Improving Ablation Safety for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Proximal to the Hilar Bile Ducts by Ultrasound-MR Fusion Imaging: A Preliminary Comparative Study

AimTo explore whether ablation safety could be improved by ultrasound (US)-magnetic resonance (MR) fusion imaging for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) proximal to the hilar bile ducts (HBDs) through a preliminary comparative study.MethodsBetween January 2014 and June 2019, 18 HCC nodules proximal to the HBDs were included in a US-MR fusion imaging-assisted radiofrequency ablation (RFA) group (study group), while 13 HCC nodules in a similar location were included as a control group. For the study group, the tumor and adjacent bile ducts were outlined on preprocedural MR images. Procedural ablation planning was conducted to assess the feasibility of ablating the tumors while avoiding biliary injury. Such tumors were then ablated under US-MR fusion imaging guidance. The control group nodules were ablated under conventional ultrasound guidance. Baseline characteristics and outcomes were compared between the groups.ResultsAfter preprocedural assessment, 14 of 18 patients with tumors that were feasible to ablate underwent US-MR fusion imaging-assisted RFA. No biliary complications were observed in these 14 patients; the complication rate was significantly lower in the study group than in the control group (30.8%, 4/13) (P = 0.041). There was no significant difference in the technique efficacy rates [92.9% (13/14) versus 100% (13/13), P = 1] or local progression rates [7.1% (1/14) versus 7.7% (1/13), P = 1] between the study and control groups.ConclusionsUS-MR fusion imaging may be a non-invasive means for assisting RFA of HCC nodules proximal to the HBDs and ensuring ablation safety.

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Impression cytology and meibomian glands in conjunctivochalasis

European Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1177/11206721211008789 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 112067212110087

Author(s):

Ersin Muhafiz ◽

Erdinç Bozkurt ◽

Remzi Erten

Keyword(s):

Dropout Rate ◽

Meibomian Gland ◽

Control Group ◽

Study Group ◽

Impression Cytology ◽

Schirmer Test ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Meibomian Glands ◽

And Control ◽

Margin Cytology

Purpose: To evaluate the tear parameters, meibomian glands and lid margin and tarsal conjunctival impression cytology in patients with conjunctivochalasis (CCH). Methods: The study included 57 patients diagnosed with CCH and 35 healthy volunteers. Tear break-up time (TBUT) was measured and Schirmer test was performed. Meibomian gland morphologies, dropout rates, and meiboscores were evaluated using meibography. Finally, impression cytology samples were taken by pressing the impression filters on the lower lid margin and lower tarsal conjunctiva. The samples were evaluated according to the Nelson grading system. Results: Schirmer test was longer and TBUT was shorter in the study group ( p = 0.035 and p < 0.001, respectively). The median of meibomian gland dropout rate was 33.45% (Interquartile range [IQR]; 23.17%–49.75%) and 18.80% (IQR; 12.35%–26.50%) in the study and control groups, respectively ( p < 0.001). There was no significant difference in terms of lid-margin cytology between the two groups ( p = 0.481). In tarsal conjunctiva cytology, the median value of Nelson grade of the study group was 2 (IQR; 1–2) and that of the control group was 1 (IQR; 1–2) ( p = 0.040). When Nelson grade-2 and above was accepted as the pathological limit, it was found that 27.5% of the study group and 15.2% of the control group showed pathological findings ( p = 0.204). Conclusions: In patients with CCH, damage occurs in the tarsal conjunctiva with the effects of redundant conjunctival folds. In these patients, atrophy occurs in the meibomian glands and tear stability is impaired. Therefore, CCH should not be overlooked in clinical practice.

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Effect of Aerosol Inhalation of Budesonide Suspension on Clinical Efficacy, Remission Time of Asthma and Disappearance Time of Rales in Children with Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Pneumonia

Tobacco Regulatory Science ◽

10.18001/trs.7.5.1.75 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (5) ◽

pp. 3057-3062

Author(s):

TingTing Zheng ◽

XiNi Liu ◽

Xuechun Chen

Keyword(s):

Mycoplasma Pneumoniae ◽

Clinical Efficacy ◽

Oral Treatment ◽

Control Group ◽

Study Group ◽

Aerosol Inhalation ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Disappearance Time ◽

