scholarly journals Coding Public Health Interventions for Health Technology Assessments: A Pilot Experience With WHO's International Classification of Health Interventions (ICHI)

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus Wübbeler ◽  
Sebastian Geis ◽  
Jovana Stojanovic ◽  
Lise Elliott ◽  
Iñaki Gutierrez-Ibarluzea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Technology ◽  
International Classification ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Public Health Interventions ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Technologies ◽  
Prevention Interventions

Introduction: An important requirement for successful public health interventions is a standardized classification in order to make these health technologies comparable in all contexts and recognized by all parties. The WHO International Classification of Health Interventions (ICHI), including an integrated public health component, has been developed to propose such an international standard.Methods: To test (a) the translation of public health interventions to ICHI codes and (b) the technical handling and general coding in public health, we used a set of public health interventions from a recent cross-sectional survey among Health Technology Assessment professionals.Results: Our study showed that handling of the ICHI interface is stable, that there is a need for specificity and adequate detail of intervention descriptions and desired outcomes to code adequately with ICHI and that the professional background of the coder, as well as his/her sex might influence the selection of codes.Conclusion: International Classification of Health Interventions provides a good coverage of public health interventions. However, the broader character of system wide interventions, often involving a variety of institutions and stakeholders, may present a challenge to the application of ICHI coding. Based on this experience, we would tailor future surveys more specifically to the needs of the classification and we advise training for health professionals before coding with ICHI. Standards of reporting will likely strengthen insights about the efficiency of primary prevention interventions and thus benefit long-term health of populations and structured HTA reporting process.

scholarly journals The role of risk communication in public health interventions. An analysis of risk communication for a community quarantine in Germany to curb the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. e0256113
Author(s):  
Juliane Scholz ◽  
Wibke Wetzker ◽  
Annika Licht ◽  
Rainer Heintzmann ◽  
André Scherag ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Communication ◽  
Public Health Intervention ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Public Health Interventions ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Information Level ◽  
Public Health Authorities

Background Separating ill or possibly infectious people from their healthy community is one of the core principles of non-pharmaceutical interventions. However, there is scarce evidence on how to successfully implement quarantine orders. We investigated a community quarantine for an entire village in Germany (Neustadt am Rennsteig, March 2020) with the aim of better understanding the successful implementation of quarantine measures. Methods This cross-sectional survey was conducted in Neustadt am Rennsteig six weeks after the end of a 14-day mandatory community quarantine. The sample size consisted of 562 adults (64% of the community), and the response rate was 295 adults, or 52% (33% of the community). Findings National television was reported as the most important channel of information. Contact with local authorities was very limited, and partners or spouses played a more important role in sharing information. Generally, the self-reported information level was judged to be good (211/289 [73.0%]). The majority of participants (212/289 [73.4%]) approved of the quarantine, and the reported compliance was 217/289 (75.1%). A self-reported higher level of concern as well as a higher level of information correlated positively with both a greater acceptance of quarantine and self-reported compliant behaviour. Interpretation The community quarantine presented a rare opportunity to investigate a public health intervention for an entire community. In order to improve the implementation of public health interventions, public health risk communication activities should be intensified to increase both the information level (potentially leading to better compliance with community quarantine) and the communication level (to facilitate rapport and trust between public health authorities and their communities).

Sunburn Frequency and Risk and Protective Factors: A Cross-Sectional Survey (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hayley Braun ◽  
Colin H Adler ◽  
Michael Goodman ◽  
Howa Yeung
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Risk And Protective Factors ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Sporting Events ◽  
Public Health Interventions ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional

