scholarly journals Molecular Epidemiology of Bacterial Wilt in the Madagascar Highlands Caused by Andean (Phylotype IIB-1) and African (Phylotype III) Brown Rot Strains of the Ralstonia solanacearum Species Complex

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Santatra Ravelomanantsoa ◽  
Christian Vernière ◽  
Adrien Rieux ◽  
Laurent Costet ◽  
Frédéric Chiroleu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Epidemiology ◽  
Bacterial Wilt ◽  
Ralstonia Solanacearum ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Brown Rot

scholarly journals Molecular Epidemiology of Ralstonia solanacearum Species Complex Strains Causing Bacterial Wilt of Potato in Uganda

2019 ◽  
Vol 109 (11) ◽  
pp. 1922-1931 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdulwahab Abdurahman ◽  
Monica L. Parker ◽  
Jan Kreuze ◽  
John G. Elphinstone ◽  
Paul C. Struik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Wilt ◽  
Ralstonia Solanacearum ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Nationwide Survey ◽  
Potato Production ◽  
Repeat Sequence ◽  
Latently Infected ◽  
Pure Cultures ◽  
Diversity Studies ◽  
Phylotype I

Bacterial wilt (BW) caused by the Ralstonia solanacearum species complex (RSSC) is a serious threat to potato production in Uganda. However, little is known about the extent of the disease and the type of the pathogen strains involved. A nationwide survey was conducted to study BW prevalence and incidence in potato, and potato tuber and stem samples of potential alternative hosts were collected for pathogen isolation. DNA was extracted from pure cultures for genetic diversity studies. The pathogen was phylotyped by multiplex PCR; then, a subset of isolates was typed at sequevar level. Isolates of the same sequevar were then haplotyped using multilocus tandem repeat sequence typing (TRST) schemes. BW prevalence and incidence in potato farms were 81.4 and 1.7%, respectively. Three RSSC phylotypes were identified, with the majority of the strains belonging to Phylotype II (80%) followed by Phylotype I (18.5%) and III (1.5%). Phylotype I strains belonged to Sequevar 31, and Phylotype II strains belonged to Sequevar 1. Potato-associated Phylotype II Sequevar 1 strains were more diverse (27 TRST haplotypes) than nonpotato Phylotype I (5 TRST haplotypes). Mapping of TRST haplotypes revealed that three TRST haplotypes of Phylotype II Sequevar 1 strains play an important epidemiological role in BW of potato in Uganda being disseminated via latently infected seed. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2019 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license .

scholarly journals Genome Resource of Two Potato Strains of Ralstonia solanacearum Biovar 2 (Phylotype IIB Sequevar 1) and Biovar 2T (Phylotype IIB Sequevar 25) Isolated from Lowlands in Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (7) ◽  
pp. 872-875 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nasim Sedighian ◽  
Marjon Krijger ◽  
Tanvi Taparia ◽  
S. Mohsen Taghavi ◽  
Emmanuel Wicker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Bacterial Wilt ◽  
Ralstonia Solanacearum ◽  
Complete Genome ◽  
Genomic Data ◽  
Brown Rot ◽  
Genome Sequences ◽  
Rot Disease ◽  
Tropical Lowlands ◽  
Major Pathogens

Ralstonia solanacearum, the causal agent of bacterial wilt and brown rot disease, is one of the major pathogens of solanaceous crops, including potato, around the globe. Biovar 2T (phylotype II/sequevar 25) of R. solanacearum is adapted to tropical lowlands and is only reported in South America and Iran. Thus far, no genome resource of the biovar 2T of the pathogen has been available. Here, we present the near-complete genome sequences of the biovar 2T strain CFBP 8697 as well as strain CFBP 8695 belonging to biovar 2 race 3, both isolated from potato in Iran. The genomic data of biovar 2T will extend our understanding of the virulence features of R. solanacearum and pave the way for research on biovar 2T functional and interaction genetics.

scholarly journals Deciphering Phenotypic Diversity of Ralstonia solanacearum Strains Pathogenic to Potato

2010 ◽  
Vol 100 (11) ◽  
pp. 1250-1261 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Cellier ◽  
P. Prior
Keyword(s):  
Ralstonia Solanacearum ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Phenotypic Diversity ◽  
Brown Rot ◽  
Host Adaptation ◽  
Species Phylogeny ◽  
Phylogeny Analysis ◽  
Adaptation Mechanisms ◽  
Bacterial Speciation ◽  
Reference Strains

