Pongamia pinnata L. Leaves Biochar Increased Growth and Pigments Syntheses in Pisum sativum L. Exposed to Nutritional Stress

Pea (Pisum sativum L.) leaf chlorophyll and pigments syntheses are retarded under nutritional stress. Biochar has the potential to regulate soil nutrient supplies and optimize plant nutrient uptakes. We examine the role of Pongamia pinnata L. waste leaf biochar (PLB) in improving vegetative growth and leaf chlorophyll and accessory pigments of pea exposed to nutritional stress. Three PLB application rates (0, 1, and 2%) crossed with half (HF), and full NPK fertilizer (FF) recommended doses were applied to sandy soil field-pots (arranged in a completely randomized design). There were significant or maximum increases in plant vegetative or physiological traits, including the fresh or dry, above- and below-ground biomass weights, and photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, carotenoids, and anthocyanin) in response to a 2%PLB + FF application (p = 0.002). Trait values also responded to 2%PLB + HF, which signified the nutrient regulatory character of PLB (p = 0.038). The PLB-driven reduction in nutritional stress resulted in diminished lycopene (antioxidant) content (p = 0.041). Therefore, we suggest that the soil application of 2%PLB + FF has the greatest impact on pea vegetative growth and leaf chlorophyll, carotenoids, anthocyanin, and lycopene contents in Pisum sativum L. Further research is recommended to investigate the relationship of PLB with soil nutrient availabilities and plant nutrient concentrations.

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Biochar Amendment Alters the Nutrient-Use Strategy of Moso Bamboo Under N Additions

Frontiers in Plant Science ◽

10.3389/fpls.2021.667964 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Jinpei Gao ◽

Quan Li ◽

Junbo Zhang ◽

Kunkai Cui ◽

Zhizhuang Wu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Soil Nutrient ◽

Moso Bamboo ◽

Nutrient Resorption ◽

Nutrient Concentrations ◽

Plant Nutrient ◽

N Addition ◽

Resorption Proficiency ◽

Nutrient Use ◽

Negative Effect ◽

N Resorption

Nutrient resorption can affect plant growth, litter decomposition, and nutrient cycling. Although the effects of nitrogen (N) and biochar fertilizers on soil nutrient concentrations and plant nutrient uptake have been studied, an understanding of how combined applications of N and biochar affect plant nutrient resorption in plantations is lacking. In this study, we applied N (0, 30, 60, and 90 kg N ha−1 yr−1 defined as N0, N30, N60, and N90, respectively) and biochar (0, 20, and 40 t biochar ha−1 defined as BC0, BC20, and BC40, respectively) to the soil of a Moso bamboo plantation. We investigated the effects of these treatments on N and phosphorus (P) resorption by young and mature bamboo plants, as well as the relationships between nutrient resorption and leaf and soil nutrient concentrations. Young bamboo showed significantly greater foliar N resorption efficiency (NRE) and P resorption efficiency (PRE) than mature bamboo. N addition alone significantly increased the N resorption proficiency (NRP) and P resorption proficiency (PRP) but significantly decreased the NRE and PRE of both young and mature bamboo. In both the N-free and N-addition treatments, biochar amendments significantly reduced the foliar NRE and PRE of young bamboo but had the opposite effect on mature bamboo. Foliar NRE and PRE were significantly negatively correlated with fresh leaf N and P concentrations and soil total P concentration but significantly positively correlated with soil pH. Our findings suggest that N addition inhibits plant nutrient resorption and alters the nutrient-use strategy of young and mature bamboo from “conservative consumption” to “resource spending.” Furthermore, biochar amendment enhanced the negative effect of N addition on nutrient resorption in young bamboo but reduced the negative effect on that of mature bamboo under N-addition treatments. This study provides new insights into the combined effects of N and biochar on the nutrient resorption of Moso bamboo and may assist in improving fertilization strategies in Moso bamboo plantations.

