scholarly journals Trophic Relationships between the Parasitic Plant Species Phelipanche ramosa (L.) and Different Hosts Depending on Host Phenological Stage and Host Growth Rate

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Delphine Moreau ◽  
Stéphanie Gibot-Leclerc ◽  
Annette Girardin ◽  
Olivia Pointurier ◽  
Carole Reibel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Parasitic Plant ◽  
Trophic Relationships ◽  
Phenological Stage ◽  
Host Growth ◽  
Phelipanche Ramosa

scholarly journals Haustorium initiation in the obligate parasitic plant Phelipanche ramosa involves a host-exudated cytokinin signal

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (20) ◽  
pp. 5539-5552 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent Goyet ◽  
Estelle Billard ◽  
Jean-Bernard Pouvreau ◽  
Marc-Marie Lechat ◽  
Sandra Pelletier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parasitic Plant ◽  
Phelipanche Ramosa

scholarly journals A Note on the Flowering of Ajuga orientalis L. in Relation to Air Temperature in Mount Aenos (Cephalonia, Greece)

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 261-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aristidis Matsoukis ◽  
Athanasios Kamoutsis ◽  
Aikaterini Chronopoulou-Sereli
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Landscape Design ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Meteorological Variables ◽  
Phenological Stage ◽  
Aesthetic Value ◽  
Beginning Of Flowering ◽  
Start Dates

Ajuga orientalis L. is a widespread plant species in many countries, such as Greece, Italy and Turkey, with promising aesthetic value in the field and in landscape design, but nothing is known about its phenology, from a detailed, quantitatively, point of view, in relation to meteorological variables. Thus, under the aforementioned context, the purpose of our work is the elucidation of part of the phenology of this plant, especially concerning its flowering. To achieve this, the phenological stage ‘Beginning of flowering’, in terms of its start dates (julian days), was investigated in relation to average air temperature (T) of March in two areas, Roudi and Kaboulieri at north-northwest and south-southeast slopes, respectively, of Mount Aenos, Cephalonia, Greece, for three successive years (2014-2016). From the analysis of the T of March, it was confirmed that Kaboulieri area was significantly warmer (P<0.05) than Roudi area by 0.8 oC both in 2014 and 2015, with a significantly earlier appearance (P<0.05) of ‘Beginning of flowering’ of A. orientalis in Kaboulieri, ranging from 9.1 (2015) to 10.9 (2014) julian days. The findings of our study could be used for the planning of an efficient preservation program process of the aforementioned plant species in a vulnerable mountainous environment, such as the Mount Aenos environment, as well as for its further exploitation as a decorative plant.

scholarly journals Biofuel plant species and the contribution of genetic improvement

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (spe) ◽  
pp. 16-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiz Antônio dos Santos Dias
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Environmental Security ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Annual Growth Rate ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Improvement Programs

The paper analyses the puzzle of the food-energy-environmental security interaction, to which biofuels are part of the solution. It presents and discusses the contribution of genetic improvement to biofuels, with regard to the production of raw materials (oil and ethanol-producing plant species) and designs perspectives, opportunities, risks and challenges, with a special focus on the Brazilian scene. Bioethanol is a consolidated biofuel owing largely to the sugarcane breeding programs. These programs released 111 sugarcane cultivars and were responsible for a 20.8 % gain in productivity of bioethanol (in m³ ha-1) between 2000 and 2009. The program of Brazilian biodiesel production, initiated in 2005, had an annual growth rate of 10 % and the country is already the world's fourth largest producer. However, the contribution of breeding to biodiesel production is still modest, due to the lack of specific improvement programs for oil.

scholarly journals Invertases involved in the development of the parasitic plant Phelipanche ramosa: characterization of the dominant soluble acid isoform, PrSAI1

2011 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 638-652 ◽  
Author(s):  
RIDA DRAIE ◽  
THOMAS PÉRON ◽  
JEAN-BERNARD POUVREAU ◽  
CHRISTOPHE VÉRONÉSI ◽  
SANDRINE JÉGOU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parasitic Plant ◽  
Soluble Acid ◽  
Phelipanche Ramosa

scholarly journals A POPULATION OF LYCHNOPHORA ERICOIDES MART. (ARNICA) (ASTERACEAE) IS PRONE TO EXTINCTION IN A SAVANNA OF CENTRAL BRAZIL

