scholarly journals Non-Volatile Organic Compounds in Exhaled Breath Particles Correspond to Active Tuberculosis

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dapeng Chen ◽  
Noella A. Bryden ◽  
Wayne A. Bryden ◽  
Michael McLoughlin ◽  
Dexter Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Active Tuberculosis ◽  
Exhaled Breath ◽  
Ranking Algorithm ◽  
Human Breath ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Healthy Participants

Abstract Human breath contains trace amounts of non-volatile organic compounds (NOCs) which might inform non-invasive methods for evaluation of individual health. In previous work, we demonstrated that lipids detected in exhaled breath aerosol (EBA) could be used as markers of active tuberculosis (TB). Here, we advanced our analytical platform in characterizing small metabolites and lipids in EBA samples collected from participants enrolled in clinical trials designed to identify molecular signatures of active TB. EBA samples from 26 participants with active TB and 73 healthy participants were processed using a dual-phase extraction method, and metabolites and lipids were identified via mass spectrometry (MS) database matching. In total, 13 metabolite and 9 lipid markers were identified with optimized relative standard deviation values that were statistically different between individuals diagnosed with active TB and the healthy controls. A feature ranking algorithm reduced this number to 10 molecules, with the membrane glycerophospholipid, phosphatidylinositol 24:4, emerging as top driver of segregation between the two groups. These results support the utility of this approach to identify consistent NOC signatures from EBA samples in active TB cases and suggest the potential to apply this method to other human diseases which alter respiratory NOC release.

scholarly journals Volatile Organic Compounds in Exhaled Breath as Fingerprints of Lung Cancer, Asthma and COPD

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Ileana Andreea Ratiu ◽  
Tomasz Ligor ◽  
Victor Bocos-Bintintan ◽  
Chris A Mayhew ◽  
Bogusław Buszewski
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Exhaled Breath ◽  
Biological Origin ◽  
Analytical Instruments ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Volatile Organic

Lung cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma are inflammatory diseases that have risen worldwide, posing a major public health issue, encompassing not only physical and psychological morbidity and mortality, but also incurring significant societal costs. The leading cause of death worldwide by cancer is that of the lung, which, in large part, is a result of the disease often not being detected until a late stage. Although COPD and asthma are conditions with considerably lower mortality, they are extremely distressful to people and involve high healthcare overheads. Moreover, for these diseases, diagnostic methods are not only costly but are also invasive, thereby adding to people’s stress. It has been appreciated for many decades that the analysis of trace volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in exhaled breath could potentially provide cheaper, rapid, and non-invasive screening procedures to diagnose and monitor the above diseases of the lung. However, after decades of research associated with breath biomarker discovery, no breath VOC tests are clinically available. Reasons for this include the little consensus as to which breath volatiles (or pattern of volatiles) can be used to discriminate people with lung diseases, and our limited understanding of the biological origin of the identified VOCs. Lung disease diagnosis using breath VOCs is challenging. Nevertheless, the numerous studies of breath volatiles and lung disease provide guidance as to what volatiles need further investigation for use in differential diagnosis, highlight the urgent need for non-invasive clinical breath tests, illustrate the way forward for future studies, and provide significant guidance to achieve the goal of developing non-invasive diagnostic tests for lung disease. This review provides an overview of these issues from evaluating key studies that have been undertaken in the years 2010–2019, in order to present objective and comprehensive updated information that presents the progress that has been made in this field. The potential of this approach is highlighted, while strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats are discussed. This review will be of interest to chemists, biologists, medical doctors and researchers involved in the development of analytical instruments for breath diagnosis.

scholarly journals Recent Advances in Targeting Clinical Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Imadeddine Azzouz ◽  
Mohammad Sharif Khan ◽  
Andrew C. Bishop ◽  
Khaldoun Bachari
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Exhaled Breath ◽  
Analytical Technique ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Promising Tool ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Volatile Organic

This chapter introduces the significance of exploring volatile organic compounds (VOC) in clinical samples. Because exhaled-breath is easy to collect, unlimited, and instruments are already commercially available, VOC analysis in exhaled breath seems to be a promising tool for non-invasive detection of many diseases including infections, respiratory diseases, and cancers. Here, we have focused on some appropriate technologies to extract, pre-concentrate, and evaluate VOC biomarkers in exhaled breath. The second part of this chapter discusses the comprehensive GC × GC in bio-VOCs analysis and illustrates the potential of using this analytical technique.

scholarly journals Diagnostic Application of Volatile Organic Compounds as Potential Biomarkers for Detecting Digestive Neoplasia: A Systematic Review

