scholarly journals Communicative Functions in Children Raised in Three Different Social Contexts in Colombia: The Key Issue of Joint Attention

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayilín Moreno ◽  
Evelyne Thommen ◽  
Elianne Morán ◽  
Michèle Guidetti
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Joint Attention ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
South American ◽  
Behavior Regulation ◽  
Communicative Functions ◽  
Sociocultural Experiences ◽  
Si Joint ◽  
And Behavior

Children’s sociocultural experiences vary around the world. Colombia is a South American country where the differences between socioeconomic statuses (SES) are huge. In this study, through the ECSP-E Scale, translated to Spanish and validated for linguistic and cultural equivalence, the development of three communicative functions was evaluated through an interactive sociopragmatic approach. The participants comprised 36 24-month-old children, raised in three different social contexts in Colombia, with the goal of comparing them across groups of SES. The lowest SES group sample subjects were representative of extreme poverty and members of an ethnic group, the Wayuú. Results for the communicative functions, namely social interaction (SI), joint attention (JA), and behavior regulation (BR), showed that the only function with no significant differences across SES was joint attention. This supports the hypothesis that the development of this function may be universal, in light of the fact that the Wayuú not only differed from other subjects in terms of their socioeconomic status but also in their culture. Higher SES was related to better social interaction, while Low SES was associated with better behavior regulation than their High SES peers. Consequently, results are discussed considering socioeconomic and cultural differences in the development of communication and social interactions, leading us to reexamine the paradigms, theories, and practices that are used when observing children raised in very poor environments.

scholarly journals Development of Communicative Functions in Normal Persian-speaking Children from 12 to 18 Months of Age: A Longitudinal Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 220-235
Author(s):  
Zahra Babaei ◽  
◽  
Talieh Zarifian ◽  
Atieh Ashtari ◽  
Enayatolah Bakhshi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Joint Attention ◽  
Social Participation ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Behavior Regulation ◽  
Mean Frequency ◽  
Communicative Function ◽  
Communicative Functions ◽  
The Mean

Objective: Communication can affect the personal and social life of people. According to International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF), communication is one of the most important components of social participation and can have different functions such as behavior regulation (regulating the behavior of others to achieve a particular goal), social interaction (drawing attention of others to the self) and joint attention (attracting the attention of others to an event or particular object). Having knowledge of the development of communicative functions is so important in assessment, diagnosis, prognosis, and early intervention. Despite the importance and effect of communicative functions in language and communication development, no study has been conducted yet that examines the communicative function development of normal Persian-speaking toddlers. The purpose of this study was to investigate the development of communicative functions in normal Persian-speaking children from 12 to 18 months of age, regardless of communicative expressions (such as gestures, vocalization, and words). Materials & Methods: This is a longitudinal observational study. The communicative function of 11 monolingual Persian-speaking 12-month-old children (7 boys and 4 girls) living in Tehran, Iran was investigated for 7 months. Sampling was done by using purposive and snowball non-probability sampling methods. All children had healthy medical history and normal growth, were from a family with a moderate socioeconomic status, and their parents had at least a high school diploma. The participants’ developmental status was assessed by Ages and Stages Questionnaire. A demographic form with acceptable content validity was also used to determine their demographic characteristics. For 7 months (once a month, each session for one hour), the examiner filmed the child-mother interaction during a semi-structured play with a set of toys at the child’s home. Afterwards, the recorded videos were coded according by the researcher and then entered into the SPSS V. 22 software. Descriptive statistics including mean and standard deviation were used to describe the data. The Shapiro-Wilk test was used to determine the normality of data distribution, and repeated measures ANOVA (within-subject comparison) was used to analyze the data. Two raters were taught about the coding and rating of the communicative functions. To verify the validity of the data coding, 20% of the recorded samples were given to them to code communicative functions. The coding validity was determined by calculating the Intra-class Correlation Coefficient (ICC). Results: The mean frequency of behavior regulation and social interaction was constant from 12 to 18 months of age (P<0.05), while the mean frequency of joint attention was constant from 12 to 15 months of age (P<0.05) and then significantly increased at months 16 (P= 0.019), 17 (P= 0.023) and 18 (P= 0.003) compared to the 12th month. The ICC value as the criterion for coding validity was reported 90%. Conclusion: The mean frequency of joint attention increased significantly from 12 to 18 months of age, while it was constant for behavior regulation and social interaction. Our findings are consistent with the ICF’s social participation, stating that a child uses a particular type of communicative function to increase its participation in the society.

