scholarly journals The Winter-Type Allele of HvCEN Is Associated With Earliness Without Severe Yield Penalty in Icelandic Spring Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magnus Göransson ◽  
Thorbjörg Helga Sigurdardottir ◽  
Morten Lillemo ◽  
Therése Bengtsson ◽  
Jon Hallsteinn Hallsson
Keyword(s):  
Spring Barley ◽  
Allelic Diversity ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Photoperiod Response ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Yield Data ◽  
Type Allele ◽  
Winter Type ◽  
Yield Penalty

Icelandic barley genotypes have shown extreme earliness both in flowering and maturity compared to other north European genotypes, whereas earliness is a key trait in adapting barley to northern latitudes. Four genes were partially re-sequenced, which are Ppd-H1, HvCEN, HvELF3, and HvFT1, to better understand the mechanisms underlying this observed earliness. These genes are all known to play a part in the photoperiod response. The objective of this study is to correlate allelic diversity with flowering time and yield data from Icelandic field trials. The resequencing identified two to three alleles at each locus which resulted in 12 haplotype combinations. One haplotype combination containing the winter-type allele of Ppd-H1 correlated with extreme earliness, however, with a severe yield penalty. A winter-type allele in HvCEN in four genotypes correlated with earliness combined with high yield. Our results open the possibility of marker-assisted pyramiding as a rapid way to develop varieties with a shortened time from sowing to flowering under the extreme Icelandic growing conditions and possibly in other arctic or sub-arctic regions.

scholarly journals The effect of incorporation time of different crops on the residual effect on spring cereals

1999 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. KÄNKÄNEN ◽  
A. KANGAS ◽  
T. MELA
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Reduced Tillage ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Spring Cereals

The effect of the time of incorporation of different green manures and barley residues on the grain yield of spring cereals in two successive seasons was studied in seven field trials. Annual hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth), red clover (Trifolium pratense L.), westerwold ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam. var. westerwoldicum) and straw of spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) were incorporated into the soil by ploughing in early September, late October and the following May, and by reduced tillage in May. Spring barley was established in the following spring, and spring oats (Avena sativa L.) one year later. In general the grain yield of spring barley after legumes was similar to that after barley, in spite of the fact that N fertilization was reduced by 40 kg ha-1. The two autumn ploughing treatments resulted in a good yield of spring barley more reliably than did the spring incorporations. Because delayed autumn ploughing did not decrease the grain yield, a delaying procedure can be recommended for its potential of decreasing nitrogen leaching. Spring ploughing could be used on all but clay soils. Incorporating ryegrass or red clover in spring by using reduced tillage often decreased the grain yield of barley. Timing of incorporation did not have a consistent effect on the grain yield of oats in the third experimental year.;

JOHNSTON BARLEY

1980 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 1431-1433
Author(s):  
ROBERT I. WOLFE
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Rhynchosporium Secalis ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Canadian Prairies ◽  
Leaf Disease ◽  
High Yield Potential

Johnston, a six-rowed feed spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) was developed at the Agriculture Canada Research Station, Brandon, Manitoba from a cross involving Klondike, Bonanza and Nord. It has high yield potential across the Canadian prairies, particularly in parts of Alberta, resistance to scald (Rhynchosporium secalis), and excellent field leaf disease ratings.

scholarly journals Genotype and environment interaction of drought tolerant rice genotypes evaluated in drought prone areas of Bangladesh

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-30
Author(s):  
RR Majumder ◽  
TR Hore ◽  
MA Kader ◽  
TL Aditya
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Growth Duration ◽  
Yield Data ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Rice Genotypes

