scholarly journals Advanced Diagnostic Technology of Volatile Organic Compounds Real Time analysis Analysis From Exhaled Breath of Gastric Cancer Patients Using Proton-Transfer-Reaction Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoon Ju Jung ◽  
Ho Seok Seo ◽  
Ji Hyun Kim ◽  
Kyo Young Song ◽  
Cho Hyun Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Home Healthcare ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Exhaled Breath ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Volatile Organic

BackgroundScreening endoscopy is considered to be the most accurate tool for early detection of gastric cancer, but it is both invasive and costly. It is therefore essential to develop cost-effective and non-invasive diagnostic tools for gastric cancer. The aim of this study is to investigate the presence of certain volatile organic compounds (VOCs) associated with gastric cancer and to survey the usefulness of VOCs as screening tools of gastric cancer.MethodsThe present study was conducted prospectively to identify the relationship between gastric cancer and specific VOCs quantified by mass spectrometry. Exhaled breath samples from a total of 43 participants were analysed. This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the College of Medicine, Catholic University of Korea (KC16TISI0598), and registered to clinical research information service (KCT0004356).ResultsNine VOCs differed significantly between the control and cancer patient groups. When participants were divided into control, early gastric cancer (EGC), and advanced gastric cancer (AGC) groups, seven VOCs remained significantly different. Of these, four (propanal, aceticamide, isoprene and 1,3 propanediol) showed gradual increases as cancer advanced, from normal control to EGC to AGC. In receiver operating characteristic curves for these four VOCs, the area under the curve for gastric cancer prediction was highest (0.842) when more than two VOCs were present.ConclusionsThe present study offers potential directions for non-invasive gastric cancer screening, and may inspire advanced diagnostic technologies in the era of smart home healthcare. However, despite the high accuracy, cancer-specific VOCs from several studies on different populations, and analytic methods show inconsistency, it is necessary to establish standards for each analytical method, and to validate on each population.

scholarly journals Assessing the feasibility and acceptability of online measurements of exhaled volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in children with preschool wheeze: a pilot study

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. e001003
Author(s):  
Karl Holden ◽  
Misty Makinde ◽  
Michael Wilde ◽  
Matthew Richardson ◽  
Tim Coats ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Preschool Children ◽  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Breathing Patterns ◽  
Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Volatile Organic

BackgroundInvestigating airway inflammation and pathology in wheezy preschool children is both technically and ethically challenging. Identifying and validating non-invasive tests would be a huge clinical advance. Real-time analysis of exhaled volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in adults is established, however, the feasibility of this non-invasive method in young children remains undetermined.AimTo determine the feasibility and acceptability of obtaining breath samples from preschool children by means of real-time mass spectrometry analysis of exhaled VOCs.MethodsBreath samples from preschool children were collected and analysed in real time by proton transfer reaction–time of flight–mass spectrometry (PTR–TOF–MS) capturing unique breath profiles. Acetone (mass channel m/z 59) was used as a reference profile to investigate the breath cycle in more detail. Dynamic time warping (DTW) was used to compare VOC profiles from adult breath to those we obtained in preschool children.Results16 children were recruited in the study, of which eight had acute doctor-diagnosed wheeze (mean (range) age 3.2 (1.9–4.5) years) and eight had no history of wheezing (age 3.3 (2.2–4.1) years). Fully analysable samples were obtained in 11 (68%). DTW was used to ascertain the distance between the time series of mass channel m/z 59 (acetone) and the other 193 channels. Commonality of 12 channels (15, 31, 33, 41, 43, 51, 53, 55, 57, 60, 63 and 77) was established between adult and preschool child samples despite differences in the breathing patterns.ConclusionReal-time measurement of exhaled VOCs by means of PTR–MS is feasible and acceptable in preschool children. Commonality in VOC profiles was found between adult and preschool children.