BACKGROUND Primary prevention of skin cancer is at the forefront of public health as morbidity and economic burden of this malignancy continue to grow. There are limited data on effective interventions to reduce sunburn frequency and modifiable risk factors. OBJECTIVE To determine an association between (1) demographic characteristics and outdoor sunburn frequency and (2) sunburn frequency and sun-related behaviors. METHODS Of the 23,430 surveys sent out, 4,883 participants reported sunburn-related data in the National Cancer Institute Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS) 5 Cycle 3, a nationally representative, cross-sectional household survey. Association between frequency of sunburns within the last 12 months and demographic, risk, and protective factors were examined using Rao-Scott chi-square test. When assessing demographic factors, potential confounding was addressed using multivariable analysis. RESULTS In multivariable models, respondents more likely to report any sunburn were younger than 35 (ages 35-64 Odds Ratio (OR) (95% Confidence Interval CI): 0.43 (0.30-0.61); ages 65+ OR (95% CI): 0.12 (0.07-0.16)) and non-Hispanic white ethnicity (Non-Hispanic Black or Other OR (95% CI): 0.19 (0.13-0.30); Hispanic OR (95% CI): 0.48 (0.32-0.72)). Respondents with higher income were more likely to report any sunburn (OR (95% CI): 2.58 (1.78-3.76)), but less likely to sunburn frequently (OR (95% CI): 0.26 (0.12-0.56)). Females were less likely to report frequent sunburns than males (OR (95% CI): 0.56 (0.34-0.94)). Engagement in sporting events (P =.04), outdoor events (P=.04), and day-to-day activities (P<.001) during the most recent sunburn was more commonly reported by those with frequent sunburns as compared with those with infrequent sunburns while no difference was found in protective factors or alcohol use. CONCLUSIONS Public health interventions to prevent sunburns should target specific higher risk demographics during time spent outdoors, sporting events, and other day-to-day activities. Further insight into risk and protective behaviors for those who did not burn for comparison could be useful to further guide public health interventions.

Health Technology Assessment of Public Health Interventions Published 2012 to 2016: An Analysis of Characteristics and Comparison of Methods

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 280-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Polus ◽  
Tim Mathes ◽  
Corinna Klingler ◽  
Melanie Messer ◽  
Ansgar Gerhardus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Health Technology ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Economic Evaluations ◽  
Public Health Interventions ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Cultural Aspects

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of this study was to provide an overview of the methodological characteristics and compare the assessment methods applied in health technology assessments (HTAs) of public health interventions (PHIs).MethodsWe defined a PHI as a population-based intervention on health promotion or for primary prevention of chronic or nonchronic diseases. HTAs on PHIs were identified by systematically searching the Web pages of members of international HTA networks. We included only full HTA reports published between 2012 and 2016. Two reviewers extracted data on the methods used to assess effectiveness/safety, as well as on economic, social, cultural, ethical, and legal aspects using a-priori standardized tables.ResultsWe included ten HTAs provided by four different organizations. Of these, all reports assessed the effectiveness of the interventions and conducted economic evaluations, seven investigated social/cultural aspects, and four each considered legal and ethical aspects, respectively. Some reports addressed applicability, context/setting, and intervention fidelity issues in different ways. We found that most HTAs adapted their methods to some extent, for example, by including nonrandomized studies, expanding the search strategy, involving stakeholders, or applying a framework to guide the HTA process.ConclusionsOur analysis provides a comprehensive overview of methods applied in HTAs on public health interventions. We found that a heterogeneous set of approaches is used to deal with the challenges of evaluating complex public health interventions.

scholarly journals Evaluating Public Health Interventions: A Neglected Area in Health Technology Assessment

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jovana Stojanovic ◽  
Markus Wübbeler ◽  
Sebastian Geis ◽  
Eva Reviriego ◽  
Iñaki Gutiérrez-Ibarluzea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Technology Assessment ◽  
Technology Assessment ◽  
Health Technology ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Public Health Interventions

Pattern and correlates of public support for public health interventions to reduce the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (17) ◽  
pp. 3270-3280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ariane Bélanger-Gravel ◽  
Sophie Desroches ◽  
Isidora Janezic ◽  
Marie-Claude Paquette ◽  
Philippe De Wals
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Public Support ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Mobile Telephone ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Perceived Effectiveness ◽  
Public Health Interventions ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Cross Sectional

