scholarly journals Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices on Tomato Leaf Miner, Tuta absoluta on Tomato and Potential Demand for Integrated Pest Management among Smallholder Farmers in Kenya and Uganda

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1242
Author(s):  
Fridah Chepchirchir ◽  
Beatrice W. Muriithi ◽  
Jackson Langat ◽  
Samira A. Mohamed ◽  
Shepard Ndlela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Tuta Absoluta ◽  
Leaf Miner ◽  
Tomato Production ◽  
Major Pest ◽  
Synthetic Pesticides ◽  
Ipm Strategy

Agricultural growth and food security are a priority in many developing countries. This has led to increased attention to effective pest management. Integrated Pest Management (IPM) strategy is a sustainable and recommended alternative to the use of synthetic pesticides in the management of tomato pests, with Tuta absoluta being the major one. This study seeks to assess the awareness, attitude, and control practices on T. absoluta and examine the potential adoption of a proposed IPM strategy for the management of a pest using a randomly selected sample of 316 and 345 tomato growing households in Kenya and Uganda, respectively. The study findings indicate that T. absoluta is the major pest affecting tomato production, with most farmers using synthetic pesticides to manage it. Furthermore, we find a significant proportion of the survey respondents willing to adopt the IPM strategy. The probability of adopting the strategy was positively related to a farmer being male, residing near a source of inputs, accessing training, and possessing good knowledge, attitude, and practices towards the use of non-pesticides strategies. Thus, training, promotion, and awareness creation of the T. absoluta IPM are recommended for the sustainable management of the pest in tomato production.

scholarly journals Intercropping Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) with Sweet Pepper (Capsicum annum) Reduces Major Pest Population Densities without Impacting Natural Enemy Populations

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 74
Author(s):  
Xiao-wei Li ◽  
Xin-xin Lu ◽  
Zhi-jun Zhang ◽  
Jun Huang ◽  
Jin-ming Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Pest Control ◽  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Natural Enemy ◽  
Sweet Pepper ◽  
Population Densities ◽  
Pest Population ◽  
Major Pest ◽  
Population Suppression

Intercropping of aromatic plants provides an environmentally benign route to reducing pest damage in agroecosystems. However, the effect of intercropping on natural enemies, another element which may be vital to the success of an integrated pest management approach, varies in different intercropping systems. Rosemary, Rosmarinus officinalis L. (Lamiaceae), has been reported to be repellent to many insect species. In this study, the impact of sweet pepper/rosemary intercropping on pest population suppression was evaluated under greenhouse conditions and the effect of rosemary intercropping on natural enemy population dynamics was investigated. The results showed that intercropping rosemary with sweet pepper significantly reduced the population densities of three major pest species on sweet pepper, Frankliniella intonsa, Myzus persicae, and Bemisia tabaci, but did not affect the population densities of their natural enemies, the predatory bug, Orius sauteri, or parasitoid, Encarsia formosa. Significant pest population suppression with no adverse effect on released natural enemy populations in the sweet pepper/rosemary intercropping system suggests this could be an approach for integrated pest management of greenhouse-cultivated sweet pepper. Our results highlight the potential of the integration of alternative pest control strategies to optimize sustainable pest control.

scholarly journals Pathogenicity of some commercial formulations of entomopathogenic fungi on the tomato leaf miner, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Assinapol Ndereyimana ◽  
Samuel Nyalala ◽  
Patrick Murerwa ◽  
Svetlana Gaidashova
Keyword(s):  
Entomopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Larval Mortality ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Tomato Leaf ◽  
Tuta Absoluta ◽  
Leaf Miner ◽  
Tomato Production ◽  
Tomato Field ◽  
Tomato Leaf Miner