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2317
Author(s):  
Dima Augustin Catalin ◽  
Balaban Daniel Vasile ◽  
Dima Alina
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Exhaled Breath ◽  
Invasive Approach ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Thomson Reuters ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Potential Biomarkers

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are part of the exhaled breath that were proposed as non-invasive breath biomarkers via different human discharge products like saliva, breath, urine, blood, or tissues. Particularly, due to the non-invasive approach, VOCs were considered as potential biomarkers for non-invasive early cancer detection. We herein aimed to review the data over VOCs utility in digestive neoplasia as early diagnosis or monitoring biomarkers. A systematic literature search was done using MEDLINE via PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Thomson Reuters’ Web of Science Core Collection. We identified sixteen articles that were included in the final analysis. Based on the current knowledge, we cannot identify a single VOC as a specific non-invasive biomarker for digestive neoplasia. Several combinations of up to twelve VOCs seem promising for accurately detecting some neoplasia types. A combination of different VOCs breath expression are promising tools for digestive neoplasia screening.

scholarly journals Advanced Diagnostic Technology of Volatile Organic Compounds Real Time analysis Analysis From Exhaled Breath of Gastric Cancer Patients Using Proton-Transfer-Reaction Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoon Ju Jung ◽  
Ho Seok Seo ◽  
Ji Hyun Kim ◽  
Kyo Young Song ◽  
Cho Hyun Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Home Healthcare ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Exhaled Breath ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Volatile Organic

BackgroundScreening endoscopy is considered to be the most accurate tool for early detection of gastric cancer, but it is both invasive and costly. It is therefore essential to develop cost-effective and non-invasive diagnostic tools for gastric cancer. The aim of this study is to investigate the presence of certain volatile organic compounds (VOCs) associated with gastric cancer and to survey the usefulness of VOCs as screening tools of gastric cancer.MethodsThe present study was conducted prospectively to identify the relationship between gastric cancer and specific VOCs quantified by mass spectrometry. Exhaled breath samples from a total of 43 participants were analysed. This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the College of Medicine, Catholic University of Korea (KC16TISI0598), and registered to clinical research information service (KCT0004356).ResultsNine VOCs differed significantly between the control and cancer patient groups. When participants were divided into control, early gastric cancer (EGC), and advanced gastric cancer (AGC) groups, seven VOCs remained significantly different. Of these, four (propanal, aceticamide, isoprene and 1,3 propanediol) showed gradual increases as cancer advanced, from normal control to EGC to AGC. In receiver operating characteristic curves for these four VOCs, the area under the curve for gastric cancer prediction was highest (0.842) when more than two VOCs were present.ConclusionsThe present study offers potential directions for non-invasive gastric cancer screening, and may inspire advanced diagnostic technologies in the era of smart home healthcare. However, despite the high accuracy, cancer-specific VOCs from several studies on different populations, and analytic methods show inconsistency, it is necessary to establish standards for each analytical method, and to validate on each population.

Volatile Organic Compounds in Exhaled Breath of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis for Discrimination from Healthy Subjects

Lung ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 195 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-ichi Yamada ◽  
Gen Yamada ◽  
Mitsuo Otsuka ◽  
Hirotaka Nishikiori ◽  
Kimiyuki Ikeda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Exhaled Breath ◽  
Volatile Organic

scholarly journals Non-Invasive Method to Detect Infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis Complex in Wild Boar by Measurement of Volatile Organic Compounds Obtained from Feces with an Electronic Nose System

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 584
Author(s):  
Kelvin de Jesús Beleño-Sáenz ◽  
Juan Martín Cáceres-Tarazona ◽  
Pauline Nol ◽  
Aylen Lisset Jaimes-Mogollón ◽  
Oscar Eduardo Gualdrón-Guerrero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Wild Boar ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Electronic Nose ◽  
Bovine Tuberculosis ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Testing Phase ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Electronic Nose System

More effective methods to detect bovine tuberculosis, caused by Mycobacterium bovis, in wildlife, is of paramount importance for preventing disease spread to other wild animals, livestock, and human beings. In this study, we analyzed the volatile organic compounds emitted by fecal samples collected from free-ranging wild boar captured in Doñana National Park, Spain, with an electronic nose system based on organically-functionalized gold nanoparticles. The animals were separated by the age group for performing the analysis. Adult (>24 months) and sub-adult (12–24 months) animals were anesthetized before sample collection, whereas the juvenile (<12 months) animals were manually restrained while collecting the sample. Good accuracy was obtained for the adult and sub-adult classification models: 100% during the training phase and 88.9% during the testing phase for the adult animals, and 100% during both the training and testing phase for the sub-adult animals, respectively. The results obtained could be important for the further development of a non-invasive and less expensive detection method of bovine tuberculosis in wildlife populations.

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