Non-separative mass spectrometry methods for non-invasive medical diagnostics based on volatile organic compounds: A review

2019 ◽  
Vol 1045 ◽  
pp. 10-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana María Casas-Ferreira ◽  
Miguel del Nogal-Sánchez ◽  
José Luis Pérez-Pavón ◽  
Bernardo Moreno-Cordero
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Medical Diagnostics ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Volatile Organic

scholarly journals Exhaled volatile organic compounds as markers for medication use in asthma

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 1900544 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Brinkman ◽  
Waqar M. Ahmed ◽  
Cristina Gómez ◽  
Hugo H. Knobel ◽  
Hans Weda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
High Resolution Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Inhalation Technique ◽  
Therapeutic Drug ◽  
Exhaled Breath ◽  
Volatile Organic

IntroductionAsthma is a heterogeneous condition, characterised by chronic inflammation of the airways, typically managed with inhaled bronchodilators and corticosteroids. In the case of uncontrolled asthma, oral corticosteroids (OCSs) are often prescribed. Good adherence and inhalation technique are associated with improved outcomes; however, it is difficult to monitor appropriate drug intake and effectiveness in individual patients. Exhaled breath contains thousands of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that reflect changes in the body's chemistry and may be useful for monitoring drug pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics. We aimed to investigate the association of exhaled VOCs in severe asthma patients from the U-BIOPRED cohort (by gas chromatography coupled with time-of-flight mass spectrometry) with urinary levels of salbutamol and OCSs (by liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry).MethodsSamples were collected at baseline and after 12–18 months of follow-up. Statistical analysis was based on univariate and multivariate modelling, followed by area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) calculation. Results were verified through longitudinal replication and independent validation.ResultsData were available for 78 patients (baseline n=48, replication n=30 and validation n=30). Baseline AUC values were 82.1% (95% CI 70.4–93.9%) for salbutamol and 78.8% (95% CI 65.8–91.8%) for OCS. These outcomes could be adequately replicated and validated. Additional regression analysis between qualified exhaled VOCs and urinary concentrations of salbutamol and prednisone showed statistically significant correlations (p<0.01).ConclusionWe have linked exhaled VOCs to urinary detection of salbutamol and OCSs. This merits further development of breathomics into a point-of-care tool for therapeutic drug monitoring.

scholarly journals Volatile Organic Compounds in Exhaled Breath as Fingerprints of Lung Cancer, Asthma and COPD

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Ileana Andreea Ratiu ◽  
Tomasz Ligor ◽  
Victor Bocos-Bintintan ◽  
Chris A Mayhew ◽  
Bogusław Buszewski
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Exhaled Breath ◽  
Biological Origin ◽  
Analytical Instruments ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Volatile Organic

Lung cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma are inflammatory diseases that have risen worldwide, posing a major public health issue, encompassing not only physical and psychological morbidity and mortality, but also incurring significant societal costs. The leading cause of death worldwide by cancer is that of the lung, which, in large part, is a result of the disease often not being detected until a late stage. Although COPD and asthma are conditions with considerably lower mortality, they are extremely distressful to people and involve high healthcare overheads. Moreover, for these diseases, diagnostic methods are not only costly but are also invasive, thereby adding to people’s stress. It has been appreciated for many decades that the analysis of trace volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in exhaled breath could potentially provide cheaper, rapid, and non-invasive screening procedures to diagnose and monitor the above diseases of the lung. However, after decades of research associated with breath biomarker discovery, no breath VOC tests are clinically available. Reasons for this include the little consensus as to which breath volatiles (or pattern of volatiles) can be used to discriminate people with lung diseases, and our limited understanding of the biological origin of the identified VOCs. Lung disease diagnosis using breath VOCs is challenging. Nevertheless, the numerous studies of breath volatiles and lung disease provide guidance as to what volatiles need further investigation for use in differential diagnosis, highlight the urgent need for non-invasive clinical breath tests, illustrate the way forward for future studies, and provide significant guidance to achieve the goal of developing non-invasive diagnostic tests for lung disease. This review provides an overview of these issues from evaluating key studies that have been undertaken in the years 2010–2019, in order to present objective and comprehensive updated information that presents the progress that has been made in this field. The potential of this approach is highlighted, while strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats are discussed. This review will be of interest to chemists, biologists, medical doctors and researchers involved in the development of analytical instruments for breath diagnosis.

