scholarly journals Hispanic/Latino Acculturation Profiles and Telomere Length: Latent Class Analysis on a Nationally Representative Sample

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Alejandro Montiel Ishino ◽  
Philip McNab ◽  
Kevin Villalobos ◽  
Jeffrey H. Cohen ◽  
Anna M. Nápoles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Latent Class Analysis ◽  
Telomere Length ◽  
Representative Sample ◽  
Latent Variable ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
The United States ◽  
Public Health Research ◽  
Class Analysis ◽  
Foreign Born ◽  
The Us

Background: Acculturation profiles and their impact on telomere length among foreign-born Hispanics/Latinos living in the United States (US) are relatively unknown. The limited research available has linked acculturation with shortened telomere length.Objectives: To identify acculturation profiles among a US representative sample of Hispanics/Latinos and to then examine telomere length differences between profiles.Methods: We conducted a latent class analysis among a non-institutionalized US-representative sample of Hispanics/Latinos using the 1999–2002 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (N = 2,292). The latent variable of acculturation was assessed by length of time in the US and language used as a child, read and spoken, usually spoken at home, used to think, and used with friends (i.e., Spanish and/or English). Telomere length assessed from leukocytes was used as the distal continuous outcome.Results: We identified five profiles: (1) low acculturated [33.2% of sample]; (2) partially integrated [18.6% of sample]; (3) integrated [19.4% of sample]; (4) partially assimilated [15.1% of sample]; and (5) assimilated [13.7% of sample]. Acculturation profiles revealed nuanced differences in conditional probabilities with language use despite the length of time spent in the US. While telomere length did vary, there were no significant differences between profiles.Conclusion: Profiles identified revealed that possible life-course and generational effects may be at play in the partially assimilated and assimilated profiles. Our findings expand public health research using complex survey data to identify and assess the dynamic relationship of acculturation profiles and health biomarkers, while being among the first to examine this context using a person-centered approach.

A national study of the availability of law enforcement agency wellness programming for officers: A latent class analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 146135572110640
Author(s):  
Bruce G Taylor ◽  
Weiwei Liu ◽  
Elizabeth A. Mumford
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
United States ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Latent Class Analysis ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Wellness Programs ◽  
The United States ◽  
Substance Use Treatment ◽  
Class Analysis

The purpose of this study is to understand the availability of employee wellness programs within law enforcement agencies (LEAs) across the United States, including physical fitness, resilience/wellness, coping skills, nutrition, mental health treatment, and substance use treatment. The research team investigated whether patterns of LEA wellness programming are identifiable and, if so, what characteristics describe these patterns. We assess using latent class analysis whether there are distinct profiles of agencies with similar patterns offering different types of wellness programs and explore what characteristics distinguish agencies with certain profiles of wellness programming. Data were from a nationally representative sample of 1135 LEAs: 80.1% municipal, 18.6% county and 1.3% other agencies (state-level and Bureau of Indian Affairs LEAs). We found that many agencies (62%) offer no wellness programming. We also found that 23% have comprehensive wellness programming, and that another group of agencies specialize in specific wellness programming. About 14% of the agencies have a high probability of providing resilience coping skill education, mental health and/or substance use treatment services programming. About 1% of the agencies in the United States limit their programming to fitness and nutrition, indicating that fitness and nutrition programs are more likely to be offered in concert with other types of wellness programs. The analyses revealed that agencies offering broad program support are more likely to be large, municipal LEAs located in either the West, Midwest or Northeast (compared with the southern United States), and not experiencing a recent budget cut that impacted wellness programming.

Who Are Gun Owners in the United States? A Latent Class Analysis of the 2019 National Lawful Use of Guns Survey

2021 ◽  
pp. 073112142110286
Author(s):  
Claire Boine ◽  
Kevin Caffrey ◽  
Michael Siegel
Keyword(s):  
Latent Class Analysis ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Body ◽  
Political Affiliation ◽  
Class Analysis ◽  
Second Amendment ◽  
Family Tradition ◽  
Group 12 ◽  
Symbolic Meanings

We used data from the 2019 National Lawful Use of Guns Survey to segment the gun-owning population into different subcultural categories. Performing a latent class analysis, we introduce six types of indicators: (1) the types of firearm owned, (2) the reported primary reason for owning a firearm, (3) involvement in various gun-related activities, (4) Second Amendment activism, (5) the extent to which those in one’s social network own guns, and (6) measures of symbolic meanings attached to firearms. We introduce gender, race, U.S. region, and political affiliation as covariates. We find six classes of gun owners. The largest group (28 percent) is composed of family protectors who go to the shooting range and feel empowered by their guns. The second largest category (19 percent) is made up of incidental gun owners motivated by protection or family tradition. The third group (18 percent) consists of Second Amendment activists who engage in multiple gun-related activities and are resistant to social change. The fourth category (13 percent) contains target shooters. The fifth group (12 percent) is made up of hunters. The sixth category (11 percent), self-protectors, has a majority of women (51 percent). Our findings add to a very recent body of literature on variations in the meanings that guns have for people. In particular, we demonstrate that there are stark cultural differences between gun owners and that the body of existing research on this topic has mostly focused on the Second Amendment activists, who only represent about 18 percent of all gun owners.

