scholarly journals Does verbatim sentence recall underestimate the language competence of near-native speakers?

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith Schweppe ◽  
Sandra Barth ◽  
Almut Ketzer-Nöltge ◽  
Ralf Rummer
Keyword(s):  
Native Speakers ◽  
Language Competence ◽  
Sentence Recall

scholarly journals ANALYZING COMPLAINTS BY INDONESIAN EFL SPEAKERS

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Anna Marietta Da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Language Learners ◽  
English Language ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Initial Period ◽  
Pragmatic Competence ◽  
Language Competence ◽  
Efl Learners ◽  
Grammatical Competence ◽  
Pragmatic Transfer ◽  
Native Speakers Of English

The English language competence of an EFL learner can be reflectedin his pragmatic competence. Yet, for language learners and teachers a mastery of the pragmatic competence may unconsciously be neglected. In other words, it may not be taught in line with the grammatical competence since the initial period of learning. The article centers on two problems: (1) the similarities and differences of speech act of complaints among Indonesian EFL learners, Indonesian EFL teachers and American native speakers, and (2) the evidence of any pragmatic transfer in the complaint performance. DCT was used to gather the data, which was then analyzed using Rinnert, Nogami and Iwai?s aspects of complaining (2006). It was found that there were both differences and similarities of complaints performed by both the native and non-native speakers of English when power and social status were involved. Some evidence on pragmatic transfer was also tangible; mainly it was due to cultural differences

Interpreters’ perceived characteristics and perception of quality in interpreting

Interpreting ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-55
Author(s):  
Andrew K. F. Cheung
Keyword(s):  
Mandarin Chinese ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
The Other ◽  
President Obama ◽  
Language Competence ◽  
Perception Of Quality ◽  
Standard Of Comparison ◽  
Quantitative Results

Abstract This study examined the link between listeners’ perceptions of the quality of interpretation and their beliefs about the interpreter. Two groups of Mandarin-speaking participants were shown a video of a speech by President Obama being interpreted into Mandarin Chinese by a non-native Mandarin-speaking interpreter. The participants in one group were shown a photo of a Chinese-looking man alongside the video and those in the other group were shown a photo of a non-Chinese-looking man. The quantitative results showed that those who believed they were listening to a non-Chinese interpreter judged the interpretation more positively than those who believed they were listening to a Chinese interpreter. The qualitative results showed that the participants in the non-Chinese condition attributed the non-native features of the interpretation to the interpreter’s being a foreigner, and that they naturally used the language competence of non-native speakers as the standard of comparison. In this case, the participants’ perceptions of quality could also be explained by the interpreter’s perceived association with a highly esteemed group in China, and his ability to interpret into Chinese generated a sense of national self-esteem among the participants. Overall, the findings show that factors other than the features identifiable in an interpretation can influence the perception of quality of interpretation.

Missionary Language Learning in a World Hierarchy of Languages

1994 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 481-488
Author(s):  
William A. Smalley
Keyword(s):  
Language Learning ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Language Competence ◽  
The People ◽  
The World ◽  
Native Speakers Of English ◽  
English Speaking

Languages are organized into a hierarchy of multilingualism based on patterns of learning and use. Native speakers of English, at the top of the hierarchy, find the popularity of English to be convenient. However, it is also detrimental to the work of English-speaking missionaries, as many are inhibited by hierarchical assumptions from gaining the level of skill which they need in the languages of the people to whom they want to minister. Missionary language competence therefore seems to be decreasing throughout the world as English increases, and only conversion of the typical Anglo missionary worldview can reverse the decline.

The Acquisition of New Word Formation Processes in Second Language Acquisition

1987 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elite Olshtain
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Second Language Acquisition ◽  
Language Acquisition ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Target Language ◽  
Language Competence ◽  
Advanced Level ◽  
Intermediate Students ◽  
Evaluation Task

This paper focuses on the acquisition of new word formation devices in the target language as an indication of near-native competence at the advanced level of second language acquisition. The study reported here is based on data collected via written questionnaires consisting of three parts: (a) a production task requiring respondents to suggest innovations for nouns that have not been named in the existing lexicon; (b) an evaluation task requiring respondents to select the most appropriate innovation; (c) an interpretation task requiring respondents to interpret innovative blends. The questionnaires were administered to native speakers of Hebrew (the target language) and to two groups of learners, one advanced and the other intermediate. The findings show that the advanced group has reached a level of target language competence that enables them to produce and evaluate innovations in ways that approximate native speakers' responses, whereas the intermediate students deviate considerably from target level competence. The acquisition of word formation devices in the target language is presented as a gradual acquisition process.

scholarly journals Iktisāb al-Lugah al-‘Arabiyyah min al-Bī`ah al-Iṣṭinā’iyyah bi Jāmi’ah Maulānā Mālik Ibrāhῑm Malang

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-87
Author(s):  
Uril Bahruddin ◽  
Syuhadak Syuhadak ◽  
Sutaman Sutaman
Keyword(s):  
Language Acquisition ◽  
Learning Strategy ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Arabic Language ◽  
Skill Learning ◽  
Language Competence ◽  
Scientific Papers ◽  
Language Environment ◽  
Effective Use

Language environment has been used as an Arabic learning strategy. However, not every strategy is successful in improving Arabic language competence. This article aimed at understanding: (1) the phenomenon of the establishment of Arabic language environment in higher education, and (2) the contribution of Arabic language environment in improving language competence through the language acquisition process. So far, these aspects were neglected in previous studies. This research used a qualitative approach with a case study model. Data were collected through interviews, observation and documentation. They were analyzed in detail since the beginning of collection, description and reduction, and verification. The results showed that the establishment of language environment at UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang was carried out by establishing student dormitories, native speakers and student activity forums such as Arabic camp, public lectures, debates, discussions, public speaking, learning outside the classroom and competition. The influence of the Arabic language environment on the language acquisition is indicated by the students' speaking ability after 6 months of learning Arabic, participation in Arabic competition, writing Arabic scientific papers, and using Arabic in learning meetings. In conclusion, it turns out that the establishment of an Arabic language environment can be carried out in universities and can improve Arabic language competence. This article provided suggestions for effective use of the Arabic language environment as a language skill learning strategy.