Digital Pollution and Its Impact on the Family and Social Interactions

2021 ◽  
pp. 0192513X2098555
Author(s):  
Shiv Ratan Agrawal
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Critical Dimensions ◽  
Digital Devices ◽  
The Family ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Potential Negative Effect ◽  
Human Attitude ◽  
Impact On Family ◽  
And Behavior

The present study was an attempt to identify the most prevailing means of digital devices and its impact as digital pollution on family and social interactions. Despite the obvious benefits of digital devices, in recent years researchers have taken more concern about its potential negative effect on human attitude and behavior, which in turn affects our society. A total of 613 usable responses were collected from Bangalore, India of excessive users of digital devices, such as a smartphone, computer/laptop, and television. All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 23.0, AMOS 23.0, and SmartPLS 3.0. The results indicated that as the use of smartphone and computer/laptop increases, levels of digital pollution also increase, which in turn significantly triggers unfavorable impact on family and social interactions. The study indicated that digital pollution appears as an important predictor, which significantly affects social interaction unfavorably. The present study explored the various critical dimensions within this domain and delineated gaps in our knowledge of digital pollution. It was found that smartphones are more responsible for digital pollution among all the identified digital devices, followed by computer/laptop.

scholarly journals Evolving intentions for social interaction: from entrainment to joint action

2008 ◽  
Vol 363 (1499) ◽  
pp. 2021-2031 ◽  
Author(s):  
Günther Knoblich ◽  
Natalie Sebanz
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Joint Attention ◽  
Joint Action ◽  
Perception And Action ◽  
Intentional Action ◽  
Cultural Learning ◽  
Interpersonal Processes ◽  
Self And Other ◽  
Blind Individuals

This article discusses four different scenarios to specify increasingly complex mechanisms that enable increasingly flexible social interactions. The key dimension on which these mechanisms differ is the extent to which organisms are able to process other organisms' intentions and to keep them apart from their own. Drawing on findings from ecological psychology, scenario 1 focuses on entrainment and simultaneous affordance in ‘intentionally blind’ individuals. Scenario 2 discusses how an interface between perception and action allows observers to simulate intentional action in others. Scenario 3 is concerned with shared perceptions, arising through joint attention and the ability to distinguish between self and other. Scenario 4 illustrates how people could form intentions to act together while simultaneously distinguishing between their own and the other's part of a joint action. The final part focuses on how combining the functionality of the four mechanisms can explain different forms of social interactions. It is proposed that basic interpersonal processes are put to service by more advanced functions that support the type of intentionality required to engage in joint action, cultural learning, and communication.

scholarly journals Joint attention and word learning in Ngas-speaking toddlers in Nigeria

2007 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
JANE B. CHILDERS ◽  
JULIE VAUGHAN ◽  
DONALD A. BURQUEST
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Language Development ◽  
Joint Attention ◽  
Word Learning ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Rural Village ◽  
Nigerian Children ◽  
Noun Bias ◽  
High Level

This study examines infants' joint attention behavior and language development in a rural village in Nigeria. Participants included eight younger (1;0 to 1;5, M age=1;2) and eight older toddlers (1;7 to 2;7, M age=2;1). Joint attention behaviors in social interaction contexts were recorded and coded at two time points six months apart. Analyses revealed that these toddlers were producing more high-level joint attention behaviors than less complex behaviors. In addition, the quality and quantity of behaviors produced by these Nigerian children was similar to those found in other cultures. In analyses of children's noun and verb comprehension and production (in relation to the number of nouns or verbs on a parental checklist), parents reported proportionally more verbs than nouns, perhaps because Ngas has some linguistic characteristics that are similar to languages in which a noun bias is not seen (e.g. Mandarin Chinese). An examination of the interrelations of joint attention and language development revealed that joint attention behaviors were related to both noun and verb development at different times. The set of results is important for understanding the emergence of joint attention in traditional cultures, the comprehension and production of nouns and verbs given the specific linguistic properties of a language, and the importance that early social contexts may have for language development.