Based on the phylotype classification, we questioned how genetically and phenotypically diverse strains of Ralstonia solanacearum pathogenic to potato may be. We studied 129 European and Mediterranean strains along with 57 reference strains known to cover genetic diversity in this species. Phylogeny analysis was done on endoglucanase gene sequences. Pathogenicity to potato, tomato, and eggplant was established at 24 to 30°C and 15 to 24°C, whereas tests on banana were conducted at 24 to 30°C. The ability to cause wilt on species of Solanaceae was shared by strains in all four phylotypes. Brown rot phylotypes IIB-1 and IIB-2 and phylotype IIB-27 established latent infections in banana, and Moko disease-causing phylotypes IIA-6, IIB-3, and IIB-4 were virulent to susceptible potato and tomato, addressing the question of host adaptation mechanisms, which may have undergone a similar bottleneck evolution. Cold-tolerance ability is only shared on species of Solanaceae among brown rot phylotype IIB-1, which gathered the majority of European and Mediterranean strains. We surveyed strain LNPV24.25 as the first report of an emerging phylotype IIB-4NPB strain in France. These findings showed that pathogenicity traits of genetically identified strains still need to be understood, especially in the perspective of post-genomics comparative analysis, to understand bacterial speciation in the R. solanacearum species complex.

scholarly journals Bacterial Wilt Resistance in Tomato, Pepper, and Eggplant: Genetic Resources Respond to Diverse Strains in the Ralstonia solanacearum Species Complex

2011 ◽  
Vol 101 (1) ◽  
pp. 154-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Lebeau ◽  
M.-C. Daunay ◽  
A. Frary ◽  
A. Palloix ◽  
J.-F. Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Wilt ◽  
Ralstonia Solanacearum ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Wilt Resistance ◽  
The Core ◽  
Intermediate Phenotypes ◽  
Vascular Elements ◽  
Pathogen Strains

Bacterial wilt, caused by strains belonging to the Ralstonia solanacearum species complex, inflicts severe economic losses in many crops worldwide. Host resistance remains the most effective control strategy against this disease. However, wilt resistance is often overcome due to the considerable variation among pathogen strains. To help breeders circumvent this problem, we assembled a worldwide collection of 30 accessions of tomato, eggplant and pepper (Core-TEP), most of which are commonly used as sources of resistance to R. solanacearum or for mapping quantitative trait loci. The Core-TEP lines were challenged with a core collection of 12 pathogen strains (Core-Rs2) representing the phylogenetic diversity of R. solanacearum. We observed six interaction phenotypes, from highly susceptible to highly resistant. Intermediate phenotypes resulted from the plants' ability to tolerate latent infections (i.e., bacterial colonization of vascular elements with limited or no wilting). The Core-Rs2 strains partitioned into three pathotypes on pepper accessions, five on tomato, and six on eggplant. A “pathoprofile” concept was developed to characterize the strain clusters, which displayed six virulence patterns on the whole set of Core-TEP host accessions. Neither pathotypes nor pathoprofiles were phylotype specific. Pathoprofiles with high aggressiveness were mainly found in strains from phylotypes I, IIB, and III. One pathoprofile included a strain that overcame almost all resistance sources.

scholarly journals Performance of Solanum phureja-derived bacterial-wilt resistant potato clones in a field naturally infested with Ralstonia solanacearum in Central Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 411-416
Author(s):  
Carlos A Lopes ◽  
Agnaldo DF Carvalho ◽  
Arione S Pereira ◽  
Fernanda Q Azevedo ◽  
Caroline M Castro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Wilt ◽  
Ralstonia Solanacearum ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Brown Rot ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Central Brazil ◽  
Tropical Conditions ◽  
Race 1 ◽  
Tuber Traits ◽  
High Level

