scholarly journals Interventional Treatment for Cholangiocarcinoma

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hang Li ◽  
Li Chen ◽  
Guang-Yu Zhu ◽  
Xijuan Yao ◽  
Rui Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Resection ◽  
Symptom Relief ◽  
Interventional Treatment ◽  
Liver Malignancy ◽  
Extrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Distal Cholangiocarcinoma ◽  
Iodine 125 ◽  
Radical Surgical Resection

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is the second most common type of primary liver malignancy. The latest classification includes intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma and extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, with the latter one further categorized into perihilar and distal cholangiocarcinoma. Although surgical resection is the preferred treatment for CCA, less than half of the patients are actually eligible for radical surgical resection. Interventional treatment, such as intra-arterial therapies, ablation, and brachytherapy (iodine-125 seed implantation), has become an acceptable palliative treatment for patients with unresectable CCA. For these patients, interventional treatment is helpful for locoregional control, symptom relief, and improving quality of life. Herein, in a timely and topical manner, we will review these advances and highlight future directions of research in this article.

The Strategy of Treatment for Mid to Distal Cholangiocarcinoma after Surgical Resection

2018 ◽  
Vol 84 (6) ◽  
pp. 820-825 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sung Ryol Lee ◽  
Hyung Ook Kim ◽  
Jun Ho Shin
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Resection ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Radical Resection ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
R0 Resection ◽  
Extrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma ◽  
Distal Cholangiocarcinoma ◽  
Gastrointestinal Malignancies ◽  
R1 Resection ◽  
Log Rank Test

The overall survival (OS) rate of extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ECC) remains much lower than that for other gastrointestinal malignancies. A variety of factors have been used to predict prognosis after surgical resection for ECC, but no consensus has been reached. Therefore, this study sought to identify useful prognostic factors for patients with ECC. In our institution, within the study period, 76 patients received surgical resection for mid to distal cholangiocarcinoma. Clinicopathological data were retrospectively collected, along with survival and prognosis. In multi-variate analysis for OS, ductal margin status (P = 0.008) and pT category (P < 0.02) presented independent predictors of survival. In the R0 resection group, N stage and adjuvant chemotherapy presented independent predictors of recurrence in the multivariate model. The three- and five-year survival rates were significantly better in patients with negative ductal margins (77.% at three years and 63.6% at five years) than in those with positive ductal margins (33.3% at three years and 25.0% at five years) (P < 0.05). Survival rates were similar between cases of R0 resection without gemcitabine-based chemotherapy and R1 resection with gemcitabine-based chemotherapy (P = 0.6193, Log-rank test). However, survival rates between R0 resection with gemcitabine-based chemotherapy and R1 resection with gemcitabine-based chemotherapy were significantly different (P = 0.0086, Log-rank test). For good prognosis, radical resection to ensure adequate margin may be recommended for middle common bile duct cancer. In addition, regardless of margin negativity, gemcitabine-based chemotherapy is recommended for prolongation of relapse-free time and OS time.

Leukemia Support Groups: How Are They Doing?

1997 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 407-412
Author(s):  
Donna Corwin Moss
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Support Groups ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cancer Treatments ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Course Of Illness ◽  
New Concepts ◽  
Sources Of Support ◽  
Practical Impact

Background Support groups help their participants to cope with the emotional and practical impact of their illnesses. Methods The effectiveness of the Leukemia Society of America support groups in enhancing the quality of life for their participants is reviewed. The groundwork, purpose, and structure of such groups, as well as alternate sources of support, are presented. Evaluation and future directions for oncology groupwork are discussed. Results Support groups complement the therapies provided by clinical practitioners and scientists by addressing the additional needs of cancer patients over the course of illness and survival. Conclusions New concepts and methods that address the needs of specific age-groups and incorporate the newly generated data on cancer treatments will further enhance the benefits provided by support groups.