scholarly journals The role of state feelings of loneliness in the situational regulation of social affiliative behavior: Exploring the regulatory relations within a multilevel framework

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. e0252775
Author(s):  
Andreas Reissmann ◽  
Ewelina Stollberg ◽  
Joachim Hauser ◽  
Ivo Kaunzinger ◽  
Klaus W. Lange
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Social Engagement ◽  
Social Contact ◽  
Spillover Effects ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Affiliative Behavior ◽  
Social Affiliation ◽  
Quadratic Effects

Previous empirical evidence suggests that the engagement in social interactions across different everyday contexts occurs in a manner highly responsive to a person’s social affiliation needs. As has been shown repeatedly, social engagement (as well as disengagement) can be predicted from earlier situational need states, implying that homeostatic principles underlie a person’s social affiliative behaviors. However, little is known about the role of emotion in these regulative processes. For this reason, the present exploratory study investigated the predictive role of state feelings of loneliness in subsequent engagement in social interaction. Since loneliness is conceptually associated with both the need to reaffiliate as well as self-protecting tendencies potentially hindering engagement in social contact, the study investigated the possibility of both increases and decreases in social contacts resulting from state feelings of loneliness. Adopting an experience sampling methodology (ESM), a sample of 65 participants was recruited from a local university and was followed for 14 days. Subjects were prompted several times a day to rate their feeling states and the quantity of social interactions, using a fixed interval assessment schedule. Statistical analyses using multilevel analysis indicated that state feelings of loneliness had complex quadratic effects upon subsequent social interaction, leading to both increases and decreases in subsequent social interaction. Moreover, these effects were contingent upon previous engagement in social interaction, implying spillover effects across social contexts that are conditionally mediated by feelings of loneliness. These findings clearly imply an important, albeit complex role of state feelings of loneliness in the regulation of social affiliation, both as a predictor and a consequence of social interaction. These exploratory findings are discussed against the background of methodological and conceptual limitations, and several recommendations for future studies are made.

EXPRESS: Remembered Together: Social interaction facilitates retrieval while reducing individuation of features within bound representations.

2021 ◽  
pp. 174702182110564
Author(s):  
Tim Vestner ◽  
Jonathan Flavell ◽  
Richard Cook ◽  
Steven Tipper
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Joint Attention ◽  
Automatic Detection ◽  
Strategic Processing ◽  
Binding Process ◽  
Individual Features ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Individual Objects

When encountering social scenes, there appears to be rapid and automatic detection of social interactions. Representations of interacting people appear to be bound together via a mechanism of joint attention, which results in enhanced memory, even when participants are unaware that memory is required. However, even though access is facilitated for socially bound representations, we predicted that the individual features of these representations are less efficiently encoded, and features can therefore migrate between the constituent interacting individuals. This was confirmed in Experiment 1, where overall memory for interacting compared to non-interacting dyads was facilitated but binding of features within an individual was weak, resulting in feature migration errors. Experiment 2 demonstrated the role of conscious strategic processing, where participants were aware that memory would be tested. With such awareness, attention can be focused on individual objects allowing the binding of features. The results support an account of two forms of processing: An initial automatic social binding process where interacting individuals are represented as one episode in memory facilitating access; and a further stage where attention can be focused on each individual enabling the binding of features within individual objects.

scholarly journals The Social Interaction Ability of Early Age Children was Reviewed from The Lifestyle of Parents 'Hedonism

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-60
Author(s):  
Meidika Bana Klolida Hanum ◽  
Lita Latiana
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Simple Linear Regression ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
The Social ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Modern Era ◽  
Research Type