2017 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 281-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Ribeiro-Silva ◽  
M. B. Medeiros ◽  
V. V. F. Lima ◽  
A. B. Giroldo ◽  
S. E. de Noronha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Population Growth Rate ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Transition Matrices ◽  
Population Growth Rates ◽  
Central Brazil ◽  
Non Timber Forest Products

Lychnophora ericoides Mart. (Asteraceae), popularly known as arnica, is a plant species subjected to non-timber forest products extraction. Evidence is mounting that some local populations are on the brink of extinction. However, demographic studies of Lychnophora ericoides are rare. Therefore, as a step towards conservation, a remnant population of Lychnophora ericoides located in an area of the Cerrado (Brazilian Savanna) in Central Brazil was evaluated from 2010 through 2014. Disturbances such as wildfires and harvesting of Lychnophora ericoides were randomly distributed throughout the study period in this area. Four annual transition matrices (A1, A2, A3 and A4) were constructed, based on life stages. The main results of studies of population dynamics for this species are as follows: 1) population growth rates (λ) with 95% confidence intervals indicated a declining population in all periods from 2010 to 2014; 2) stochastic population growth rate considering the four matrices was < 1 with value λ = 0.358 and CI95% = (0.354–0.362); 3) survival with permanence at the same stage of reproductive adult individuals (46–80%) contributed most to population growth rate, based on elasticity analysis; 4) the population is much less likely to have increases in density, compared with reduction, for all intervals from 2010 to 2014, based on transient indices; 5) the low value of λ in the high-mortality year was caused by lower stasis of individuals in the seedling or sapling and juvenile life stages, as well as fecundity in the 2011–2012 and 2012–2013 intervals, as shown by a life table response experiment; and 6) 100% of the population will probably be extinct within 15 years. There is evidence that the main cause for local extinction of Lychnophora ericoides could be the effects of frequent wildfires. Based on these results, it is suggested that the time has come for significant conservation efforts to rescue this population, including monitoring, protection and education as the first steps towards protection of this vulnerable plant species.

scholarly journals Seed response to strigolactone is controlled by abscisic acid-independent DNA methylation in the obligate root parasitic plant, Phelipanche ramosa L. Pomel

2015 ◽  
Vol 66 (11) ◽  
pp. 3129-3140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc-Marie Lechat ◽  
Guillaume Brun ◽  
Grégory Montiel ◽  
Christophe Véronési ◽  
Philippe Simier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Parasitic Plant ◽  
Phelipanche Ramosa

scholarly journals Growth rate, transmission mode and virulence in human pathogens

2017 ◽  
Vol 372 (1719) ◽  
pp. 20160094 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen C. Leggett ◽  
Charlie K. Cornwallis ◽  
Angus Buckling ◽  
Stuart A. West
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Black Box ◽  
Transmission Mode ◽  
Parasite Transmission ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Classic Theory ◽  
Rate Transmission ◽  
Evolution Of Virulence ◽  
Host Growth ◽  
Using Data

The harm that pathogens cause to hosts during infection, termed virulence, varies across species from negligible to a high likelihood of rapid death. Classic theory for the evolution of virulence is based on a trade-off between pathogen growth, transmission and host survival, which predicts that higher within-host growth causes increased transmission and higher virulence. However, using data from 61 human pathogens, we found the opposite correlation to the expected positive correlation between pathogen growth rate and virulence. We found that (i) slower growing pathogens are significantly more virulent than faster growing pathogens, (ii) inhaled pathogens and pathogens that infect via skin wounds are significantly more virulent than pathogens that are ingested, but (iii) there is no correlation between symptoms of infection that aid transmission (such as diarrhoea and coughing) and virulence. Overall, our results emphasize how virulence can be influenced by mechanistic life-history details, especially transmission mode, that determine how parasites infect and exploit their hosts. This article is part of the themed issue ‘Opening the black box: re-examining the ecology and evolution of parasite transmission’.

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