scholarly journals Olfaction and Aging: A Review of the Current State of Research and Future Directions

i-Perception ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 204166952110203
Author(s):  
Jonas K. Olofsson ◽  
Ingrid Ekström ◽  
Maria Larsson ◽  
Steven Nordin
Keyword(s):  
Warning Signs ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Current State ◽  
Challenging Tasks ◽  
State Of Research ◽  
To Come ◽  
Health Cognition ◽  
Olfactory Abilities ◽  
And Training

Olfaction, the sense of smell, is characterized by a notable age-dependency such that aging individuals are more likely to have poor olfactory abilities. These impairments are considered to be mostly irreversible and as having potentially profound effects on quality of life and food behavior, as well as constituting warning signs of mortality, cognitive dysfunction, and dementia. Here, we review the current state of research on aging and olfaction, focusing on five topics which we regard to be of particular relevance for the field: nutrition and health, cognition and dementia, mortality, environment and genetics, and training-based enhancement. Under each of these headlines, we provide a state-of-the-art overview and discuss gaps in our knowledge which might be filled by further research. Understanding how olfactory abilities are diminished in aging, and how they may be alleviated or recovered, involves a set of challenging tasks for researchers in the years to come.

scholarly journals Comprehensive Review of Knee Osteoarthritis Pharmacological Treatment and the Latest Professional Societies’ Guidelines

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 205
Author(s):  
Dragan Primorac ◽  
Vilim Molnar ◽  
Vid Matišić ◽  
Damir Hudetz ◽  
Željko Jeleč ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Symptom Relief ◽  
Topical Administration ◽  
Symptomatic Therapy ◽  
Therapy Options ◽  
Professional Societies ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
The Right

Osteoarthritis is the most common musculoskeletal progressive disease, with the knee as the most commonly affected joint in the human body. While several new medications are still under research, many symptomatic therapy options, such as analgesics (opioid and non-opioid), nonsteroid anti-inflammatory drugs, symptomatic slow-acting drugs in osteoarthritis, and preparations for topical administration, are being used, with a diverse clinical response and inconsistent conclusions across various professional societies guidelines. The concept of pharmacogenomic-guided therapy, which lies on principles of the right medication for the right patient in the right dose at the right time, can significantly increase the patient’s response to symptom relief therapy in knee osteoarthritis. Corticosteroid intra-articular injections and hyaluronic acid injections provoke numerous discussions and disagreements among different guidelines, even though they are currently used in daily clinical practice. Biological options, such as platelet-rich plasma and mesenchymal stem cell injections, have shown good results in the treatment of osteoarthritis symptoms, greatly increasing the patient’s quality of life, especially when combined with other therapeutic options. Non-inclusion of the latter therapies in the guidelines, and their inconsistent stance on numerous therapy options, requires larger and well-designed studies to examine the true effects of these therapies and update the existing guidelines.

Recurrent Mesenchymal Hamartoma Associated with 19q Translocation. A Call for More Radical Surgical Resection

2006 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Sharif ◽  
P. Ramani ◽  
H. Lochbühler ◽  
R. Grundy ◽  
J. de Ville de Goyet
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Resection ◽  
Mesenchymal Hamartoma ◽  
Radical Surgical Resection

scholarly journals Sleep Disorders in Adults with Down Syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (14) ◽  
pp. 3012
Author(s):  
Sandra Giménez ◽  
Miren Altuna ◽  
Esther Blessing ◽  
Ricardo M. Osorio ◽  
Juan Fortea
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Sleep Disruption ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Future Directions

Sleep disorders, despite being very frequent in adults with Down syndrome (DS), are often overlooked due to a lack of awareness by families and physicians and the absence of specific clinical sleep guidelines. Untreated sleep disorders have a negative impact on physical and mental health, behavior, and cognitive performance. Growing evidence suggests that sleep disruption may also accelerate the progression to symptomatic Alzheimer’s disease (AD) in this population. It is therefore imperative to have a better understanding of the sleep disorders associated with DS in order to treat them, and in doing so, improve cognition and quality of life, and prevent related comorbidities. This paper reviews the current knowledge of the main sleep disorders in adults with DS, including evaluation and management. It highlights the existing gaps in knowledge and discusses future directions to achieve earlier diagnosis and better treatment of sleep disorders most frequently found in this population.