A lively lifestyle found in the modern era is the lifestyle of hedonism. Such a lifestyle is also among parents, seen from the high lifestyle of parents who follow the trend that is famous or booming as much as 71.875%, these parents have an idol or a reference in appearance and behavior. The purpose of this study is that parents pay more attention to their own behavior in order to provide the best examples for children, especially in the development of children's social interactions with their environment, so as to create a good personality in children. This research is a quantitative research type with research subjects of children aged 5-6 years as many as 120 children and is supported by the data of parents of children totaling 120 people in KB-TK HJ. Istriati Baiturahman 2 Semarang. Data collection techniques in this study are using a questionnaire with a scale of children's social interaction abilities, and the lifestyle scale of parental hedonism, while data analysis techniques use simple linear regression. The hypothesis of this study is that there is an influence of parental hedoniseme lifestyle on the social interaction abilities of children aged 5-6 years at KB-TK Hj. Istriati Baiturrahman 2 Semarang.The results of the study are based on statistical calculations, it can be concluded that there is a significant influence on the lifestyle of parental hedonism on children's negative social interaction abilities so that the hypothesis is accepted. The lifestyle of parental hedonism contributed 38.4% to the social interaction ability of children aged 5-6 years at KB-TK HJ. Istriati Baiturahman 2 Semarang.

scholarly journals Social Interaction on Patients with Schizophrenia in Psychiatric Hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
CECILIA INDRI KURNIASARI
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Psychiatric Hospital ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Behavior Observation ◽  
The Social ◽  
And Behavior

Social interaction is one of important indicator in the recovery process of mental patients, especially in patients with schizophrenia. Active social interactions can help patients with schizophrenia to socialize, while less active social interactions can cause social isolation to the risk of suicide. The purpose of this study was to determine the social interaction of patients with schizophrenia in psychiatric hospital. The number of participant in this study were 52 patients. Sampling with a purposive sampling technique. Data were collected using Social Interaction Questionnaire and Behavior Observation Sheet consisting of 18 statements. The analysis of this study was using univariate analysis with table of frequency distribution. The results showed that social interactions in schizophrenia patients were 45 patients with less active interacting categories, 5 patients with moderately active interacting categories, and 2 patients with active interacting categories. The results of the study can be used as a reference in determining appropriate nursing therapy in increasing social interaction in schizophrenia patients in mental hospitalsKeywords: social interaction; social psychological factors; schizophrenia;

Enhancement of flexible cognition in autism

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S383-S383
Author(s):  
C. Varanda ◽  
F.D.M. Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Cognitive Flexibility ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Perseverative Errors ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Larger Sample

Autism is defined by qualitative deficits in communication, social interaction and restricted patterns of interests and behavior. There are also reported difficulties in the dynamic activation and modification of cognitive processes in response to changes in tasks demands. It is assumed that poor flexible cognition is related to those difficulties. This research aimed to assess and intervene in cognitive flexibility in subjects with autism.Ten subjects diagnosed with autism by psychiatrists, aged 5y to 13y5m, were assessed in cognitive flexibility through WCST in pretest and in patterns of social interactions, behaviors and communication through ADI-R. An intervention program with 14 to 21 sessions designed to enhance cognitive flexibility through activities of local coherence inference, constructive praxis, attentional shifting, inhibitory control, besides drama games after reading stories. In posttest, they were assessed in WCST and ADI-R. Raw scores of categories completed and perseverative errors and responses were used.Regarding flexible cognition, perseverative errors and responses were lower in posttest (P = 0.028). Categories completed were improved in posttest (P = 0.049). Total scores on ADI-R were lower in posttest (P = 0.051) and as well as scores on communication abilities (P = 0.033).The qualitative improvement showed by the individuals of this research concerning flexible cognition and also patterns of restricted behavior, social interaction and communication abilities suggests that individuals with autism can benefit from the development of strategies for the rehabilitation of flexible cognition and more research is suggested with a larger sample among subjects on the autism spectrum.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Word meaning, cognitive development, and social interaction

2001 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 1106-1106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison F. Garton
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Cognitive Development ◽  
Theory Of Mind ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Word Meaning ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Word Meanings ◽  
Cognitive Capacities ◽  
The Social

This review proposes that Bloom's linkage of word meaning with more general cognitive capacities could be extended through examination of the social contexts in which children learn. Specifically, the child's developing theory of mind can be viewed as part of the process by which children learn word meanings through engagement in social interactions that facilitate both language and strategic behaviours.

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