And Control ◽

Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Pneumonia

To investigate the effect of aerosol inhalation of budesonide suspension on clinical efficacy, remission time of asthma and disappearance time of rales in children with mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia. Methods: 100 cases of mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in our hospital from February 2019 to February 2021 were randomly divided into study group (n = 50) and control group (n = 50). The control group was given azithromycin intravenous drip followed by oral treatment, and the study group was given aerosol inhalation of budesonide suspension on the basis of the control group. Results: Compared with the control group, disappearance time of rales in the study group, remission time of cough, remission time of asthma and time of hospitalization in the study group were relatively short (P<0.05), and the efficacy in the study group was relatively high (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea and hoarseness between the two groups (P>0.05). The improvement of FVCS FEV1 and PEF and other indexes was relatively high in the study group by comparing with the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Aerosol inhalation of budesonide suspension in children with mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia can effectively enhance the therapeutic effect, promote the improvement of lung function, and reduce the disappearance time of rales and remission time of asthma, so it can be popularized.

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Abdominal complex muscle in women with stress urinary incontinence – prospective case-control study

Archives of Medical Science ◽

10.5114/aoms/135708 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Bartlomiej Burzynski ◽

Tomasz Jurys ◽

Michalina Knapik ◽

Kamil Burzynski ◽

Paweł Rzymski ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Urinary Incontinence ◽

Stress Urinary Incontinence ◽

Muscle Thickness ◽

Isometric Tension ◽

Transversus Abdominis ◽

Control Group ◽

Abdominal Muscles ◽

Study Group ◽

Significant Difference ◽

And Control

IntroductionThis study is designed to assess the percentage share of musculus obliquus externus abdominis, musculus obliquus internus abdominis and musculus transversus abdominis activity among women with stress urinary incontinence using ultrasonography.Material and methodsMaterial and methods: The study is a retrospective analysis of prospective collected data of 84 women aged 23-62 years old. In the study group are women suffering from grade 1 or 2 stress urinary incontinence according to the Stamey classification, the control group consists of women with no micturition disorders. The abdominal muscles activity was measured by using the ultrasound imaging with assessment of muscle thickness.ResultsThe analysis of musculus obliquus externus abdominis in anterolateral abdominal wall activity shows a statistically significant difference between study and control group concerning isometric tension of abdominal muscles (p=0,012) and lower part of abdomen tension (p=0,004). Women with stress urinary incontinence present a higher activity of the musculus obliquus externus abdominis than controls. In the case of the musculus obliquus internus abdominis, statistically significant differences were shown during tension of the lower part of the abdomen (p=0,024). Comparison of activity of the musculus transversus abdominis between study and control groups shows a statistically significant difference during isometric tension of abdominal muscles (p=0,018).ConclusionsThe pattern of activity of the assessed muscles differs between the study group and the control group. In the study group, the activity pattern is concerning the higher activity of the musculus obliquus externus abdominis and the lower activity of the musculus obliquus internus abdominis and musculus transversus abdominis.

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The retrospective study of 93 patients with transmigration of mandibular canine and a comparative analysis with a control group

European Journal of Orthodontics ◽

10.1093/ejo/cjy067 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 41 (4) ◽

pp. 390-396 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Paweł Plakwicz ◽

Joanna Abramczyk ◽

Julita Wojtaszek-Lis ◽

Jolanta Sajkowska ◽

Barbara Warych ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Contralateral Side ◽

Permanent Teeth ◽

Control Group ◽

Study Group ◽

Affected Side ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Mandibular Canine ◽

And Control ◽

Primary Canine

Summary Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate characteristics of patients with unilateral transmigration of a mandibular canine in the largest study group presented until now. Materials and methods The study group consisted of 93 patients with unilateral transmigration of mandibular canine; the control group included 85 non-affected patients. Type of transmigration, status of deciduous and permanent canines, prevalence of missing teeth, class of occlusion, and space conditions were assessed to draw comparisons between groups. Results In this study, 64.5 per cent patients presented type 1 of transmigration; types 2, 3, 4, and 5 were present in, respectively, 23.7, 5.4, 4.3, and 2.1 per cent patients. There was a clear, statistically significant difference (P < 0.0001) between the mean crown and apex migration and angulation for the three groups of canines (transmigrated, contralateral, and control), whereas no differences were observed for the total number of permanent teeth present. In the study group, 73.1 per cent patients retained their primary canine on the affected side and 18.3 per cent on the contralateral side; in the control group, 22.3 per cent subjects had at least one primary canine. There was a statistically significant difference in the distribution of types of malocclusion between the study and the control groups. Conclusions Transmigration of mandibular canine was associated with the presence of retained primary canine on the affected side, higher mesial tilting of contralateral mandibular canine when compared to the canines in the control group. Additionally, higher prevalence of Angle’s Class I occlusion in patients with canine transmigration was recorded.