A Survey of Parametric Static Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 54 (7) ◽  
pp. 1-37
Author(s):  
Jihyeok Park ◽  
Hongki Lee ◽  
Sukyoung Ryu
Keyword(s):  
Recent Work ◽  
Static Analysis ◽  
Abstract Interpretation ◽  
Black Box ◽  
Parameter Selection ◽  
Survey Analysis ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Analysis Quality

Understanding program behaviors is important to verify program properties or to optimize programs. Static analysis is a widely used technique to approximate program behaviors via abstract interpretation. To evaluate the quality of static analysis, researchers have used three metrics: performance, precision, and soundness. The static analysis quality depends on the analysis techniques used, but the best combination of such techniques may be different for different programs. To find the best combination of analysis techniques for specific programs, recent work has proposed parametric static analysis . It considers static analysis as black-box parameterized by analysis parameters , which are techniques that may be configured without analysis details. We formally define the parametric static analysis, and we survey analysis parameters and their parameter selection in the literature. We also discuss open challenges and future directions of the parametric static analysis.

scholarly journals Replicating the complexity of natural surfaces: technique validation and applications for biomimetics, ecology and evolution

2018 ◽  
Vol 377 (2138) ◽  
pp. 20180265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charchit Kumar ◽  
Alejandro Palacios ◽  
Venkata A. Surapaneni ◽  
Georg Bold ◽  
Marc Thielen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Sciences ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Small Surface ◽  
Surface Information ◽  
Cross Covariance ◽  
Unique Method ◽  
Structural Aspects

The surfaces of animals, plants and abiotic structures are not only important for organismal survival, but they have also inspired countless biomimetic and industrial applications. Additionally, the surfaces of animals and plants exhibit an unprecedented level of diversity, and animals often move on the surface of plants. Replicating these surfaces offers a number of advantages, such as preserving a surface that is likely to degrade over time, controlling for non-structural aspects of surfaces, such as compliance and chemistry, and being able to produce large areas of a small surface. In this paper, we compare three replication techniques among a number of species of plants, a technical surface and a rock. We then use two model parameters (cross-covariance function ratio and relative topography difference) to develop a unique method for quantitatively evaluating the quality of the replication. Finally, we outline future directions that can employ highly accurate surface replications, including ecological and evolutionary studies, biomechanical experiments, industrial applications and improving haptic properties of bioinspired surfaces. The recent advances associated with surface replication and imaging technology have formed a foundation on which to incorporate surface information into biological sciences and to improve industrial and biomimetic applications. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Bioinspired materials and surfaces for green science and technology’.

The Mae on Project: Using Acupuncture for Symptom Relief and Improved Quality of Life for People Living with Hiv and Aids in Rural Thailand

2010 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Louie ◽  
Nopporn Pathanapornpandh ◽  
Unchalee Pultajuk ◽  
Robert Kaplan ◽  
Ian Hodgson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Symptom Relief ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Hiv And Aids ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Preliminary Evaluation ◽  
Related Symptom ◽  
History Of ◽  
Living With Hiv

Acupuncture in combination with antiretroviral therapies is a potentially useful treatment for HIV-related symptom relief in resource-poor settings. Traditional Chinese medicine has a long history of being used to enhance immune function. In the setting of HIV, Chinese traditional medicine allows for symptom treatment without adding extra medications to a complex drug regime. This paper provides details of a project at Mae On Hospital in rural northern Thailand where allopathic/conventional treatments are used in tandem with acupuncture. A preliminary evaluation of the project suggests that an integrated approach to symptom relief is viewed positively by respondents receiving acupuncture, though further studies are required to confirm the association between acupuncture and symptom relief. The project also demonstrates the feasibility of developing a cost-effective acupuncture programme using local healthcare staff.

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