AbstractThe tomato leaf miner, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), is a major threat to tomato production in Rwanda. Laboratory bioassays were conducted to evaluate some commercial entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) formulations on T. absoluta larvae. The larvae, inside the leaf galleries, were obtained from the established tomato field. Commercial EPF: Metatech® WP [Metarhizium anisopliae (Metschn.) Sorok, Strain FCM Ar 23B3], Beauvitech® WP [Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill., Strain J25], and Botanigard ES [B. bassiana (Bals.), Strain GHA] were tested in Petri dishes against T. absoluta larvae at a concentration of 108 spores/ml. A synthetic insecticide, imidacloprid was included for comparison as a positive control, while water was used as a negative control. All the tested commercial EPF formulations were pathogenic to T. absoluta larvae in all conducted bioassays. Mortality rates increased with an increase in time (days). However, the insignificant difference was observed in the mortality of T. absoluta larvae treated with the commercial EPF during the first 3 days in all bioassays. Highly significant differences (p < 0.01) in pathogenicity among treatments were observed from the 4th to 6th days after inoculation. Metatech® WP and Beauvitech® WP recorded the highest mortality rates (82.8 and 60.8%) with the LT50 values of 3.9 and 5.2 days, respectively, while imidacloprid caused the least larval mortality. Since the EPF demonstrated high virulence level against the target pest, the efficacy of Metatech® WP and Beauvitech® WP should be advanced to field evaluation to determine their potential as alternatives to the synthetic insecticides.

Bottom-up effects of irrigation, fertilization and plant resistance on Tuta absoluta: implications for Integrated Pest Management

2018 ◽  
Vol 92 (4) ◽  
pp. 1359-1370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Han ◽  
Nicolas Desneux ◽  
Christine Becker ◽  
Romain Larbat ◽  
Jacques Le Bot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Plant Resistance ◽  
Tuta Absoluta ◽  
Bottom Up

scholarly journals Impact Assessment of Biological Control-Based Integrated Pest Management in Rice and Maize in the Greater Mekong Subregion

Insects ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dirk Babendreier ◽  
Min Wan ◽  
Rui Tang ◽  
Rui Gu ◽  
Justice Tambo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Target Area ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Impact

The impact and sustainability of two interventions that have been formulated to introduce integrated pest management (IPM) into rice and maize crops in Southwestern China, Laos, and Myanmar between 2011 and 2016, and were assessed at the end of 2017. From 22 Trichogramma rearing facilities established during the interventions, 11 were still producing substantial quantities of biocontrol agents 1.5 years after project support had ended, while seven had stopped operations completely, and four were doing stock rearing only. Through the implementation of biological control-based IPM, slightly higher yields were achieved in maize and rice (4–10%), when compared to control farmers, but the difference was not statistically significant. However, the use of pesticides nearly halved when farmers started using Trichogramma egg-cards as a biological control agent. Support from either public or private institutions was found to be important for ensuring the sustainability of Trichogramma rearing facilities. Many of the suggested IPM measures were not adopted by smallholder farmers, indicating that the positive impacts of the interventions mostly resulted from the application of Trichogramma biological control agents. The following assessment suggests that further promotion of IPM adoption among farmers is needed to upscale the already positive effects of interventions that facilitate reductions in synthetic pesticide use, and the effects on sustainable agricultural production of rice and maize in the target area more generally.

Validation of Integrated Pest Management modules ondefoliating insect pests of soybean

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Motaphale ◽  
B. B. Bhosle
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Chemical Control ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Leaf Miner ◽  
Larval Population ◽  
Lower Population

The investigation was carried out during kharif 2010-2011 and 2011-2012 in order to know the effect of different IPM module on insect pests of soybean. Significantly lower population of (2.54 larvae/ mrl) H.armigera, per cent pod damage (4.23%) by H.armigera were observed in MAU module. The minimum larval population of semilooper (3.62 larvae/mrl), S.litura (2.64 larvae/mrl) and per cent leaflet damage (6.71%) due to leaf miner, the minimum per cent defoliation (10.49%) due to defoliators were observed in chemical control followed by MAU module.

Bioactivity of Cinnamomum cassia （Laurales：lauraceae） Bark Extract on Lasioderma serricorne (Coleoptera: anobiidae)

2012 ◽  
Vol 524-527 ◽  
pp. 2065-2068
Author(s):  
Jian Hua Lü ◽  
Xin Hong Su ◽  
Yue Guang Du
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Fumigant Toxicity ◽  
Lasioderma Serricorne ◽  
Development Stages ◽  
Cinnamomum Cassia ◽  
Exposure Dosage ◽  
Synthetic Pesticides

