scholarly journals Alcohol, Aggression, and Violence: From Public Health to Neuroscience

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kajol V. Sontate ◽  
Mohammad Rahim Kamaluddin ◽  
Isa Naina Mohamed ◽  
Rashidi Mohamed Pakri Mohamed ◽  
Mohd. Farooq Shaikh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Emotional Processing ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Violent Crimes ◽  
Intoxicated Aggression ◽  
Neurochemical Changes ◽  
And Gender

Alcohol has been associated with violent crimes and domestic violence across many nations. Various etiological factors were linked to chronic alcohol use and violence including psychiatric comorbidities of perpetrators such as personality disorders, mood disorders, and intermittent explosive disorders. Aggression is the precursor of violence and individuals prone to aggressive behaviors are more likely to commit impulsive violent crimes, especially under the influence of alcohol. Findings from brain studies indicate long-term alcohol consumption induced morphological changes in brain regions involved in self-control, decision-making, and emotional processing. In line with this, the inherent dopaminergic and serotonergic anomalies seen in aggressive individuals increase their susceptibility to commit violent crimes when alcohol present in their system. In relation to this, this article intends to investigate the influence of alcohol on aggression with sociopsychological and neuroscientific perspectives by looking into comorbidity of personality or mood disorders, state of the mind during alcohol consumption, types of beverages, environmental trigger, neurochemical changes, and gender differences that influence individual responses to alcohol intake and susceptibility to intoxicated aggression.

Initiation and continuation of best friends and adolescents’ alcohol consumption: Do self-esteem and self-control function as moderators?

2010 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 406-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helle Larsen ◽  
Geertjan Overbeek ◽  
Ad A. Vermulst ◽  
Isabela Granic ◽  
Rutger C. M. E. Engels
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Control Function ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Adolescent Drinking ◽  
Best Friends ◽  
Longitudinal Associations ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Over Time

In this three-wave longitudinal survey, we investigated bi-directional longitudinal associations between best friends and adolescents’ alcohol consumption. Additionally, since the relation between best friends and adolescents’ drinking may be stronger if adolescents have not consumed alcohol yet, we examined this relation not only with regard to continuation but also with regard to the initiation of adolescent drinking. We also hypothesized that low levels of self-esteem and self-control in youths would be related to a higher susceptibility to the impact of their best friends’ drinking. Data were used from 433 adolescents and their best friends. Results of SEM analyses did not provide evidence for bi-directional associations between best friends and adolescents’ alcohol use over time. Nevertheless, the results of additional growth curve analyses indicated that adolescents and best friends’ drinking does seem to develop in a similar fashion over time. Adolescents’ self-esteem, self-control, and gender did not moderate longitudinal associations between best friends and adolescents’ drinking. The discussion focuses on methodological and theoretical explanations for the absence of significant longitudinal relations between best friends and adolescents’ drinking.

Race and gender differences in attitudes toward help seeking among marginalized young adults with mood disorders: A mixed-methods investigation.

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 277-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah C. Narendorf ◽  
Michelle R. Munson ◽  
Shelly Ben-David ◽  
Andrea R. Cole ◽  
Lionel D. Scott
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
And Gender

scholarly journals Disrupted metabolic connectivity in dopaminergic and cholinergic networks at different stages of dementia from 18F-FDG PET brain persistent homology network

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tun-Wei Hsu ◽  
Jong-Ling Fuh ◽  
Da-Wei Wang ◽  
Li-Fen Chen ◽  
Chia-Jung Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Algebraic Topology ◽  
Fdg Pet ◽  
Persistent Homology ◽  
Network Connectivity ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Imaging Data ◽  
Cholinergic Pathways ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Metabolic Connectivity ◽  
Neurochemical Changes

AbstractDementia is related to the cellular accumulation of β-amyloid plaques, tau aggregates, or α-synuclein aggregates, or to neurotransmitter deficiencies in the dopaminergic and cholinergic pathways. Cellular and neurochemical changes are both involved in dementia pathology. However, the role of dopaminergic and cholinergic networks in metabolic connectivity at different stages of dementia remains unclear. The altered network organisation of the human brain characteristic of many neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders can be detected using persistent homology network (PHN) analysis and algebraic topology. We used 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (18F-FDG PET) imaging data to construct dopaminergic and cholinergic metabolism networks, and used PHN analysis to track the evolution of these networks in patients with different stages of dementia. The sums of the network distances revealed significant differences between the network connectivity evident in the Alzheimer’s disease and mild cognitive impairment cohorts. A larger distance between brain regions can indicate poorer efficiency in the integration of information. PHN analysis revealed the structural properties of and changes in the dopaminergic and cholinergic metabolism networks in patients with different stages of dementia at a range of thresholds. This method was thus able to identify dysregulation of dopaminergic and cholinergic networks in the pathology of dementia.