AbstractObjective:To examine the pattern and correlates of public support for twelve public health interventions aimed at reducing sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption.Design:Cross-sectional population-based survey. Respondents were recruited using a random digit dialling procedure (landline telephone) and a random selection of telephone numbers (mobile telephone). Sampling quotas were applied for age, and the sample was stratified according to administrative regions.Setting:The province of Québec, Canada.Subjects:One thousand adults aged between 18 and 64 years and able to answer the survey questionnaire in French or English.Results:Support was observed for a number of public health interventions, but the more intrusive approaches were less supported. Support for taxation as well as for sale and access restriction was positively associated with the perceived relevance of the government intervention, perceived effectiveness, and perceived associations between SSB consumption and chronic diseases. Believing that SSB consumption is a personal choice and daily consumption were generally negatively associated with strong support and positively associated with strong opposition. Sparse associations between sociodemographic and socio-economic characteristics were observed, with the exception of sex and age: women were generally more likely to support the examined public health strategies, while younger respondents were less likely to express support.Conclusions:Increasing perceived effectiveness and government responsibility for addressing the issue of SSB consumption could lead to increased support for SSB interventions. Increasing the belief that SSB consumption could be associated with chronic diseases would increase support, but SSB consumers and younger individuals are expected to be resistant.

scholarly journals Individual preparedness for natural disasters: a cross-sectional study from Portugal

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
R Ferreira ◽  
C Rodrigues ◽  
P Correia-Santos ◽  
M Moreira ◽  
S Silva
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Perception ◽  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Public Health Interventions ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Low Level ◽  
12Th Grade

Abstract Background Individual preparedness is critical in mitigating the adverse effect of natural disasters (ND). Factors influencing preparedness are complex and multifaceted, with certain groups having different needs and vulnerabilities. We aimed to explore the factors associated with individual ND preparedness in residents from Vila Nova Gaia (VNG), Portugal. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in VNG, Portugal, in January 2020 (N = 192; ≥18 years). Data on sociodemographic characteristics, risk perception, and preparedness were collected using a structured questionnaire, in parishes randomly selected. Crude and adjusted odds ratio (OR) and respective 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using logistic regression models. Results About 33% of participants aged ≥65 years and 66% had low education. Results show that 20% had a survival kit. In univariate comparisons, older (11% vs. 24%, p=.029) and lower educated participants (≤12th grade: 13% vs. &gt;12th grade: 32%, p=.002) were less likely to have a survival kit; only education remained associated after adjustment for age (OR = 2.61, 95%CI:1.22-5.58). About 21% had a family plan for disaster and only education level is associated (≤12th grade: 17% vs. &gt;12th grade: 29%, p=.040). Almost 35% had a family member with basic life support training; older age, lower education and higher risk perception were negatively associated and these remained after adjustment (≥65 vs. &lt;65 years OR = 0.36, 95%CI:0.16-0.77; ≤12th vs. &gt;12th grade OR = 0.40, 95%CI:0.21-0.78; risk perception OR = 0.66, 95%CI:0.45-0.95). Only 22% participated in community drills; older people (6% vs. 31%, p&lt;.001) and less educated (14% vs. 39%, p&lt;.001) were less likely to have ever participated, which persisted in multivariate model. Conclusions Our findings revealed a low-level of ND preparedness, and older and less educated people seem to present worse preparedness. This highlights the need to design specific public health interventions among these groups. Key messages We found a low-level of individual preparedness for natural disasters in VNG, Portugal. Community-based public health interventions are needed to improve individual preparedness for natural disasters. Specific interventions targeting older and less educated people should be designed to decrease their vulnerability facing a natural disaster.

