scholarly journals Temporal Stability of Phytoplankton Functional Groups Within Two Agricultural Irrigation Ponds in Maryland, USA

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaclyn E. Smith ◽  
Jennifer L. Wolny ◽  
Matthew D. Stocker ◽  
Robert L. Hill ◽  
Yakov A. Pachepsky
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Spatial Patterns ◽  
Functional Group ◽  
Temporal Stability ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variability ◽  
Agricultural Irrigation ◽  
Phytoplankton Communities ◽  
Phytoplankton Functional Groups

Phytoplankton functional groups and their influence on water quality have been studied in various types of water bodies but have yet to be studied in agricultural irrigation ponds. Freshwater sources (e.g., lakes, rivers, and reservoirs) have been previously shown to exhibit high spatial and temporal variability in phytoplankton populations. Improvements in the monitoring of phytoplankton populations may be achieved if patterns of stable spatial variability can be found in the phytoplankton populations through time. The objective of this work was to determine if temporally stable spatial patterns in phytoplankton communities could be detected in agricultural irrigation ponds using a functional group approach. The study was performed at two working agricultural irrigation ponds located in Maryland, USA over two summer sampling campaigns in 2017 and 2018. Concentrations of four phytoplankton groups, along with sensor-based and fluorometer based water quality parameters were measured. Temporal stability was assessed using mean relative differences between measurements in each location and averaged measurements across ponds on each sampling date. Temporally stable spatial patterns of three phytoplankton functional groups were found for both ponds over the two sampling seasons. Both ponds had locations where specific phytoplankton functional group concentrations were consistently higher or lower than the pond's average concentration for each sampling date. Zones of consistently higher or lower than average concentrations were associated with flow conditions, pond morphology, and human activities. The existence of temporally stable patterns of phytoplankton functional group concentrations can affect the outcome of a water quality assessment and should be considered in water quality monitoring designs.

scholarly journals High-resolution underway measurements of phytoplankton photosynthesis and abundance as an innovative addition to water quality monitoring programs

Ocean Science ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 1267-1285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hedy M. Aardema ◽  
Machteld Rijkeboer ◽  
Alain Lefebvre ◽  
Arnold Veen ◽  
Jacco C. Kromkamp
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Spatial Patterns ◽  
North Sea ◽  
Phytoplankton Community ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variability ◽  
Good Representation ◽  
Low Resolution ◽  
Monitoring Programs ◽  
Phytoplankton Communities ◽  
Phytoplankton Photosynthesis

Abstract. Marine waters can be highly heterogeneous both on a spatial and temporal scale, yet monitoring programs currently rely primarily on low-resolution methods. This potentially leads to undersampling. This study explores the potential of two high-resolution methods for monitoring phytoplankton dynamics: fast repetition rate fluorometry for information on phytoplankton photosynthesis and productivity and automated scanning flow cytometry for information on phytoplankton abundance and community composition. These methods were tested in combination with an underway Ferrybox system during four cruises on the Dutch North Sea in April, May, June, and August 2017. The high-resolution methods were able to visualize both the spatial and temporal variability of the phytoplankton community in the Dutch North Sea. Spectral cluster analysis was applied to objectively interpret the multitude of parameters and visualize potential spatial patterns. This resulted in the identification of biogeographic regions with distinct phytoplankton communities, which varied per cruise. Our results clearly show that the sampling based on fixed stations does not give a good representation of the spatial patterns, showing the added value of underway high-resolution measurements. To fully exploit the potential of the tested high-resolution measurement setup, methodological constraints need further research. Among these constraints are accounting for the diurnal cycle in photophysiological parameters concurrent to the spatial variation, better predictions of the electron requirement for carbon fixation to estimate gross primary productivity, and the identification of more flow cytometer clusters with informative value. Nevertheless, the richness of additional information provided by high-resolution methods can improve existing low-resolution monitoring programs towards a more precise and ecosystemic ecological assessment of the phytoplankton community and productivity.

scholarly journals Seasonal Succession of Phytoplankton Functional Groups and Driving Factors of Cyanobacterial Blooms in a Subtropical Reservoir in South China

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lingai Yao ◽  
Xuemin Zhao ◽  
Guang-Jie Zhou ◽  
Rongchang Liang ◽  
Ting Gou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Groups ◽  
South China ◽  
Algal Cell ◽  
Seasonal Succession ◽  
Geographic Location ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Cyanobacterial Blooms ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Phytoplankton Communities ◽  
Phytoplankton Functional Groups