ABSTRACT Bacterial wilt (BW), or brown rot, caused by the soil and seed borne bacterium Ralstonia solanacearum, is one of the most devastating diseases of potatoes cultivated in warmer regions of the world. There are no potato cultivars with a desirable level of BW resistance, although it has been recognized that resistance can be an outstanding component for disease management. However, the sources of resistance available lack agronomic traits required by potato growers, therefore being of little interest to breeders. The objective of this work was to evaluate the performance of 11 clones selected for BW resistance and improved for tuber traits upon selection in the last two decades. The clones under test were compared with susceptible and resistant clones and cultivars, in a completely randomized blocks design with three replications of single lines of 10 plants, in a field naturally infested with race 1, biovar 1, phylotype II of R. solanacearum. BW incidence was assessed 60-70 days after planting and total tuber yield in each plot was recorded 110 days after planting. All the evaluated clones presented higher levels of resistance to BW compared with the commercial varieties, not differing from the resistant, not commercial, controls. In a next step, these clones will be characterized for other desirable traits and those which combine high level of resistance and commercial characteristics will be recommended for breeders for enriching the genotypic background in the search for commercial varieties. We also confirmed that the cultivar BRSIPR Bel displays an intermediate level of resistance, what makes it an interesting genitor for its good agronomic characteristics. The findings of this work demonstrate that the improved potato clones selected under tropical conditions in the Embrapa’s pre-breeding project possess high and stable levels of resistance to bacterial wilt, being a valuable resource for breeders.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Resistance Sources of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) to Phylotype I Strains of Ralstonia solanacearum Species Complex in Benin

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1513
Author(s):  
Herbaud Zohoungbogbo ◽  
Adonis Quenum ◽  
Judith Honfoga ◽  
Jaw-Rong Chen ◽  
Enoch Achigan-Dako ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Wilt ◽  
Ralstonia Solanacearum ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Agricultural System ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum L ◽  
The University ◽  
Phylotype I

Finding sources of resistance to bacterial wilt (BW) caused by Ralstonia solanacearum species complex is a crucial step toward the development of improved bacterial wilt-resistant tomato varieties. Here, we evaluated new sources of bacterial wilt-tolerant/resistant tomato lines and identified associated phylotype/sequevar of R. solanacearum strains in Benin. Eighteen F5 lines and five checks were evaluated in two hotspots: the experimental site of the World Vegetable Center, Cotonou Benin, and the Laboratory of Genetics, Biotechnology and Seed Science of the University of Abomey-Calavi. Experiments were laid out in a randomized complete block design with four replicates. Data were collected on bacterial wilt incidence, horticultural and fruit traits and yield components. Across the two experiments, the F5 lines showed no wilting, while the local variety ‘Tounvi’ used as susceptible check showed 57.64% wilting. The wilting was due to BW and was associated with sequevars I-14, I-18 and I-31 of phylotype I. AVTO1803, AVTO1955-6 and H7996 were the highest yielding lines with 20.29 t·ha−1, 17.66 t·ha−1 and 17.07 t/ha, respectively. The sources of resistance to BW can be recommended to national agricultural system for dissemination or used in tomato breeding programs.

scholarly journals Low Temperature Induces Infectious Nonresuscitatable VBNC Cells in Ralstonia Pseudosolanacearum

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neha Faridi ◽  
Merwyn Packia raj Samuel ◽  
Shalini Bhatt ◽  
Ankur Agrawal ◽  
Veena Pande ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Bacterial Wilt ◽  
Ralstonia Solanacearum ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Economic Importance ◽  
Bacterial Genus ◽  
Window Period ◽  
Ralstonia Pseudosolanacearum ◽  
Uv C

Abstract Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum and other members of Ralstonia solanacearum species complex (RSSC) causes the disease bacterial wilt in many crops of economic importance. The organism is known to form Viable But Non Culturable cells (VBNC). VBNCs resuscitate invitro during the “resuscitation window” period and are infectious Previous studies have identified nonresuscitatable VBNCs in various bacterial genus including RSSC, however their infectivity was not elucidated and described. In this work, VBNCs of two Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum strains were generated by exposing the microcosms to psychrophilic stress, UV-C radiation and 70% isopropanol. Both resuscitatable and nonresuscitatable VBNCs were observed in psychrophilic and UV-C stressed microcosms. The nonresuscitatable VBNCs generated at psychrophilic temperature were found infective. Based on resuscitation properties, nonresuscitatable VBNCs can be considered as a different VBNC type from resuscitatable VBNCs.

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