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Sirolimus influence on hepatectomy-induced liver regeneration in rats

Revista do Colégio Brasileiro de Cirurgiões ◽

10.1590/s0100-69912014000300012 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 41 (3) ◽

pp. 203-207 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Edimar Leandro Toderke ◽

Giorgio Alfredo Pedroso Baretta ◽

Ozimo Pereira Gama Filho ◽

Jorge Eduardo Fouto Matias

Keyword(s):

Liver Regeneration ◽

Negative Influence ◽

Control Group ◽

Cell Multiplication ◽

Study Group ◽

Adult Rats ◽

Ki 67 ◽

Immunohistochemical Markers ◽

Significant Difference ◽

And Control

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the influence of sirolimus on liver regeneration triggered by resection of 70% of the liver of adult rats. METHODS: we used 40 Wistar rats randomly divided into two groups (study and control), each group was divided into two equal subgroups according to the day of death (24 hours and seven days). Sirolimus was administered at a dose of 1mg/kg in the study group and the control group was given 1 ml of saline. The solutions were administered daily since three days before hepatectomy till the rats death to removal of the regenerated liver, conducted in 24 hours or 7 days after hepatectomy. Liver regeneration was measured by the KWON formula, by thenumber of mitotic figures (hematoxylin-eosin staining) and by the immunohistochemical markers PCNA and Ki-67. RESULTS: there was a statistically significant difference between the 24h and the 7d groups. When comparing the study and control groups in the same period, there was a statistically significant variation only for Ki-67, in which there were increased numbers of hepatocytes in cell multiplication in the 7d study group compared with the 7d control group (p = 0.04). CONCLUSION: there was no negative influence of sirolimus in liver regeneration and there was a positive partial effect at immunohistochemistry with Ki-67.

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Ganji Formulation for Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma Who Have Undergone Surgery: A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Controlled Trial

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2019/9492034 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Jing-Hao Zhang ◽

Chao Zheng ◽

Xiao-Jun Zhu ◽

Xin Zhang ◽

Zhi-Jun Hou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽

Treatment Group ◽

Liver Resection ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Disease Free Survival ◽

Control Group ◽

Double Blind ◽

Local Ablation ◽

Significant Difference ◽

And Control

Objective. To ascertain the efficacy and safety of Ganji Formulation (GF) for patients with Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) who had undergone surgery. Materials and Methods. A total of 262 HCC patients who had undergone liver resection, local ablation, or transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) were divided randomly into the treatment group and control group. The former was treated with GF and the later with placebo, both for 6 months. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS). Second endpoints were disease-free survival (DFS) or time to disease progression (TTP). Results. OS of the treatment group was significantly longer than that of the control group (P < 0.05). Subgroup analysis showed that, for patients who received TACE, the TTP was significantly longer in the treatment group than in the control group (P < 0.05). However, for patients who underwent liver resection or local ablation, there was no significant difference in DFS between the two groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion. GF could improve postoperative cumulative survival and prolong the TTP. This clinical trial number is registered with ChiCTR-IOR-15007349.

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The Efficacy of Intravenous Tranexamic Acid in Reduction of Blood Loss in Women at High Risk of Postpartum Hemorrhage

QJM ◽

10.1093/qjmed/hcaa056.014 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 113 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

K M Diab ◽

R M Mohamed ◽

A G Abdelhay

Keyword(s):