Freshwater phytoplankton communities can be classified into a variety of functional groups that are based on physiological, morphological, and ecological characteristics. This classification method was used to study the temporal and spatial changes in the phytoplankton communities of Gaozhou Reservoir, which is a large municipal water source in South China. Between January 2015 and December 2017, a total of 155 taxa of phytoplankton that belong to seven phyla were identified. The phytoplankton communities were classified into 28 functional groups, nine of which were considered to be representative functional groups (relative biomass > 10%). Phytoplankton species richness was greater in the summer and autumn than in the winter and spring; cyanobacterial blooms occurred in the spring. The seasonal succession of phytoplankton functional groups was characterized by the occurrence of functional groups P (Staurastrum sp. and Closterium acerosum) and Y (Cryptomonas ovata and Cryptomonas erosa) in the winter and spring, and functional groups NA (Cosmarium sp. and Staurodesmus sp.) and P (Staurastrum sp. and Closterium acerosum) in the summer and autumn. The temperature, nitrogen, and phosphorus levels were the main factors driving seasonal changes in the phytoplankton communities of Gaozhou Reservoir. The functional group M (Microcystis aeruginosa) dominated the community during the cyanobacterial blooms in spring 2016, with the maximum algal cell density of 3.12 × 108 cells L−1. Relatively low temperature (20.8 °C), high concentrations of phosphorus (0.080–0.110 mg L−1), suitable hydrological and hydrodynamic conditions (e.g., relatively long retention time), and relatively closed geographic location in the reservoir were the key factors that stimulated the cyanobacterial blooms during the early stages.

scholarly journals Seasonal and spatial patterns of eukaryotic phytoplankton communities in an urban river based on marker gene

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Yang ◽  
Junping Lv ◽  
Qi Liu ◽  
Fangru Nan ◽  
Bo Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Groups ◽  
Environmental Gradients ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Marker Gene ◽  
Variance Partitioning ◽  
Linear Discriminant ◽  
Eukaryotic Phytoplankton ◽  
Phytoplankton Communities ◽  
Phytoplankton Functional Groups ◽  
Determining Factors

AbstractThe seasonal and spatial eukaryotic phytoplankton composition in the Fenhe River was investigated based on the 18S rDNA V4 region. The relationship between phytoplankton functional groups and environmental factors was explored to effectively capture the responses of these taxa to environmental gradients and their effects on ecosystem function. Our results indicated that the Chlorophyta and Bacillariophyta had higher relative abundance than other taxa, and their diversity and richness indices in spring were higher than those in other seasons. The linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) analyses detected that the potential seasonal biomarkers included Desmodesmus, Cyclotella, Pseudoschroederia, Discostella, Scenedesmus, Monoraphidium, and Nannochloropsis; the spatial biomarkers included Amphora, Neochloris, Hindakia, Pseudomuriella, Coccomyxa, Chloroidium, Scherffelia, Chromochloris, and Scotinosphaera. The systemic evolution and distribution characteristics of the first 50 representative sequences showed that the dominant genus included Desmodesmus in spring, Pseudopediastrum in summer, Mychonastes in autumn, and Monoraphidium in winter. Main seasonal variation of phytoplankton functional groups was as follows: spring (J + F + C + X1) → summer (J + F + X1 + X2) → autumn (J + F + X1 + C) → winter (X1 + J + B + X2). Pearson correlation, redundancy analysis, and variance partitioning analysis showed temperature and phosphate were the determining factors causing the changes of phytoplankton functional groups and community composition in the Fenhe River.

scholarly journals Precipitation Mediates the Distribution but Not the Taxonomic Composition of Phytoplankton Communities in a Tributary of Three Gorges Reservoir

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1800
Author(s):  
Chengrong Peng ◽  
Hongjie Qin ◽  
Kan Wang ◽  
Yonghong Bi
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Three Gorges Reservoir ◽  
Short Interval ◽  
Precipitation Event ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Three Gorges ◽  
Water Column Stability ◽  
Phytoplankton Distribution ◽  
Phytoplankton Communities

Precipitation is a driver of changes in the spatiotemporal distribution of phytoplankton communities. The ecological consequence of precipitation is important, but the underlying processes are not clear. Here we conducted an immediate prior- and after-event short-interval investigation in the Three Gorges Reservoir region, to test whether the short-term changes in the phytoplankton communities and functional groups could be predicted based on the precipitation level. We found that precipitation of moderate and high levels immediately changed the phytoplankton distribution and altered functional groups. According to structural equation model, the vertical velocity (λ = −0.81), light availability (Zeu/Zmix, λ = 0.47) and relative water column stability (RWCS, λ = 0.38) were important parameters for phytoplankton distribution during the precipitation event. Water quality did not directly affect phytoplankton distribution (λ = −0.11) and effects of precipitation on the water quality only lasted 1–2 days. The phytoplankton community was redistributed with some tolerance functional groups appearance, such as groups F, Lo, M and groups M, MP, TB, W1 appeared during- and after- precipitation event, respectively. We also found that mixing rather than flushing was the driving force for the decrease of phytoplankton biomass. Our study provided valuable data for reservoir regulation and evidence for predictions of phytoplankton during the precipitation events under different climate change scenarios.

scholarly journals Phytoplankton functional groups as environmental indicators at a high neotropical mountain reservoir in Colombia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristian Hakspiel-Segura ◽  
Betsy Paola Barrios-Galván ◽  
Gabriel Pinilla-Agudelo
Keyword(s):  
Functional Groups ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Functional Group ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Environmental Variability ◽  
Environmental Indicators ◽  
Mixing Conditions ◽  
Chlorella Sp ◽  
Phytoplankton Functional Groups ◽  
Selection Of

