Inter-Individual Variability of a High-Intensity Interval Training With Specific Techniques vs. Repeated Sprints Program in Sport-Related Fitness of Taekwondo Athletes

This study investigated the effect of 4 weeks of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) with specific techniques (TS-G) vs. repeated sprints (RS-G) and analyzed the inter-individual variability [classified into responders (Rs) and non-responders (NRs)] on sport-related fitness in taekwondo (TKD) athletes. Athletes of both genders (n = 12) were randomly assigned into TS-G and RS-G groups. Both groups trained 3 days/week for 4 weeks [two blocks of three rounds of 2 min of activity (4-s of all-out efforts with 28-s dynamical pauses) with 1 min of recovery in between and 5 min between blocks] during their regular training. The related sport fitness assessments included squat jump (SJ), countermovement jump (CMJ), multiple frequency speed of kick test (FSKTMULT), specifically total kicks and Kick Decrement Index (KDI), and 20-m shuttle run (20MSR). Relevant results indicate a significant effect of the time factor in both groups for SJ performance and a significant decrease for KDI in RS-G. In addition, an improvement in performance according to the effect size analysis in the TS-G in total kicks, KDI, and 20MSR. Complementarily, a higher proportion of athlete Rs was reported in TS-G vs. RS-G for SJ (50% vs. 30.3%, respectively), CMJ, and total kicks (16.6% vs. 0%). In conclusion, the addition to the regular training of a HIIT with specific-techniques and repeated-sprints associated with intervals and similar structure of the combat during 4 weeks of training can improve the concentric characteristics of lower limb performance, although they were not the sufficient stimuli in the other components of TKD-related fitness.

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High-intensity Interval Training Shock Microcycle Improves Running Performance but not Economy in Female Soccer Players

International Journal of Sports Medicine ◽

10.1055/a-1302-8002 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Filippo Dolci ◽

Andrew E. Kilding ◽

Tania Spiteri ◽

Paola Chivers ◽

Benjamin Piggott ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Intensity ◽

Interval Training ◽

Running Economy ◽

Soccer Players ◽

High Intensity Interval Training ◽

Endurance Running ◽

Post Intervention ◽

Change Of Direction ◽

High Intensity Interval ◽

Shuttle Run

AbstractThis study aimed to evaluate the effect of high-intensity interval training shock microcycles (HIITSM) on endurance, running economy and change of direction economy in female soccer players. Nineteen sub-elite female soccer players were randomised to two groups: HIITSM (10 HIIT sessions over 13 days) or HIITTRAD (4 HIIT sessions over 13 days) interventions. Endurance performance was evaluated through the 30–15 intermittent fitness test (30–15IFT); running economy over a 5-min treadmill run; and change of direction economy over two conditions: (1) 5-min 20m shuttle run, and (2) 5-min 10m shuttle run. HIITSM significantly improved 30–15IFT scores compared to baseline (+4.4%, p=0.009; d=0.96) and 30–15IFT scores relative to HIITTRAD (p=0.002; d=2.01). There was no significant interaction (group×time) for running economy and change of direction economy. Pre- to post- intervention there was a significant main time effect for blood lactate over 20m and 10m shuttle runs (p<0.001 and p=0.037, respectively), with large (d=0.93) and moderate (d=0.53) changes observed for the HIITSM over the two distances, respectively. HIITSM may be more effective than HIITTRAD to improve 30–15IFT over shorter training periods but may not affect running economy and change of direction economy.

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Respiratory Frequency as a Marker of Physical Effort During High-Intensity Interval Training in Soccer Players

International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance ◽

10.1123/ijspp.2019-0028 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 73-80 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Andrea Nicolò ◽

Marco Montini ◽

Michele Girardi ◽

Francesco Felici ◽

Ilenia Bazzucchi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Intensity ◽

Interval Training ◽

Respiratory Frequency ◽

Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽

Soccer Players ◽

High Intensity Interval Training ◽

Metabolic Power ◽

Physical Effort ◽

High Intensity Interval ◽

Shuttle Run

Purpose: Variables currently used in soccer training monitoring fail to represent the physiological demand of the player during movements like accelerations, decelerations, and directional changes performed at high intensity. We tested the hypothesis that respiratory frequency (fR) is a marker of physical effort during soccer-related high-intensity exercise. Methods: A total of 12 male soccer players performed a preliminary intermittent incremental test and 2 shuttle-run high-intensity interval training (HIIT) protocols, in separate visits. The 2 HIIT protocols consisted of 12 repetitions over 9 minutes and differed in the work-to-recovery ratio (15:30 vs 30:15 s). Work rate was self-paced by participants to achieve the longest possible total distance in each HIIT protocol. Results: Work-phase average metabolic power was higher (P < .001) in the 15:30-second protocol (31.7 [3.0] W·kg−1) compared with the 30:15-second protocol (22.8 [2.0] W·kg−1). Unlike heart rate and oxygen uptake, fR showed a fast response to the work–recovery alternation during both HIIT protocols, resembling changes in metabolic power even at supramaximal intensities. Large correlations (P < .001) were observed between fR and rating of perceived exertion during both 15:30-second (r = .87) and 30:15-second protocols (r = .85). Conclusions: Our findings suggest that fR is a good marker of physical effort during shuttle-run HIIT in soccer players. These findings have implications for monitoring training in soccer and other team sports.