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The Effect of Green Manure and Chromolaena-Odorata-Based Bokashi on Nutrient Soil Content and Maize Growth

Journal of Agricultural Studies ◽

10.5296/jas.v6i3.13199 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 49 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jusna Ahmad ◽

Chairunnisa Lamangantjo

Keyword(s):

Vegetative Growth ◽

Green Manure ◽

Organic Fertilizer ◽

Soil Nutrient ◽

Leaf Size ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Chromolaena Odorata ◽

Nutrient Contents ◽

Randomized Design ◽

And Control

The objectives of this study are twofold; firstly, it is intended to determine the soil nutrient contents (e.g., nitrogen, phosphor, potassium, manganese, and magnesium) after the provision of Chromolaena odorata organic fertilizer. Secondly, the study is aimed at examining the growth of maize crops after the provision of the same fertilizer. It employed randomized design group consisting of three phases of treatment (i.e., control, fertilizer provision, and provision of Bokashi with Chromolaena odorata) and four-times of the repeating process. Furthermore, the variable consists of the contents of soil nutrient before applying the treatment, vegetative growth (i.e., stem height, stem diameter, leaf size, and dry weight of root, stem, and leaf), and generative growth (i.e., weight of unhusked cob, weight of husked cob, number of seeds per cob, width of cob, and weight of 100 seeds). The data were analyzed by using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and it further examined by employing Least Significance Difference test at 5% level. The results reveal that the provision of Bokashi fertilizer (with Chromolaena odorata as the material) positively impacts the growth of maize crops rather than the provision of green manure and control fertilizer. Keywords: Generative Growth, Organic Fertilizer, Vegetative Growth

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Isozyme Pattern of the Metalloenzyme System Superoxide Dismutase During Growth of Peas (Pisum sativum L.) Under Different Iron Nutrient Concentrations

Zeitschrift für Pflanzenphysiologie ◽

10.1016/s0044-328x(81)80004-9 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 105 (1) ◽

pp. 21-29 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

J.E. García ◽

M. Gómez ◽

J. Yáñez ◽

J. López-Gorgé ◽

L.A. del Rio

Keyword(s):

Superoxide Dismutase ◽

Pisum Sativum ◽

Isozyme Pattern ◽

Nutrient Concentrations ◽

Pisum Sativum L

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Estimation of Biological Toxicity by Copper oxychloride on Pisum sativum L. and Vigna radiata L.

Indian Journal of Agricultural Research ◽

10.18805/ijare.a-5606 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Anirban Paul ◽

Koyel Das Bairagya ◽

Nirmalya Banerjee ◽

Anjalika Roy

Keyword(s):

Seed Germination ◽

Pisum Sativum ◽

Seed Protein ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Copper Oxychloride ◽

Leaf Chlorophyll ◽

Pisum Sativum L ◽

Total Leaf ◽

Abnormality Index ◽

Total Seed

Background: This research work describes about toxicity estimation of commonly used fungicide copper oxychloride using Pisum sativum L. and Vigna radiata L. as a bioindicator. Methods: The seeds of P. sativum and V. radiata were treated with different concentrations of fungicide. Biological toxicity measured by seed germination percentage, R/P ratio, total leaf chlorophyll, total leaf proline, total seed protein, mitotic index, abnormality index and mitotic inhibition. Result: Linear regression analysis showed that seed germination percentage, total seed protein, abnormality index and mitotic inhibition show positive correlation with increasing concentration of fungicide copper oxychloride. The R/P ratio of 4th and 8th days, mitotic index, total leaf chlorophyll and leaf proline have negative correlation along increasing concentration of fungicide. However total leaf proline of V. radiata at 2% concentration of fungicide is abruptly higher than control and other concentrations. The application of copper oxychloride at lower concentration can be used as a safe fungicide.

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Nutrient concentrations and nutritive value of field pea (Pisum sativum L.) straw in south central Alberta

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/p00-058 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 81 (3) ◽

pp. 419-423 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M. A. Olson ◽

R. -C. Yang ◽

S. F. Blade

Keyword(s):

Pisum Sativum ◽

Nutritive Value ◽

Environmental Variation ◽

Field Pea ◽

Nutrient Concentrations ◽

Average Value ◽

Specialty Crop ◽

South Central ◽

Pisum Sativum L ◽

Nutritive Composition

The development of field pea as a major specialty crop in western Canada has led to questions regarding the nutritive value of its straw component. The objective of this study was to examine the nutrient composition of field pea straw collected from south central Alberta variety trials. Our analysis focused on four varieties grown on four locations for the period between 1995 and 1997. Five nutrients were examined: CP, Ca, P, ADF and NDF. There were significant year × location interaction effects for concentrations of all five nutrients. Location-to-location differences were considerably inconsistent across the years. The environmental variation in nutrients of pea straw requires that the optimal strategy of managing the pea straw (particularly using it as part of cattle feed) be based on an extensive sampling of the straw over diverse environments rather than on the average value. Key words: Nutritive composition, field pea straw, environmental variation, Pisum sativum L.

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