scholarly journals Patterns of high-intensity drinking among young adults in the United States: A repeated measures latent class analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 74 ◽  
pp. 134-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan E. Patrick ◽  
Yvonne M. Terry-McElrath ◽  
John E. Schulenberg ◽  
Bethany C. Bray
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Latent Class Analysis ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
The United States ◽  
Class Analysis

Predominant typologies of psychopathology in the United States: A latent class analysis

2013 ◽  
Vol 47 (11) ◽  
pp. 1649-1657 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renée El-Gabalawy ◽  
Jack Tsai ◽  
Ilan Harpaz-Rotem ◽  
Rani Hoff ◽  
Jitender Sareen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Latent Class Analysis ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
The United States ◽  
Class Analysis

Integrative/ distributive negotiations in Latin America: latent class analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (3/4) ◽  
pp. 463-480
Author(s):  
Enrique Ogliastri ◽  
John Ickis ◽  
Ramiro Casó
Keyword(s):  
Latent Class Analysis ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
The United States ◽  
Behavioral Theory ◽  
Class Analysis ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Interpersonal Orientation ◽  
The World

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to test the universality of the behavioral theory of negotiation developed in the United States, particularly the integrative/distributive models, and to find negotiators' prototypes in international negotiations conducted in a Latin American country.Design/methodology/approachAn open questionnaire was administered to a convenience sample of 104 resident foreigners (expatriates) who reported the negotiation patterns of Costa Ricans. The qualitative data were coded in 52 variables (inte-rater reliability Fleiss' Kappa K= 0.65). A total of ten variables were selected to measure distributive/integrative patterns of negotiations. Latent class analysis (LCA) uncovered the latent structure of negotiations.Findings(1) The distributive (70% found in the sample) and integrative (30%) negotiation models hold in this culture. (2) The incorporation of handling emotions and interpersonal orientation in the integrative model seem to be an important theoretical and practical trend.Research limitations/implications(1) A larger sample size is needed to compare with data from other countries of the region and the world. (2) The use of emotions and interpersonal orientation in the integrative negotiation paradigm require further investigation. As practical implications, detailed negotiation advice is offered to Costa Ricans as well as to expatriates working there.Originality/valueTo identify negotiation patterns in an understudied region of the world, the distributive/integrative models of the behavioral theory of negotiations are a key focus with which to extend the literature. There are important elements of culture within the negotiation patterns, in line with trends of an evolving paradigm of integrative crosscultural negotiations.

Empirical derived AUD sub types in the US general population: A latent class analysis

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (11) ◽  
pp. 2782-2786 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina Casey ◽  
Gary Adamson ◽  
Maurice Stringer
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Latent Class Analysis ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Class Analysis ◽  
The Us

Latent class analysis of bladder urothelial carcinoma to reveal sub-classes defined by alterations to chromatin and signal transduction networks.

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (2_suppl) ◽  
pp. 469-469
Author(s):  
Alex Fichtenholtz ◽  
Alyna Khan ◽  
Jeffrey S. Ross ◽  
Siraj Mahamed Ali ◽  
Vincent A. Miller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signal Transduction ◽  
Latent Class Analysis ◽  
Urothelial Carcinoma ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
The United States ◽  
Response To Therapy ◽  
Tumor Type ◽  
Class Analysis ◽  
Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma ◽  
High Level

469 Background: 70,000 new cases of bladder urothelial carcinoma are diagnosed in the United States each year. Previous studies of this disease suggest two divergent pathways of carcinogenesis, with ~70% of cases being driven by alterations in signal transduction pathways (FGFR3, HRAS) and the remainder featuring alterations in cell cycle genes (TP53, RB1). Other studies focus on the high prevalence of alterations in chromatin remodeling genes (ARID1A, CREBBP, EP300) in this tumor type. The relationship between chromatin modifier alterations and the two bladder TCC sub-classes is not yet understood. Methods: Comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) on 638 clinically confirmed cases of advanced bladder urothelial carcinoma was performed using the FoundationOne platform. The coding exons of 287 cancer-related and 47 introns of 19 genes frequently rearranged in cancer were sequenced and analyzed for base substitutions, insertions, deletions, copy number alterations and select gene fusions. The resultant alteration profiles were analyzed for their information content with an entropy-based approach and the profiles were subjected to hierarchical latent class analysis (LCA). Results: CGP of 488 male and 150 female UCs of median age 66 (min: 29, max: 87) resulted in 3241 detected alterations across 302 unique genes, for a mean of ~5.1 known or likely somatic alterations per sample. The most commonly altered genes were TP53, CDKN2A/B, ARID1A, KDM6A, and MLL2. Information was concentrated in the 33 most frequently altered genes. Multiple high level clusters were defined by combinatorial patterns of alterations in TP53, CDKN2A/B, RB1, and FGFR3. Sub-classes were defined by mutually exclusive alterations in the chromatin modifiers KDM6A, MLL2, and ARID1A. Conclusions: We present a global picture of UC sub-classes that encompasses previously identified local relationships including the mutual exclusivities between FGFR3 and TP53, RB1 and CDKN2A/B, and KDM6A and MLL2. In the context of clinically relevant genomic alterations that auger response to targeted therapies, identification of sub-classes of UC may further delineate response to therapy.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document