scholarly journals FACTORS INFLUENCING THE COMPREHENSION OF CONVERSATIONAL IMPLICATURES BY NATIVE AND NON-NATIVE SPEAKERS OF ENGLISH: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY INSPIRED BY BOUTON’S (1988)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alisa-Anastasiia Kavetska
Keyword(s):  
Native Speakers ◽  
Cultural Background ◽  
Choice Test ◽  
Conversational Implicature ◽  
Language Competence ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Digital Version ◽  
Second Language Speakers ◽  
Native Speakers Of English ◽  
Linguistic Backgrounds

The main goal of the present study has been to examine implicature comprehension in native and foreign/second language speakers of English from different linguistic backgrounds. The project was inspired by an earlier work of Bouton (1988), whose objective was to measure the influence of cultural background on the ability to grasp implied meanings in English, by comparing native and non-native speakers' performance. A modified digital version of the original multiple-choice test (Bouton 1988) was used to collect the data. Gricean (1989) theory of conversational implicature served as a theoretical framework for the study. The quantitative analysis of the data collected from the speakers of 33 languages was compared against the original results and the scope of the analysis was expanded to incorporate the examination of other factors affecting implicature understanding in native and nonnative languages. The present results corroborate some of the earlier findings and suggest that language competence and cultural background are crucial factors in understanding implicated meanings.

scholarly journals Native Speaker vs Vernacular Speaker: Assessing Foreigners’ Language Competence

2021 ◽  
pp. 50-60
Author(s):  
Viktoryia A. Mar’yanchik ◽  
◽  
Anastasiya S. Onegina
Keyword(s):  
Native Speakers ◽  
Native Speaker ◽  
Language Game ◽  
Language Competence ◽  
Normative Documents ◽  
Ideal Language ◽  
The Status ◽  
Language User ◽  
Basic Characteristics ◽  
Two Stages

This article deals with an important issue in the field of language policy, i.e. determining the status of a “non-ideal” language user as a native speaker. The material includes: a) records of the speech of people participating in an official interview to confirm their status as a native speaker; b) regulatory framework that defines the content of the “native speaker” term. The authors focus on vernacular and dialect speakers for whom Russian is the only or main system of verbal communication. The article proves the linguodidactic criteria listed in the normative documents to be invalid. The authors identify speech facts that formally prevent a person from qualifying as a native speaker but, within the sociolinguistic approach, do not exclude him/her as a linguistic personality from the circle of Russian native speakers. Further, a standard methodological prototype of speech personality “native speaker” appropriate for linguodidactic testing is modelled. The authors describe the experience of evaluating language (speech) competence using criteria scales within the framework of the level approach. Based on the material of one script, features of the speech of the “non-ideal” language user are singled out and a model of competence assessment by correlation with the “native speaker” prototype is presented. This technology includes two stages: 1) identification of speech facts that lie outside the scope of the literary norm; 2) identification of the basic characteristics of a native speaker within the framework of the sociolinguistic and functional approaches. The authors consider knowledge of precedent texts (on the social and national levels), proficiency in the language system, including its sub-standard forms (vernacular and dialect) and knowledge of the usage to be the main characteristics of a native speaker. In addition, the authors list accentuating discursive means that are typical of the speech of native speakers: rhetorical questions, metatextual reflexive questions, synonymic correction of naming units, etiquette correction of appellatives, language-game, etc. The results can be used to develop uniform criteria for evaluating language (speech) competencies during interviews with foreign citizens and stateless persons.

Media Competence As a Part of Students’ Language Competence

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 47-49
Author(s):  
Ковригина ◽  
A. Kovrigina
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Foreign Languages ◽  
Critical Approach ◽  
Language Competence ◽  
Modern Education ◽  
Communication Situations ◽  
Media Texts

In this article we examine the notions of media competence and media critics, which means a critical approach to mass media texts, from the point of view of the needs of modern education not only for native speakers, but also for students of foreign languages practicing with mass media material. Special attention is paid to the question of students’ preparation to real communication situations in Internet space. Strategies are proposed for teachers to work with students in order to contribute to the development of media competence.

Oral Approach Avoidance

2019 ◽  
Vol 66 (5) ◽  
pp. 355-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Godinho ◽  
Margarida V. Garrido ◽  
Oleksandr V. Horchak
Keyword(s):  
Native Speakers ◽  
Writing System ◽  
Oral Movements ◽  
Motivational States ◽  
Oral Approach ◽  
Approach Avoidance ◽  
Abstract Words ◽  
European Family

Abstract. Words whose articulation resembles ingestion movements are preferred to words mimicking expectoration movements. This so-called in-out effect, suggesting that the oral movements caused by consonantal articulation automatically activate concordant motivational states, was already replicated in languages belonging to Germanic (e.g., German and English) and Italic (e.g., Portuguese) branches of the Indo-European family. However, it remains unknown whether such preference extends to the Indo-European branches whose writing system is based on the Cyrillic rather than Latin alphabet (e.g., Ukrainian), or whether it occurs in languages not belonging to the Indo-European family (e.g., Turkish). We replicated the in-out effect in two high-powered experiments ( N = 274), with Ukrainian and Turkish native speakers, further supporting an embodied explanation for this intriguing preference.

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