scholarly journals Recent Advances in Targeting Clinical Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Imadeddine Azzouz ◽  
Mohammad Sharif Khan ◽  
Andrew C. Bishop ◽  
Khaldoun Bachari
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Exhaled Breath ◽  
Analytical Technique ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Promising Tool ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Volatile Organic

This chapter introduces the significance of exploring volatile organic compounds (VOC) in clinical samples. Because exhaled-breath is easy to collect, unlimited, and instruments are already commercially available, VOC analysis in exhaled breath seems to be a promising tool for non-invasive detection of many diseases including infections, respiratory diseases, and cancers. Here, we have focused on some appropriate technologies to extract, pre-concentrate, and evaluate VOC biomarkers in exhaled breath. The second part of this chapter discusses the comprehensive GC × GC in bio-VOCs analysis and illustrates the potential of using this analytical technique.

scholarly journals Diagnostic Application of Volatile Organic Compounds as Potential Biomarkers for Detecting Digestive Neoplasia: A Systematic Review

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2317
Author(s):  
Dima Augustin Catalin ◽  
Balaban Daniel Vasile ◽  
Dima Alina
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Exhaled Breath ◽  
Invasive Approach ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Thomson Reuters ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Potential Biomarkers

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are part of the exhaled breath that were proposed as non-invasive breath biomarkers via different human discharge products like saliva, breath, urine, blood, or tissues. Particularly, due to the non-invasive approach, VOCs were considered as potential biomarkers for non-invasive early cancer detection. We herein aimed to review the data over VOCs utility in digestive neoplasia as early diagnosis or monitoring biomarkers. A systematic literature search was done using MEDLINE via PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Thomson Reuters’ Web of Science Core Collection. We identified sixteen articles that were included in the final analysis. Based on the current knowledge, we cannot identify a single VOC as a specific non-invasive biomarker for digestive neoplasia. Several combinations of up to twelve VOCs seem promising for accurately detecting some neoplasia types. A combination of different VOCs breath expression are promising tools for digestive neoplasia screening.

scholarly journals Non-Volatile Organic Compounds in Exhaled Breath Particles Correspond to Active Tuberculosis

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dapeng Chen ◽  
Noella A. Bryden ◽  
Wayne A. Bryden ◽  
Michael McLoughlin ◽  
Dexter Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Active Tuberculosis ◽  
Exhaled Breath ◽  
Ranking Algorithm ◽  
Human Breath ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Healthy Participants

Abstract Human breath contains trace amounts of non-volatile organic compounds (NOCs) which might inform non-invasive methods for evaluation of individual health. In previous work, we demonstrated that lipids detected in exhaled breath aerosol (EBA) could be used as markers of active tuberculosis (TB). Here, we advanced our analytical platform in characterizing small metabolites and lipids in EBA samples collected from participants enrolled in clinical trials designed to identify molecular signatures of active TB. EBA samples from 26 participants with active TB and 73 healthy participants were processed using a dual-phase extraction method, and metabolites and lipids were identified via mass spectrometry (MS) database matching. In total, 13 metabolite and 9 lipid markers were identified with optimized relative standard deviation values that were statistically different between individuals diagnosed with active TB and the healthy controls. A feature ranking algorithm reduced this number to 10 molecules, with the membrane glycerophospholipid, phosphatidylinositol 24:4, emerging as top driver of segregation between the two groups. These results support the utility of this approach to identify consistent NOC signatures from EBA samples in active TB cases and suggest the potential to apply this method to other human diseases which alter respiratory NOC release.

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