Bimodal transcranial direct current stimulation reduces alcohol consumption and induces long-term neurochemical changes in rats with neuropathic pain

2021 ◽  
pp. 136014
Author(s):  
Daniela Silva Santos ◽  
Liciane Fernandes Medeiros ◽  
Dirson João Stein ◽  
Isabel Cristina De Macedo ◽  
Diego Evandro Da Silva Rios ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neuropathic Pain ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Direct Current ◽  
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Neurochemical Changes

scholarly journals The Association between Dating Apps and Alcohol Consumption in an Italian Sample of Active Users, Former Users, and Non-Users

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 249
Author(s):  
Luca Flesia ◽  
Valentina Fietta ◽  
Carlo Foresta ◽  
Merylin Monaro
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dating Apps ◽  
Regular Consumption ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Relationship

To date, the relationship between alcohol use and dating app use has been investigated mostly in conjunction with sexual activities and in homosexual men. For this reason, the aim of this study was to explore the association between dating app use and alcohol consumption among the general population. A cross-sectional study was conducted including app users, non-users, and former users: 1278 respondents completed an online ad hoc questionnaire assessing dating app use, motivations for installing dating apps, alcohol use, and demographics. Multiple logistic regression analysis was run to investigate the association between dating app use, demographic features, and alcohol consumption. Whereas educational level, age, and gender significantly contributed to the regular consumption of alcohol, dating app use did not account for a significant amount of variance between regular and not regular drinkers. However, people who installed and used dating apps with the motivation of searching for sexual partners were more likely to be regular drinkers. Among the active users, heavy app users were less likely to drink regularly. The study indicates that underlying factors (sexual aspects, motives for using the apps) and the intensity of using the apps may mediate the relationship between dating app use and alcohol use.

scholarly journals Sex and gender differences in tobacco smoking among adolescents in French secondary schools

2016 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Kalaboka ◽  
J.P. Piau ◽  
G. King ◽  
D. Moreau ◽  
M. Choquet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Tobacco Smoking ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Smoking Behaviour ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Sex And Gender ◽  
Regular Smoker ◽  
Occasional Smoker ◽  
And Gender

Aim. We investigated the relationship between sex (genetic/biological) and gender (environmental/ cultural) factors in relation to adolescent tobacco smoking. Methods. A representative sample of 11,582 students from French secondary public schools participated in the study by completing a self-administered, standardised questionnaire. Results. Using the WHO classification for smoking in the youth, 15.6% of the adolescents were regular smokers, 7.7% occasional smokers, 17.9% experimental smokers and 4.8% ex-smokers, with no statistically significant gender difference. Taking non-smoking as a reference, puberty had a much greater effect on the likelihood of being a regular smoker [OR=18.0 (95% Confidence Interval: 9.6- 32)] than of being an experimental/occasional smoker [OR=3.7 (2.9-4.6)] among girls. For boys, the effect of puberty was not as great [OR=4.7 (3.5-6.5)] for regular vs. [OR=2.1 (1.8-2.5)] for experimental/occasional smokers). Similarly, illicit drug use had a larger effect on the likelihood of being regular smoker vs. non-smoker [OR=15.0 (12.0-20.0) in boys and 12 (8.8-16.0) in girls] than of being experimental/occasional smoker vs. a non-smoker [OR=4.8 (3.7-6.1) and 2.9 (2.1-3.9) respectively]. Other factors related to regular smoking were exposure to passive smoking and regular alcohol consumption. Living with both parents was a protective factor for life and regular smoking in both genders. Conclusions. Our results show that influential factors of sex-related (puberty), gender-specific (environmental tobacco smoking, alcohol consumption, drug abuse) or sex/gender (regular sexual intercourse) are related to the smoking behaviour in French adolescents.

scholarly journals Self-Control and Implicit Drinking Identity as Predictors of Alcohol Consumption, Problems, and Cravings

2014 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 290-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristen P Lindgren ◽  
Clayton Neighbors ◽  
Erin Westgate ◽  
Elske Salemink
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Self Control
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document