Field trials were conducted using ten rice genotypes including four national and international check varieties under drought prone rainfed environments of Rangpur, Nilphamari, Kurigram and Lalmonirhat districts of Bangladesh in Transplant Aman 2012 season to evaluate the growth duration and grain yield stability as well as adaptability. The experiment used randomized complete block design with three replications. Growth duration and Grain yield data were subjected to Additive Main effects and Multiplicative Interaction (AMMI) analysis. The mean growth duration of 10 genotypes over four environments showed that the longest growth duration was found for IR83383-B-B-129-4 (115.6 days) and the lowest growth duration was found for BRRI dhan56 (Ck) (113.4 days). IR82635-B-B-145-1 produced maximum 4.28 t/ha grain yield followed by 4.28 t/ha in IR82589-B-B-84-3 and the lowest grain yield was recorded for IR83376-B-B-130-2 with 3.24 t/ha. It was evident from the AMMI 1 biplot analysis that IR83377-B-B-93- 3, IR83383-B-B-129-4, IR82635-B-B-145-1, IR82635-B-B-75-2 and BRRI dhan56 (Ck) generally exhibited high yield with high main (additive) effects showing positive first principal component of the interaction (IPCA1), but IR82635-B-B-145-1 being the overall best. Hence, IR82635-B-B-145-1 was identified as specially adapted to Lalmonirhat and this environment was considered as the wide range suitable environment for the genotype. Lalmonirhat could be regarded as a good selection site for rice improvement due to stable yields. IR83377-B-B-93-3, IR82635-B-B-145-1, IR83383-B-B-129-4, IRRI 123 (Ck), BRRI dhan57 (Ck) and BINA dhan7 (Ck) were hardly affected by the G × E interaction and would perform well across a wide range of environments. In AMMI 2 biplot, IR82635-B-B-145-1 and IRRI 123 (Ck) was more responsive since they were away from the origin whereas other genotypes were nearer to the origin and hence they were more stable to different environments. IR83383-B-B-129-4 was very close to the origin, so it was more stable to different environments. Similarly Rangpur Sadar and Lalmonirhat showed similar potentiality over IR83383-B-B-129-4. The study it revealed that IR83377-B-B-93-3, IR83383-B-B-129-4, IR82635-B-B-145-1, IR82635-B-B-75-2 and IR82589-B-B-84-3 has the potentiality to show drought tolerance for the regions and might be suitable for releasing as a variety after conducting proper yield evaluation trials and Distinction, Uniformity and Stability (DUS) tests.J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 14(1): 23-30, June 2016

SPATIAL VARIABILITY MODELS TO IMPROVE DRYLAND FIELD TRIALS

2003 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. SINGH ◽  
R. S. MALHOTRA ◽  
S. CECCARELLI ◽  
A. SARKER ◽  
S. GRANDO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Variability ◽  
Akaike Information Criterion ◽  
Spatial Models ◽  
Information Criterion ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Block Designs ◽  
Incomplete Block ◽  
Yield Data ◽  
Variety Trials

Spatial variability in field trials is a reality. A proportion of this is accounted for as inter-block variability by using block (complete or incomplete) designs. A large amount of spatial variability still remains unaccounted for, however, and this may lead to erroneous conclusions. To capture this inexplicable variation (which is mainly due to intra-block variation), yield data from a series of variety yield trials, using cereals and legumes, were analysed using various spatial models. The most suitable of these, selected on the basis of the Akaike Information Criterion, were used to assess the relative performance of genotypes. Although incomplete-block designs have been found to be effective in variety trials, spatial models have added considerable value to trials with legumes and cereals. The ‘best’ spatial models gave efficiency values of over 330% in winter-sown chickpea (Cicer arietinum), 140% in lentil (Lens esculenta), and 150% in barley (Hordeum spp.) trials. Furthermore, the use of these best models resulted in a change in the ranking of genotypes (on the basis of mean yield), which resulted, therefore, in a different set of genotypes being selected for high yield. It is recommended that: (i) incomplete block designs be used in variety trials; (ii) the Akaike Information Criterion be used to select the best spatial model; and (iii) genotypes be selected after the use of this model. The selected model would account most effectively for spatial variability in the field trials, improve selection of the most desirable genotypes and, therefore, improve the efficiency of breeding programmes.

scholarly journals Influence of crop management on yield formation in cereals. [German]

1982 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-46
Author(s):  
G. Fischbeck
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Crop Management ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Grain Number ◽  
N Application ◽  
Yield Variation ◽  
Yield Formation

Grain yield of winter wheat in a given yr varied between 3.19 and 5.85 t/ha and between 3.2 and 4.7 t in 2 sets of data compiled in 1969-79 and 1972-8, respectively. no single factor including soil type, cv., preceding crop or N application was responsible for the yield differences. Variance for yr X location was responsible for 50% of grain yield variation in a series of field trials; cv.-specific crop management was only important at high yield levels. Preventive application of fungicides against major diseases increased the av. grain yield of 16 wheat cv. by 1.38 t. From trials in 1976-80 with winter wheat and spring barley, the number of grains/m2 was the most important criteron differentiating yield between and within the crops. Correlation between grain number and yield decreased as yield increased but 1000-grain wt. compensated for this effect. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)

MASSEY BARLEY

1980 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 277-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
GEORGE FEDAK ◽  
ROLAND LOISELLE ◽  
S. O. FEJER
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Puccinia Hordei ◽  
Rhynchosporium Secalis ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Loose Smut ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Breeder Seed ◽  
Growing Conditions

Massey is a new six-rowed spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) with high yield and resistance to powdery mildew (Erysiphe graminis), scald (Rhynchosporium secalis), leaf rust (Puccinia hordei) and it has the Jet genes for resistance to loose smut (Ustilago nuda). It is a nonmalting, mid-season cultivar well adapted to Ontario growing conditions. It was licensed in November 1978. Breeder seed of Massey will be maintained by Ottawa Research Station, Agriculture Canada.