Blood Loss ◽

Cesarean Section ◽

Tranexamic Acid ◽

Maternal Mortality ◽

Vaginal Delivery ◽

Control Group ◽

Study Group ◽

Control Groups ◽

Significant Difference ◽

And Control

Abstract Background Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is the leading cause of maternal mortality. All women who carry a pregnancy beyond 20 weeks’ gestation are at risk for PPH and its sequelae. Although maternal mortality rates have declined greatly in the developed world, PPH remains a leading cause of maternal mortality elsewhere. Aim of the Work To assess the efficacy and safety intravenous tranexamic acid in reduction of amount of blood loss in high risk women who deliver by cesarean section or vaginal delivery in postpartum period. Patients and Methods This prospective double blind randomized controlled clinical trial study was conducted on 200 patients planned for LSCS or vaginal delivery at Gestational Age ≥ 34 Weeks at Ain Shams University Maternity Hospital. Recruitment of data begun once the protocol was approved by research and ethical committee of the department of obstetrics and gynecology. Results No significant difference between Study and Control groups as regards age (p = 0.508), no significant difference between Study and Control groups as regards Gestational age (p = 0.447),total blood loss (p < 0.001) was significantly lower in study group than control group, Vaginal pads in the 1st 24 hours post-partum was significantly less soaked in study group than control group (p < 0.001). no significant difference between Study and Control groups as regards Preoperative Hemoglobin, Postoperative Hemoglobin was significantly higher in study group than control group (p < 0.001), Reduction in Hemoglobin was significantly less in study group than control group (p < 0.001), no significant difference between Study and Control groups as regards Preoperative Hematocrite, Postoperative Hematocrit was significantly higher in study group than control group (p < 0.001), Reduction in Hematocrite was significantly less in study group than control group (p < 0.001).Need to iron replacement or blood transfusion was significantly less frequent in study group than control group (p = 0.24). Conclusion The use of tranexamic acid prior to cesarean section or vaginal delivery is effective as a prophylaxis against post-partum hemorrhage as shown by the results of this study. It can significantly reduce blood loss during and after cesarean section or vaginal delivery.

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A Comparative Study of Relationship between Micronutrients and Gestational Diabetes

ISRN Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.5402/2012/470419 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-4 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Farideh Akhlaghi ◽

Seyyed Majid Bagheri ◽

Omid Rajabi

Keyword(s):

Gestational Diabetes ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Control Group ◽

Study Group ◽

Inclusion Criteria ◽

Control Groups ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Micronutrient Concentration ◽

And Control

In this paper, we studied the relation between the micronutrient and gestational diabetes. Therefore, we measured micronutrient concentration including Ni, Al, Cr, Mg, Fe, Zn, Cu, and Se in serum of women with gestational diabetes between 24 and 28 weeks of gestational age (study group) who had inclusion criteria and comparison with micronutrient levels in normal pregnant women with same gestational age (control group). Results showed that there was no significant difference between the serum micronutrient level (Ni, Al, Cr, Mg, Zn, Cu, Se) in study and control groups except serum level of iron which in serum of gestational diabetic women was lower than normal pregnant women and difference was significant.

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Evaluation of the Association between Programmed Cell Death-1 Gene Polymorphisms and Hepatocellular Carcinoma Susceptibility in Turkish Subjects. A Pilot Study

Journal of Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases ◽

10.15403/jgld-2623 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Abdullah Fatih Demirci ◽

Coskun Ozer Demirtas ◽

Fatih Eren ◽

Demet Yilmaz ◽

Caglayan Keklikkiran ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽

Cell Death ◽

Programmed Cell Death ◽

Turkish Population ◽

Control Group ◽

Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽

Single Nucleotide ◽

Programmed Cell Death 1 ◽

Significant Difference ◽

And Control

Background and Aims: Programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) has a vital role in regulating T-cell function, and immune escape mechanism of cancer cells. It was shown that there could be a relationship between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the PD-1 gene and susceptibility to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) based on various studies. We aimed to investigate the role of three SNPs within the PD-1 gene in susceptibility to HCC in the Turkish population. Methods: Single nucleotide polymorphisms of PD-1.1, 1.5, and 1.6 were genotyped by using TaqMan Allelic Discrimination Assays in blood samples of 137 HCC and 136 control subjects, matched for age and gender. The genotype, allele and haplotype frequencies were compared in HCC and control groups using logistic regression analysis. Results: Genotype distributions of PD-1.1, PD-1.5 and PD-1.6 SNPs were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. No significant difference was observed in the genotype distribution of PD-1.1, PD-1.5 and PD-1.6 polymorphisms among gender and age-matched HCC (M/F: 96/41; mean age: 61.4 ±11.7 years) and control group (M/F: 94/42; mean age: 61.4±10.1). In the haplotype analysis of PD-1.1/PD-1.5/PD-1.6, no significant difference was found among HCC and control group adjusted for sex and age (all p values>0.1). Conclusion: Our findings, firstly reporting the association of PD-1.5 polymorphism with HCC, and PD-1.1 and PD-1.6 with HCC in the Turkish population, suggest that PD-1 polymorphisms are not predisposing factors for HCC development. Future studies with larger sample sizes and different ethnic populations are required to validate our findings.