Phytoplankton is a fundamental productive component of lentic ecosystems, which also directly reflects environmental variability. This study evaluated the dynamics of phytoplankton in response to the monthly variability of physicochemical properties of a neotropical high Andes reservoir, El Neusa, from July to October 2004. Samples were collected and analyzed for taxonomic identification to species or the lowest possible level and categorized in functional groups (FGs). A total of 111 species of phytoplankton belonging to nine classes and 20 FGs were recorded. Among these phytoplankton classes, Chlorophyceae (36 species), Euglenophyceae (13 species), Bacillariophyceae, (14 species), and Conjugatophyceae (25 species) were the most species-rich and highest in abundance. The overall phytoplankton abundance was largest in August (8.5×104 ±2.7 ×104 ind.L-1) and September (8.9×104 ±4.6×104 ind.L-1); however, the distribution of phytoplankton classes was not statistically different among sampling sites (Friedman-ANOVA; p>0.01)  Chlorella sp. (2.4×104 ±2.0×104 ind.L-1), and Chloromonas grovei (2.5×104 ±4.4×103 ind.L-1), belonging to functional group X1, were dominant, representing together between 54% and 78% of the average monthly abundance. Simple correlations and multivariate analysis between physicochemical variables and phytoplankton revealed that conductivity, pH, and total suspended solids had a key influence on the distribution of both dominant species and FGs. These analyses indicated that hydrological (precipitation and runoff) and water stability (stratification and mixing) conditions determined environmental changes and the selection of phytoplankton functional groups. The main features of the dominant FGs and the trophic state of El Neusa were also discussed. 

Precipitation mediate the distribution of phytoplankton communities in a tributary of Three Gorges Reservoir

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chengrong Peng ◽  
Yonghong Bi ◽  
Zhengyu Hu
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Three Gorges Reservoir ◽  
Short Interval ◽  
Precipitation Event ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Three Gorges ◽  
Phytoplankton Distribution ◽  
Phytoplankton Communities

Abstract Precipitation is a driver of changes in spatiotemporal distribution of phytoplankton communities. The ecological consequences of precipitation is importance but the underlying processes are not clear. Here we conducted an immediate prior- and after-event short-interval investigation in the Three Gorges Reservoir region, to test whether the short-term changes in the phytoplankton communities and functional groups could be predicted based on the precipitation level. We found that precipitation of moderate and high levels immediately changed the phytoplankton distribution and altered functional groups. According to structural equation model, the vertical velocity (λ = -0.81), Zeu/Zmix (λ = 0.47) and RWCS (λ = 0.38) were important parameters for phytoplankton distribution during the precipitation event. Water quality was not directly affected phytoplankton distribution (λ = -0.11) and effects of precipitation on the water quality only lasted 1–2 days. Phytoplankton community was redistributed with some tolerance functional groups appearance, such as group F, Lo, M and groups M, MP, TB, W1 appeared during- and after- precipitation event, respectively. We also found that the mixing rather than flushing was the driving force for the decrease of phytoplankton biomass. Our study provided valuable data for reservoir regulation and evidence for predictions of phytoplankton during the precipitation events under different climate change scenarios.

First flush effects in an urban catchment area in Aalborg

1998 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 251-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Torben Larsen ◽  
Kirsten Broch ◽  
Margit Riis Andersen
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Catchment Area ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
First Flush ◽  
Storm Events ◽  
Urban Catchment ◽  
Discharge Measurements ◽  
Quality Measurements

The paper describes the results of measurements from a 2 year period on a 95 hectare urban catchment in Aalborg, Denmark. The results of the rain/discharge measurements include 160 storm events corresponding to an accumulated rain depth of totally 753 mm. The water quality measurements include 15 events with time series of concentration of SS, COD, BOD, total nitrogen and total phosphorus. The quality parameters showed significant first flush effects. The paper discusses whether either the event average concentration or the accumulated event mass is the most appropriate way to characterize the quality of the outflow.

scholarly journals Resilience of Epiphytic Lichens to Combined Effects of Increasing Nitrogen and Solar Radiation

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 333
Author(s):  
Lourdes Morillas ◽  
Javier Roales ◽  
Cristina Cruz ◽  
Silvana Munzi
Keyword(s):  
Global Change ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Physiological Response ◽  
Functional Group ◽  
Environmental Drivers ◽  
Combined Effects ◽  
Environmental Stressor ◽  
Comprehensive Understanding ◽  
Direct Sunlight

Lichens are classified into different functional groups depending on their ecological and physiological response to a given environmental stressor. However, knowledge on lichen response to the synergistic effect of multiple environmental factors is extremely scarce, although vital to get a comprehensive understanding of the effects of global change. We exposed six lichen species belonging to different functional groups to the combined effects of two nitrogen (N) doses and direct sunlight involving both high temperatures and ultraviolet (UV) radiation for 58 days. Irrespective of their functional group, all species showed a homogenous response to N with cumulative, detrimental effects and an inability to recover following sunlight, UV exposure. Moreover, solar radiation made a tolerant species more prone to N pollution’s effects. Our results draw attention to the combined effects of global change and other environmental drivers on canopy defoliation and tree death, with consequences for the protection of ecosystems.

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