The bioactivity of Cinnamomum cassia bark extract was investigated on eggs, larvae, pupae and adults of Lasioderma serricorne. C. cassia bark extract had potent fumigant toxicity against different developing stages of L. serricorne, and the toxicity increased significantly with the increasing exposure dosage. Larvae and adults of L. serricorne were much more susceptible to the C. cassia bark extract than eggs and pupae. The corrected mortality of eggs, larvae, pupae and adults reached 33.42%, 96.21%, 31.75% and 93.68% at a dosage of 40 µL/L air after 48 h exposure, respectively. The declining order of susceptibility of different development stages of L. serricorne to C. cassia bark extract was as follows: larvae（LD50= 10.12 µL/L air）, adults（LD50= 11.03 µL/L air）, pupae（LD50= 56.46 µL/L air）and eggs（LD50= 92.35 µL/L air）. These results indicate that C. cassia bark extract have huge potential as an alternative to synthetic pesticides for the integrated pest management of L. serricorne in future.

scholarly journals Agricultural pest control programmes, food security and safety

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (53) ◽  
pp. 6582-6592
Author(s):  
SC Eze ◽  
◽  
BC Echezona
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Food Safety ◽  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Pest Control ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Agricultural Pest ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Synthetic Pesticides ◽  
Pest Control Methods

Agricultural pest management control strategies are primarily concerned with food security and safety. Popular pest control methods include application of synthetic pesticides, biopesticides (plant extracts), non-chemical pest management and integrated pest management (IPM). The resistance of some of the pests to the chemical pesticides, coupled with potential health hazards on the environment gave birth to a search for botanicals as alternatives to synthetic pesticides. Botanicals as biopesticides were, though effective but their shelf lives and specific actions on the target organisms have not been determined. Non-chemical pest control methods involve common cultural practices which include crop rotation, tillage, and varying time of planting or harvesting, trap cropping which appear to be the best in terms of food safety and quality but the ability of this approach to reduce pest population may be minimal. Because no single pest control method can guarantee food security and safety, integrated pest management (IPM) approach appears to hold promise. The IPM is an ecologically based approach that combines all the available pest control methods to manage pest damage by the most economical means, with the fewest possible hazards to life, property and environment. However, this review shows that the impact of integrated pest management in the rural farm communities is low. In an era of growing consumer awareness and sophistication, food quality is being emphasized. Food safety means that the agro-products should be free from pesticide residues:- therefore, aspects of farm management such as sources of seeds and seedlings, pests and weed elimination, pesticide application dates, dates and amount of fertilization, harvesting or post harvest treatments and basic information regarding the individual farmer or marketing agents activities should be certified before consuming agricultural products. Federal governments especially in developing countries are advised to mount regulating Agencies that will be responsible for a number of activities that contribute to food security and safety, water quality and pesticide applicator training as practiced in the United States of America, India and Indonesia. The agencies will ensure that the public is protected from potential health risks posed by pesticide treated foods.

scholarly journals Effects of Resident Education and Self-Implementation of Integrated Pest Management Strategy for Eliminating Bed Bug Infestation in Ahvaz City, Southwestern Iran

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ismaeil Alizadeh ◽  
Elham Jahanifard ◽  
Mona Sharififard ◽  
Mohammad Ebrahim Azemi
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Resident Education ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Bed Bugs ◽  
Medical Entomology ◽  
Bed Bug ◽  
Blood Sucking ◽  
Ipm Strategy

Background: Bed bugs as blood-sucking insects have become a public health problem in urban communities through­out the world. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of resident education and self-implementation of Integrated Pest Management (IPM) strategy for eliminating bed bug infestation in infected apartments in Ahvaz City, Iran. Methods: This interventional study was conducted in seventy apartments infested with bed bug (Cimex lectularius) in Ahvaz City, southwest Iran, during a 6-month period. The bed bug infestations reported to Health centers were in­spect­ed visually and confirmed by medical entomology experts. Then, the heads of the households were received tech­niques/ tools of the IPM program and trained by medical entomology experts before self-implementation of control methods. Finally, the infected apartments were inspected by the experts at 1, 3, and 6 months after intervention and data were rec­orded in a checklist. Results: From the seventy infected apartments, 57%, 28% and 15% were considered as low, moderate, and high level infestation respectively. The bed bug infestation was eliminated from 53 apartments (76%) after one month and it reached to 62 apartments (88%) by the end of third month. Finally, after six months of applying IPM program, bed bugs infestation was eliminated from all infected apartments (100%). Residents expressed their 100% satisfaction with ap­plying the bed bug IPM strategy. Conclusion: Training residents to implement the IPM program can reduce pest control costs, the volume of pesticides consumed, and human exposure to chemical pesticides, resulting in increased human and environmental health and safety.

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