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Effects of High-Intensity Interval Training With Specific Techniques on Jumping Ability and Change of Direction Speed in Karate Athletes: An Inter-individual Analysis

Frontiers in Physiology ◽

10.3389/fphys.2021.769267 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Alex Ojeda-Aravena ◽

Tomás Herrera-Valenzuela ◽

Pablo Valdés-Badilla ◽

Eduardo Báez-San Martín ◽

Jorge Cancino-López ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Intensity ◽

Interval Training ◽

Individual Variability ◽

T Test ◽

Control Group ◽

High Intensity Interval Training ◽

Significant Interaction Effect ◽

Change Of Direction ◽

High Intensity Interval ◽

Karate Athletes

This study investigated the effect of 4weeks of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) with specific techniques and analyzed inter-individual variability [classified in responders (Rs) and non-responders (NRs)] on jumping ability and change of direction speed (CODS) in youth karate athletes. Athletes of both genders (n=10) were randomly assigned into experimental group (EG; n=5) and the control group (CG; n=5). The EG trained 2–3days per week applying HIIT (three rounds [15 sets of 4s all-out specific efforts with 8s of dynamical pauses] with 3min of recovery between rounds) during their usual training during 4weeks. Assessments included squat jump (SJ) and countermovement jump (CMJ) and CODS by T-test. No significant interaction effect group by time was found. Although, in percentage and effect size (ES) terms increases were reported in both groups for SJ (EG: 15.2%, ES=0.91 vs. CG: 12.4%, ES=0.02) and only in EG for the T-test (−1.7%; ES=−0.35). In turn, a trend toward a higher proportion of Rs was observed in the EG (40% Rs) vs. CG (20% Rs) for SJ and CODS, respectively. In conclusion, the addition to regular training of a HIIT with specific techniques and based on the temporal combat structure after 4weeks was not a sufficient stimulus to increase jumping ability and CODS in karate athletes.

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Trainingsintensität im Gesundheitssport

B&G Bewegungstherapie und Gesundheitssport ◽

10.1055/a-1481-2802 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 37 (03) ◽

pp. 119-127

Author(s):

Gerd Thienes ◽

Kathrin Randl ◽

Denis Glage

Keyword(s):

High Intensity ◽

Interval Training ◽

High Intensity Interval Training ◽

Dual Mode ◽

Mode Theory ◽

High Intensity Interval ◽

Shuttle Run

ZusammenfassungDas High-Intensity-Interval-Training (HIIT) erfährt derzeit eine breite Aufmerksamkeit in der Trainingswissenschaft und -praxis. So ist das Training u. a. dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass kurze Trainingszeiten und geringe Belastungsumfänge mit hohen und maximalen Belastungsintensitäten kombiniert werden. Positive Effekte von HIIT zeigen sich in verschiedenen Bereichen, wie z. B. der Ausdauerentwicklung und dem Wohlbefinden. Dabei postuliert die Dual-Mode-Theory eine Wechselbeziehung der Trainingsintensität sowohl mit der affektiven Reaktion während als auch mit der Befindlichkeit nach der Belastung. Ziel der Studie ist es, die Effektivität von HIIT im Gesundheitssport in Abhängigkeit der körperlich-sportlichen Aktivität bezogen auf die Befindlichkeit nach dem Training zu überprüfen. In die Untersuchung wurden 35 Personen im Alter von durchschnittlich 22,97 Jahren (±1,99) aufgenommen. Über die Anzahl einer mindestens 60-minütigen körperlich-sportlichen Aktivität (MVPA) in der vergangenen und in einer normalen Woche, wurden die Testpersonen entweder der Gruppe wenig Aktiver (MVPA ≤ 3, n=22) oder Aktiver (MVPA>3, n=13) zugeordnet. Vor und nach einem 7-wöchigen Training wurden die Ausdauerleistungsfähigkeit mit dem 20-m-Shuttle-Run und die Befindlichkeit (BFS-Skalen) erhoben. Die Intervention bestand aus 16 Übungen, welche 2-mal mit einer Belastungsdauer von 20 Sekunden bei einer Pause von 10 Sekunden durchlaufen wurden. Vier Trainingseinheiten mit sehr hohen Belastungsintensitäten (Borg-Skala) wechselten mit 3 moderaten Einheiten. Für eine Überprüfung der wahrgenommenen Intensität wurden in der Woche 6 und 7 die Session-RPE von den Testpersonen erfragt. Die Ausdauerleistungsfähigkeit verbesserte sich über die Zeit signifikant (t=6,24; p<0,001; d=1,20). Aktivere unterscheiden sich, bezogen auf die wahrgenommene Intensität, bei intensivem Training signifikant von den wenig Aktiven (t=3,20; p=0,003; d=1,09). Sowohl moderates als auch intensives Training zeigen signifikant positive Einflüsse auf das Wohlbefinden (p<0,050) und somit können körperlich Aktivere gleichfalls bei intensiveren Belastungen ihr Wohlbefinden fördern. Die Ergebnisse deuten vor dem Hintergrund der Dual-Mode-Theory darauf hin, dass hohe Belastungsintensitäten nicht notwendigerweise zu Missbefinden bei Anfängern führen. Somit kann ein hochintensives Training als eine Ergänzung im Gesundheitstraining eingesetzt werden

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