scholarly journals Complete Elimination of Peripheral Auditory Input Before Onset of Hearing Causes Long-Lasting Impaired Social Memory in Mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Guo ◽  
Yang Li ◽  
Jiao Liu ◽  
Shusheng Gong ◽  
Ke Liu
Keyword(s):  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Social Memory ◽  
Declarative Memory ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Auditory Input ◽  
Communication Difficulties ◽  
Significant Impairment ◽  
Brainstem Response ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
The Relationship

Hearing is one of the most important senses needed for survival, and its loss is an independent risk factor for dementia. Hearing loss (HL) can lead to communication difficulties, social isolation, and cognitive dysfunction. The hippocampus is a critical brain region being greatly involved in the formation of learning and memory and is critical not only for declarative memory but also for social memory. However, until today, whether HL can affect learning and memory is poorly understood. This study aimed to identify the relationship between HL and hippocampal-associated cognitive function. Mice with complete auditory input elimination before the onset of hearing were used as the animal model. They were first examined via auditory brainstem response (ABR) to confirm hearing elimination, and behavior estimations were applied to detect social memory capacity. We found significant impairment of social memory in mice with HL compared with the controls (p < 0.05); however, no significant differences were seen in the tests of novel object recognition, Morris water maze (MWM), and locomotion in the open field (p > 0.05). Therefore, our study firstly demonstrates that hearing input is required for the formation of social memory, and hearing stimuli play an important role in the development of normal cognitive ability.

scholarly journals Auditory brainstem response demonstrates that reduced peripheral auditory input is associated with self-report of tinnitus

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naomi Bramhall ◽  
Garnett McMillan ◽  
Frederick Gallun ◽  
Dawn Konrad-Martin
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Auditory Brainstem Response ◽  
Otoacoustic Emissions ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Auditory Input ◽  
Distortion Product ◽  
Brainstem Response ◽  
Temporal Bones ◽  
The Relationship

Tinnitus is one of the predicted perceptual consequences of cochlear synaptopathy, a type of age-, noise-, or drug-induced auditory damage that has been demonstrated in animal models to cause homeostatic changes in central auditory gain. Although synaptopathy has been observed in human temporal bones, assessment of this condition in living humans is limited to indirect non-invasive measures such as the auditory brainstem response (ABR). In animal models, synaptopathy is associated with a reduction in ABR wave I amplitude at suprathreshold stimulus levels. Several human studies have explored the relationship between wave I amplitude and tinnitus, with conflicting results. This study investigates the hypothesis that reduced peripheral auditory input due to synaptic/neuronal loss is associated with tinnitus. ABR wave I amplitude data from 193 individuals (43 with tinnitus (22%), 150 without tinnitus (78%)), who participated in up to three out of four different studies, were included in a logistic regression analysis to estimate the relationship between wave I amplitude and tinnitus at a variety of stimulus levels and frequencies. Statistical adjustment for sex and distortion product otoacoustic emissions was included in the analysis. The results suggest that smaller ABR wave I amplitudes are associated with an increased probability of reporting tinnitus.

scholarly journals No Detectable Electroencephalographic Activity After Clinical Declaration of Death Among Tibetan Buddhist Meditators in Apparent Tukdam, a Putative Postmortem Meditation State

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dylan T. Lott ◽  
Tenzin Yeshi ◽  
N. Norchung ◽  
Sonam Dolma ◽  
Nyima Tsering ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Activity ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Tibetan Buddhist ◽  
University Of Wisconsin ◽  
Brainstem Response ◽  
The University ◽  
Electroencephalographic Activity ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Early Postmortem

Recent EEG studies on the early postmortem interval that suggest the persistence of electrophysiological coherence and connectivity in the brain of animals and humans reinforce the need for further investigation of the relationship between the brain’s activity and the dying process. Neuroscience is now in a position to empirically evaluate the extended process of dying and, more specifically, to investigate the possibility of brain activity following the cessation of cardiac and respiratory function. Under the direction of the Center for Healthy Minds at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, research was conducted in India on a postmortem meditative state cultivated by some Tibetan Buddhist practitioners in which decomposition is putatively delayed. For all healthy baseline (HB) and postmortem (PM) subjects presented here, we collected resting state electroencephalographic data, mismatch negativity (MMN), and auditory brainstem response (ABR). In this study, we present HB data to demonstrate the feasibility of a sparse electrode EEG configuration to capture well-defined ERP waveforms from living subjects under very challenging field conditions. While living subjects displayed well-defined MMN and ABR responses, no recognizable EEG waveforms were discernable in any of the tukdam cases.

scholarly journals Is undernutrition a risk factor for sensorineural hearing loss in early infancy?

2009 ◽  
Vol 103 (9) ◽  
pp. 1296-1301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bolajoko O. Olusanya
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing Loss ◽  
Otoacoustic Emissions ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing ◽  
Hearing Level ◽  
Visual Response ◽  
Brainstem Response ◽  
The Relationship

The present cross-sectional study set out to determine the nutritional status of infants aged 0–3 months with the WHO Multicentre Growth Reference (WHO-MGR) and examine the relationship between undernutrition and congenital or early-onset sensorineural hearing loss (CESHL) rarely reported for developing countries. The nutritional status of all infants attending community-based clinics for routine Bacille de Calmette-Guérin (BCG) immunisation from July 2005 to December 2006 was determined by weight-for-age, weight-for-length and BMI-for-age based on the WHO-MGR. Hearing loss status was determined by tympanometry, auditory brainstem response (ABR) and visual response audiometry after a two-stage screening with transient evoked otoacoustic emissions and automated ABR. The relationship between nutritional status and CESHL were explored after adjusting for potentially confounding maternal and infant characteristics using multivariable logistic regression analyses. Of the 3386 infants who completed the hearing evaluation protocol, seventy-one were confirmed with hearing loss (>30 dB hearing level). More than one-third (37·9 %) of all infants and over half (54·9 %) of those with CESHL were undernourished by at least one measure of growth. Stunting (35·3 %) was the most prevalent nutritional deficit in infants with CESHL. In the final logistic model, infants with any undernourished physical state were significantly likely to have CESHL (OR 1·67; 95 % CI 1·03, 2·77) and of a severe-to-profound degree (OR 3·92; 95 % CI 1·38, 11·17) compared with infants without any undernourishment. Prospective studies to establish the full spectrum of the relationship between undernutrition and CESHL, particularly in resource-poor countries, are therefore warranted.

scholarly journals Auditory brainstem response demonstrates that reduced peripheral auditory input is associated with self-report of tinnitus

2019 ◽  
Vol 146 (5) ◽  
pp. 3849-3862 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naomi F. Bramhall ◽  
Garnett P. McMillan ◽  
Frederick J. Gallun ◽  
Dawn Konrad-Martin
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Brainstem Response ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Auditory Input ◽  
Brainstem Response
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