scholarly journals Severe Acute Malnutrition and Feeding Practice of Children Aged 6-59 Months in Pastoral Community, Afar, Ethiopia: Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 156-163
Author(s):  
Getahun Fentaw Mulaw ◽  
Bizunesh Fantahun Kase ◽  
Adebabay Dessie Manchilo ◽  
Bereket Lopiso Lombebo ◽  
Begna Melkamu Tollosa
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Severe Acute Malnutrition ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Bottle Feeding ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Acute Malnutrition ◽  
Feeding Practice ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Public Health Interventions ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Severe acute malnutrition remains one of the most common causes of morbidity and mortality among children in developing countries, including Ethiopia. Knowing the local burden of SAM has huge importance for public health interventions. Therefore this study aimed to assess the level of severe acute malnutrition and feeding practice of children aged 6–59 months in Abaa’la district, Afar, Northeast, Ethiopia. Methods: Community-based descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 422 mother-child pairs of children aged 6–59 months. Kebeles were selected randomly after stratifying the district in to urban and rural, and study participants were selected using a cluster sampling technique. Data were collected using an interviewer-administered questionnaire, and child nutritional status was measured using WHO Mid upper arm circumference measuring tape. Data were entered into Epi data version 3.1 and exported to SPSS version 22 for analysis. The result was presented using Descriptive statistics. Results: The prevalence of severe acute malnutrition (SAM) was found to be 4.3% (95% CI, 2.3-6.1%) and that of moderate acute malnutrition (MAM) was 21.1 %. Almost all (98.8%) of children were ever breastfed. Prelacteal feeding and bottle feeding was practiced by 31% and 33.9% of children, respectively. Only 68.5% of children were feed colostrum. Around 45.5% of children were exclusively breastfed for the first six months, and 70.4% of children wean breastfeeding before the age of two years. Conclusion: The prevalence of severe acute malnutrition in the study area was lower than the regional figures, but still, it is a public health priority. There are improper child care and feeding practices. Therefore, public health interventions that can improve those practices should be strengthened.

scholarly journals Economic evaluations of public health interventions for physical activity and diet: systematic review

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Gebreslassie ◽  
F Sampaio ◽  
C Nystrand ◽  
R Ssegonja ◽  
I Feldman
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Health Technology ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Economic Evaluations ◽  
Public Health Interventions

Abstract Background Physical inactivity and unhealthy dietary habits are associated with an increased disease and economic burden. Despite the prevalence of different public health programs, decision-makers encounter a multitude of challenges in prioritizing interventions for optimal resource allocation. The aim of this systematic review, therefore, was to identify economic evaluations of public health interventions targeting physical activity and healthy diet, and assess the quality and transferability of the findings to the Swedish context. Methods A search of published economic evaluations was conducted through electronic databases including PubMed, Web of Science, PsycINFO, National Health Service Economic Evaluation Databases (NHS EED) and the Health Technology Assessment Database (HTA). An additional search was done using references of relevant systematic reviews and, websites of relevant organizations were checked to find grey literature. Quality and transferability of the economic evaluations were appraised using a quality assessment tool developed by the Swedish Agency for Health Technology Assessment. Preliminary Results Thirty-two economic evaluations of 178 interventions were included; thirteen studies targeting physical activity, thirteen targeting healthy diet and six targeting both. The interventions varied in terms of their content, setting, mode of delivery and target populations. A majority of the economic evaluations reported that the interventions were likely to be cost-effective; however, considerable variations in the methodological and reporting qualities were observed. Only half of the economic evaluations were rated to have a high probability of transferring to the Swedish context. Conclusions Most of the interventions were reported to be cost-effective. However, a variation in quality and transferability of the available evidence to the Swedish context were observed. Key messages Public health interventions targeting physical activity and dietary habits have a high potential to be cost-effective. Decision makers should consider transferability and suitability of findings of economic evaluation from a different context to a decision problem at hand.

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