scholarly journals Development of a Five-Parameter Model to Facilitate the Estimation of Additive, Dominance, and Epistatic Effects with a Mediating Using Bootstrapping in Advanced Generations of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1325
Author(s):  
Ahmed E. A. Khalaf ◽  
Mohamed A. M. Eid ◽  
Kamal H. Ghallab ◽  
Sherif R. M. El-Areed ◽  
Ahmed A. M. Yassein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Action ◽  
Mathematical Proof ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Algebraic Solution ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Dominance Model ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Local Varieties ◽  
Variable Generation ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

As a result of two crosses among three local varieties of wheat, five populations (P1, P2, F5, F6 and F7) were used as parents and grown during two successive seasons; 2016/2017 and 2017/2018. To estimate five types of gene action (e.g., mean effects, additive, dominance, additive × additive, and dominance × dominance), five formulas were developed from with algebraic solution, algebraic proof, and mathematical proof. Besides, to test adequate of a simple additive-dominance model, three formulas A, B, and C scaling test were developed. The path analysis method by PROCESS Macro, AMOS, and Bootstrapping was employed to assess the relationships between grain yield/plant (GYP) as the dependent variable and each one of the number of spikes (NS) and 1000-grain weight (TW) as the independent variables. The results show that there are eight validated equations used to estimate the scaling test (A, B and C) and five types of gene effects (m, a, D, I and L), respectively. Confidence interval using Bootstrapping results indicate that TW was played as the partial mediator between NS as an exogenous variable and GYP as an endogenous variable. Generation means analysis is a relatively simple and statistically reliable tool suitable for the fundamental estimation of different genetic influences.

scholarly journals GENE ACTIONS OF TRAITS CONTRIBUTING TO LODGING RESISTANCE IN WHEAT (Triticum aestivum L)

2007 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. I. Sarker ◽  
A. K. M. Shamsuddin ◽  
R. Ara
Keyword(s):  
Recurrent Selection ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Breaking Strength ◽  
Gene Interaction ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Lodging Resistance ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Additive Genes

Estimates of gene action for lodging related traits at Wheat Research Center during 1999-2002 in three crosses of wheat showed different genetic control of the traits among the crosses. For almost all traits, additive or dominance effects or both components were significant in either three- or six-parameter model, indicating that both additive and dominance gene effects were operative for different traits contributing to lodging resistance. Although duplicate type of epistasis was also observed for second internode breaking strength, plant height and spikes per plant and grain yield per plant once in different crosses, additive x additive epistasis along with additive gene action for the aforesaid traits would improve selection of the same in the segregating populations. The additive x dominance gene interaction for second internode length, diameter and wall thickness would be useful too for improvement of second internode breaking strength and consequently lodging resistance, as their inheritance and selection in segregating populations would be relatively easier than the traits controlled by completely non-additive genes. For duplicate type of epistasis biparental mating or recurrent selection followed by conventional selection is suggested.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjpbg.v20i2.17031

Genetic analysis of various quantitative traits ininter-varietal crosses of Vigna mungo

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shayla Bindra ◽  
R. K. Mittal ◽  
V. K. Sood ◽  
H. K. Chaudhary
Keyword(s):  
Yield Components ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Duplicate Gene ◽  
Vigna Mungo ◽  
Dominance Model ◽  
Early Generation ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Complementary Gene ◽  
Complementary Gene Action

Gene effects for 13 characters in four crosses of Vigna mungo were studied by six parameter generation mean model to determine the potential for the improvement of yield components. Scaling tests revealed inadequacy of the additive-dominance model for all the traits indicating the presence of non-allelic interactions. Duplicate gene action was observed for six characters in KUG-216 x HPBU-111, five in KUG-216 x Palampur-93, two in IPU-05-13 x Palampur-93 and one in IPU-05-13 x HPBU-111 and complementary gene action for one character each in KUG-216 x Palampur-93 and IPU-05-13 x HPBU-111 cross. Selection in later generations for duplicate gene action and early generation selection involving intermatings in F2 f or complementary gene action should be adopted for harnessing desirable recombinants.

scholarly journals Assessment of Gene Action for Grain Micronutrient Content, Yield and Yield Contributing Traits in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

2020 ◽  
pp. 56-63
Author(s):  
Ashutosh Kumar ◽  
Avinash Kumar ◽  
N. K. Singh ◽  
Rajesh Kumar ◽  
. Nilanjaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Action ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Zinc Content ◽  
Dominance Model ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Gene Effect ◽  
Biotechnological Approach ◽  
Zn Content ◽  
H Gene ◽  
Iron And Zinc

Biofortification of food crops using conventional breeding or biotechnological approach is gaining momentum to alleviate micronutrient malnutrition.  Rice is a nice choice for biofortification of grain iron and zinc content as this is a cheap and chief staple food for millions of peoples world-wide particularly the poor. In present study, generation mean analysis was done to estimate the nature and magnitude of gene effects for grain iron and zinc content in rice cross Khusisoi-RI-Sareku × IR 91175-27-1-3-1-3.  Scaling test and Joint scaling test indicated the influence of epistasis on the expression of yield, its component traits and grain Fe and Zn content and inadequacy of additive-dominance model to explain the variation in different generations. Dominance [h] gene effect was of higher magnitude as compared to additive [d] gene effect for both grain iron and grain zinc content.  Additive × additive, additive × dominance and dominance × dominance component was significant for both grain Fe and Zn content, whereas dominance × dominance component was predominant for both grain Fe and Zn content. Dominance [h] gene effect and dominance × dominance interaction acted in opposite directions, indicating duplicate type of gene action controlling the expression of both grain Fe and grain Zn content which could be a bottleneck to exploit heterosis. Heterosis breeding and recombination breeding with postponement of selection till later generations, could be effective in improving both grain Fe and grain Zn content in rice.