SYMKO BARLEY

1990 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 853-854
Author(s):  
K. M. HO
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Lodging Resistance ◽  
Cereal Breeding ◽  
Plant Research

Symko is a two-rowed spring feed barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) suitable for growing in Eastern Canada. It has high yield, high test weight, large kernels, good lodging resistance and is resistant to powdery mildew. Breeder seed of Symko is being maintained by the Plant Research Centre, Agriculture Canada.Key words: Hordeum vulgare L., barley (two-rowed spring feed)Symko is a high-yielding, two-rowed spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) developed at the Plant Research Centre, Agriculture Canada and tested under number OB751-27 by the Ontario Cereal Crops Committee. It has short rachilla hair and does not meet the quality standards required in a malting type. Registration no. 3135 was issued for Symko on 4 July 1989 by the Food Production and Inspection Branch of Agriculture Canada. This cultivar is named in recognition of Mr. S. Symko’s significant contribution to the cereal breeding program as a former cereal cytogeneticist at the Ottawa Research Station, Agriculture Canada.

MICMAC BARLEY

1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 1001-1003
Author(s):  
J. D. E. STERLING ◽  
R. W. JONES ◽  
R. WALTON ◽  
J. E. LANGILLE ◽  
B. DUPUIS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Barley Cultivar ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Cultivar Description ◽  
Breeder Seed

Micmac is a two-rowed, feed quality, spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) with high yield, early maturity, and good kernel and threshing characteristics. It is well adapted to Eastern Canada. Breeder seed of the cultivar is maintained by the Agriculture Canada Research Station, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island.Key words: Hordeum vulgare L., spring barley, cultivar description

scholarly journals Comprehensive assessment of Hordeum vulgare in the northern forest-steppe of the Tyumen region

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 01020
Author(s):  
Julia Ivanova ◽  
Maria Fomina ◽  
Sergei Belousov ◽  
Natalia Sharapova
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Forage Crops ◽  
The World ◽  
Early Ripening

Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) occupies more than 80% of the sown area of forage crops. Barley is widely cultivated in many areas with contrasting soil and climatic conditions; breeding varieties that are resistant to abiotic and biotic environmental stress factors is an important factor that would make it possible to obtain grain with the required nutritional and forage qualities. The creation of barley varieties is a promising area of breeding in the world. To create varieties, it is necessary to consider the main directions: early ripening and high yield. To create an early ripening, high-yielding variety and hybrid of spring barley with high technological qualities of grain, the leading role belongs to the scientifically grounded selection of the source material. The article presents the results of a 3-year collection samples’ study from the world collection of the All-Russian Institute of Plants’ Genetic Resources named after N.I. Vavilov (VIR).

scholarly journals Application of metal nanoparticles for pre-sowing treatment of spring barley seeds

2020 ◽  
pp. 1140-1149
Author(s):  
Arthur Gagikovich Yablokov ◽  
Olga Aleksandrovna Bogoslovskaya ◽  
Irina Pavlovna Olkhovskaya ◽  
Natalya Nikolaevna Glushchenko
Keyword(s):  
Phase Composition ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Metal Nanoparticles ◽  
Polymer Coating ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Polymer Composition ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol 400

This paper presents data on the pre-sowing treatment of spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) seeds by polymer coating with metal nanoparticles (NPs) affecting on seed germination and morphometric parameters of seedlings. Metal NPs [Fe (56.0 ± 0.9 nm, phase composition: Fe0 -27.9 ± 2.1%, Fe3O4 - 72.1 ± 3.6%); Zn (60.6 ± 3.7 nm, phase composition: Zn0 - 100%); Cu (65.0 ± 1.2 nm, phase composition: Cu0 - 100%)] were incorporated into a polymer coating about 10 microns thick, consisting of Na-carboxymethyl cellulose (Na-CMC) and polyethylene glycol-400 (PEG-400), with a dye rhodamine 6G (Rh6G). We developed and studied polymer compositions as with individual NPs in concentrations 10-4% - 10-10% and their combinations. To compare effects of NPs with metal ions, we tested polymer film coating with metal sulfates in equivalent amounts. Pre-sowing treatment of barley seeds with metal NPs or metal ions in the polymer coating affected germination, fresh green and root mass (FM and RM) of seedlings. Film thickness was less than 10% of the caryopsis shell. The surface of seeds treated with the polymer composition was uniform. The defects and irregularities were smoothed. There were no significant differences in the endosperm structure on sections of the treated and control samples. Iron, zinc and copper NPs composition at 10-8%, 10-4% and 10-8% concentrations were the best in laboratory experiments. In the field trials, it stimulated barley crop yields and decreased the moisture content of the bunker grain compared with the control.

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