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Evaluation of Trace Element Levels and Antioxidant Metabolism in Cattle with Cutaneous Papillomatosis

Acta Scientiae Veterinariae ◽

10.22456/1679-9216.82553 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 46 (1) ◽

pp. 5

Author(s):

Handan Hilal Arslan ◽

Duygu Tarhan ◽

Sena Cenesiz ◽

Fatma Ates Alkan ◽

Umit Ozcan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Trace Elements ◽

Trace Element ◽

Control Group ◽

Study Group ◽

Antioxidant Metabolism ◽

Essential Components ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Trace Element Levels ◽

Ruminant Metabolism ◽

And Control

Background: Cutaneous papillomas are benign proliferative neoplasms. The aetiology and pathogenesis of the disease are very complex. Papillomatosis lesions can be detected anywhere on the body, frequently appearing on the surface of the head, neck, teats, udder, external genital mucosa and upper part of the gastrointestinal tract. The disease is not life threatening but due to loss of productivity, owners often cull animals with papillomatosis. The relationships between trace elements, heavy metals and cancer are still researching. The aim of this study was the evaluation of the relationships between trace elements and antioxidant metabolism, and cutaneous papillomatosis, in cattle.Materials, Methods & Results: Eleven cattle with cutaneous papillomatosis and 10 healthy cattle constituted the study group and control group, respectively. Clinical examinations were performed on all animals. Blood samples were collected and Cr, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Se, Zn, As, B, Ni, Si and Co levels were determined. The analyses were conducted with an inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrophotometer. In addition, catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA) and ceruloplasmin (Cp) concentrations were measured. The Ni, Si and MDA levels of the study group were significantly higher than those of the control group (P < 0.05) but the Se levels of the study group were significantly lower than in the control group (P < 0.05). The normality of the data was determined with the Shapiro-Wilk Test and the Independent Samples t-Test or Mann-Whitney U test was used for statistical comparison of the groups.Discussion: Trace elements are essential components of biological systems. The levels of trace elements, such as Cu, Co, I, Se, Zn and Mn, which are affected by grazing activity, influence ruminants’ reproductive performance and other production parameters. The elements Al, As, Cr, Ni and Sn are also presumed to be essential for ruminant metabolism, although sufficient research data are not available. In the present study, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Zn, As, B and Co levels were not significantly different between the papilloma and control groups. Se is an important trace element for skin health. This study revealed a mean serum Se level in animals with papillomatosis that was significantly lower than in the healthy group. Although the mode of anticancer activity of Se is not clear, some factors, such as antioxidant protection, improved immune system surveillance, carcinogen detoxification, modulation of cell proliferation and inhibition of tumour cell invasion and angiogenesis, are important. Ni is classified as a toxic heavy metal. In addition, it could be carcinogenic to humans. Ni level was two times higher in the papillomatosis group than in the healthy animals, in the present study. This result may indicate that Ni has a role in the genesis of papillomatosis in cattle. Si injection can cause inflammation, granulomas and cancer. There are few reports about Si levels in animals and the significant difference in the Si levels in cattle with cutaneous papillomatosis reported in this study may be a new indicator for the disease. The skin contains antioxidant molecules that include GSH, alpha-tocopherol or vitamin E, ascorbic acid or vitamin C, glutathione peroxidases, glutathione reductase, glutathione S-transferases (GSTs), superoxide dismutases (SODs), CAT and quinine reductase. There is strong interaction between ROS and/or their oxidant products and antioxidant molecules in the skin. In this study, although MDA levels were higher in the study group than in the control group, there was no significant difference between the groups in their CAT levels, and also in the GSH and CP levels. In conclusion, these results may evidence the systemic effects of papillomatosis on trace element levels and on oxidant metabolism in cattle.

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