an independent t-test. The HRV variables were analyzed using a 2-factor [sex (male, female); time (Baseline, Post-5min, Post-30min, Post-60min)] repeated-measures ANOVA. Results  There were significant differences in VO2peak (51.09±4.41 vs. 37.59±3.62 ml min-1 kg-1) (P<0.05), RPE (ratings of perceived exertion)、RER (respiratory exchange ratio) were similar between groups (P>0.05). There were significant increases (P<0.01) in heart rate, markers of sympathetic activity (nLF) and sympathovagal balance (nLF/nHF) for 60 min after the CEPT trial, there were also significant decreases (P<0.01) in markers of vagal tone (RMMSD, nHF) for 60 min. There were no significant interactions between groups from rest to recovery from maximal exercise for any HRV variables. The overall change in ln LF/HF was of greater proportion in male participants(P<0.05) within 5 min. Conclusions  Our findings indicate that the change of autonomic recovery was difference between male and female within 5 min, and it takes longer than 60 min to recover following an acute bout of CPET trial.

scholarly journals Shoulder transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation decreases heart rate via potentiating vagal tone

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun-Ming Hsieh ◽  
Wan-Chen Lin ◽  
Hsien-Yu Peng ◽  
Huang-Chung Chen ◽  
Yu-Cheng Ho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Nerve Stimulation ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Vagal Tone ◽  
Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Frequency Spectra ◽  
Invasive Therapy ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Electric Nerve Stimulation

AbstractBy enhancing vagal activity, auricle transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation (TENS) is developed as a non-invasive therapy for heart failure. Nevertheless, though shoulder TENS used for treating adhesive capsulitis could affect vagal tone, its potential impact on heart functions remains unclear. In this study, electrocardiogram (ECG) and heart rate (HR) of subjects in response to sham, right-sided, or left-sided shoulder TENS (TENS-S, TENS-R, and TENS-L, respectively; 5 min) were recorded and analyzed. During the stimulation period, TENS-R constantly and TENS-L transiently decreased the HR of subjects; both TENS-R and TENS-L increased powers of the low- and high-frequency spectra. While TENS-R exhibiting no effect, TENS-L increased the ratio of low/high-frequency power spectrum indicating TENS-R decreased the HR through potentiating cardiac vagal tone. Collectively, these results suggest TENS could be an early and non-invasive therapy for heart failure patients before considering implant devices or devices are not feasible; moreover, therapists/physicians need to carefully monitor the potential adverse events during treatment for patient safety.Trial registration: The study protocol was registered in ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03982472; 11/06/2019).

scholarly journals Effects of COVID-19 lockdown on heart rate variability

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. e0242303
Author(s):  
Nicolas Bourdillon ◽  
Sasan Yazdani ◽  
Laurent Schmitt ◽  
Grégoire P. Millet
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Standing Position ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
French Population ◽  
Health States ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Vas Score

Introduction Strict lockdown rules were imposed to the French population from 17 March to 11 May 2020, which may result in limited possibilities of physical activity, modified psychological and health states. This report is focused on HRV parameters kinetics before, during and after this lockdown period. Methods 95 participants were included in this study (27 women, 68 men, 37 ± 11 years, 176 ± 8 cm, 71 ± 12 kg), who underwent regular orthostatic tests (a 5-minute supine followed by a 5-minute standing recording of heart rate (HR)) on a regular basis before (BSL), during (CFN) and after (RCV) the lockdown. HR, power in low- and high-frequency bands (LF, HF, respectively) and root mean square of the successive differences (RMSSD) were computed for each orthostatic test, and for each position. Subjective well-being was assessed on a 0–10 visual analogic scale (VAS). The participants were split in two groups, those who reported an improved well-being (WB+, increase >2 in VAS score) and those who did not (WB-) during CFN. Results Out of the 95 participants, 19 were classified WB+ and 76 WB-. There was an increase in HR and a decrease in RMSSD when measured supine in CFN and RCV, compared to BSL in WB-, whilst opposite results were found in WB+ (i.e. decrease in HR and increase in RMSSD in CFN and RCV; increase in LF and HF in RCV). When pooling data of the three phases, there were significant correlations between VAS and HR, RMSSD, HF, respectively, in the supine position; the higher the VAS score (i.e., subjective well-being), the higher the RMSSD and HF and the lower the HR. In standing position, HRV parameters were not modified during CFN but RMSSD was correlated to VAS. Conclusion Our results suggest that the strict COVID-19 lockdown likely had opposite effects on French population as 20% of participants improved parasympathetic activation (RMSSD, HF) and rated positively this period, whilst 80% showed altered responses and deteriorated well-being. The changes in HRV parameters during and after the lockdown period were in line with subjective well-being responses. The observed recordings may reflect a large variety of responses (anxiety, anticipatory stress, change on physical activity…) beyond the scope of the present study. However, these results confirmed the usefulness of HRV as a non-invasive means for monitoring well-being and health in this population.

The effect of age and gender on heart rate variability in healthy individuals

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Alyahya ◽  
A Fuller ◽  
N Okwose ◽  
S Charman ◽  
G Macgowan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Peak Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Age Group ◽  
High Frequency Power ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Frequency Power

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: None. Objective Cardiovascular autonomic function, represented by heart rate variability (HRV) is a simple, non-invasive measure used to determine alteration of sympathetic and parasympathetic control. The aim of the present study was firstly to evaluate the effect of age and gender on HRV measures, and secondly to determine the relationship between measures of HRV and functional capacity in healthy individuals Methods This was a retrospective, single centre, cross-sectional, observational study. Data were collected between January 2018 and July 2019. Sixty-eight healthy participants (age range: 19-78 years) were stratified according to age into the younger age group (&lt;40 years of age, N = 43, males, N = 26; females, N = 17) or the older age group (&gt;55 years of age, N = 25, males, N = 14; females, N = 11). Frequency domain HRV measures (i.e. absolute and normalised low frequency power (LF), high frequency power HF and their ration i.e. LF/HF ratio) were derived from RR interval and recorded at rest (supine position) for 30 minutes. Simultaneous non-invasive gas-exchange and central haemodynamic measurements (bioimpedance) were collected at rest and during maximal graded cardiopulmonary exercise stress test using semi-recumbent cycle ergometer. Results The mean age of the younger group was 26 ± 6 years and older 64 ± 6 years. Cardiorespiratory fitness (i.e. peak oxygen consumption) was significantly reduced in older compared to younger age group (1.60 ± 0.57 vs. 2.38 ± 0.74 L/min, p &lt; 0.01). The mean absolute values of HF power declined with age in males by 32% (younger, 1156 ± 806 ms2 vs. older, 835 ± 488 ms2, p = 0.18), but not in females 3% difference (younger, 1182 ± 958 ms2 vs older, 1150 ± 843 ms2, p= 0.92). There was no significant difference in HF power between males and females in the younger age group (young male, 1156 ± 806 ms2  vs. young female, 1182 ± 958ms2, p = 0.92), but older males demonstrated 32% lower HF power than older females (835 ± 488 ms2 vs. 1150 ± 843 ms2, p= 0.25). Further analyses revealed no significant relationship between measures of heart rate variability and functional capacity i.e. the HF power was not significantly related to peak oxygen consumption in males (r= - 0.15, p= 0.36) or females (r= 0.05, p = 0.80). Conclusions High frequency power of the heart rate variability declines with age more in men but not women. Gender difference in high frequency power is apparent in older but not younger age, with older women showing nearly one third higher HF than older men. Measures of heart rate variability do not predict cardiorespiratory fitness

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