scholarly journals Estimation of Gene Action and Interaction for Some Quantitative Characters in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) by Generation Mean Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 737-744
Author(s):  
Amrita Kumari ◽  
◽  
B. K. Senapati ◽  
Anita Roy Aich ◽  
Aditya Pratap Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Action ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Basic Mechanism ◽  
Generation Mean Analysis ◽  
Dominance Model ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Quantitative Characters ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
Main Gene

The present investigation was conducted to understand the genetic action for controlling the inheritance of some quantitative characters. The experimental materials consisted of three rice varieties, i.e., Mahsuri, Bhutmuri, IR36 and F1, F2, and F3 populations of Mahsuri×Bhutmuri (Cross I) and IR36×Bhutmuri (Cross II). To conduct the generation mean analysis, the parents and their F1, F2, and F3 populations were evaluated during June to October month of Kharif 2016 and Kharif 2017. Generation mean analysis was done for eighteen quantitative characters following the five parameter model. The Analysis of Variance revealed significant differences among the five generations for all the characters studied. The results of the scaling tests and joint scaling test revealed that the Simple additive-dominance model was inadequate for days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, number of panicles plant-1, number of primary branches panicle-1, number of secondary branches panicle-1 in Cross I, while it was for plant height, number of tillers plant-1, number of panicles plant-1, number of grains panicle-1, number of filled grains panicle–1 and fertility % in Cross II. Hence, the present studies have revealed that epistasis as a basic mechanism that cannot be ignored. Thus, formulating breeding policies on only main gene effects i.e. additive and dominance could be misleading.

scholarly journals Inheritance of pre-emergent metribuzin tolerance and putative gene discovery through high-throughput SNP array in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Roopali Bhoite ◽  
Ping Si ◽  
Hui Liu ◽  
Ling Xu ◽  
Kadambot H. M. Siddique ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Snp Array ◽  
Herbicide Tolerance ◽  
Functional Markers ◽  
Dominance Model ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Putative Gene ◽  
Genetic Components

Abstract Background Herbicide tolerance is an important trait that allows effective weed management in wheat crops in dryland farming. Genetic knowledge of metribuzin tolerance in wheat is needed to develop new cultivars for the industry. Here, we investigated gene effects for metribuzin tolerance in nine crosses of wheat by partitioning the means and variances of six basic generations from each cross into their genetic components to assess the gene action governing the inheritance of this trait. Metribuzin tolerance was measured by a visual senescence score 21 days after treatment. The wheat 90 K iSelect SNP genotyping assay was used to identify the distribution of alleles at SNP sites in tolerant and susceptible groups. Results The scaling and joint-scaling tests indicated that the inheritance of metribuzin tolerance in wheat was adequately described by the additive-dominance model, with additive gene action the most significant factor for tolerance. The potence ratio for all the crosses ranged between − 1 and + 1 for senescence under metribuzin-treated conditions indicating a semi-dominant gene action in the inheritance of metribuzin tolerance in wheat. The number of segregating genes governing metribuzin tolerance was estimated between 3 and 15. The consistent high heritability range (0.82 to 0.92) in F5–7 generations of Chuan Mai 25 (tolerant) × Ritchie (susceptible) cross indicated a significant contribution of additive genetic effects to metribuzin tolerance in wheat. Several genes related to photosynthesis (e.g. photosynthesis system II assembly factor YCF48), metabolic detoxification of xenobiotics and cell growth and development (cytochrome P450, glutathione S-transferase, glycosyltransferase, ATP-binding cassette transporters and glutathione peroxidase) were identified on different chromosomes (2A, 2D, 3B, 4A, 4B, 7A, 7B, 7D) governing metribuzin tolerance. Conclusions The simple additive–dominance gene effects for metribuzin tolerance will help breeders to select tolerant lines in early generations and the identified genes may guide the development of functional markers for metribuzin tolerance.

Genetic analysis of yield and quality traits through generation mean analysis in rice

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 256-262
Author(s):  
Ch Sreelakshmi ◽  
P Ramesh Babu
Keyword(s):  
Gene Action ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Generation Mean Analysis ◽  
Dominance Model ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Kernel Length ◽  
Almost All

The present investigation in rice (Oryza sativa L.) was undertaken to study the magnitude of gene action in two cross combinations for eleven yield and twelve quality traits deploying generation mean analysis following six parameter model for parents (P1 and P2), F1, F2, BC1 and BC2 generations during three crop seasons. The results of the scaling tests revealed that the additive-dominance model was inadequate for all of the characters evaluated in both the crosses suggested the existence of epistasis in the inheritance of these characters. Mean values of both the crosses revealed significant for most of the traits except effective bearing tillers per plant, SCMR, harvest index, kernel length and kernel L/B ratio in the cross BPT 5204 x IR 64. Major contribution of duplicate epistasis was revealed by the two crosses, for most of the characters. Few traits revealed complementary epistasis in both the crosses. The present study demonstrates the importance of additive, dominance and epistatic gene effects for the inheritance of almost all the yield as well as quality characters studied.

Gene action for adult-plant resistance to powdery mildew in wheat

Genome ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 277-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. K. Das ◽  
C. A. Griffey
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Plant Resistance ◽  
Adult Plant Resistance ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
Adult Plant ◽  
Additive Interaction ◽  
Dominance Model ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Dominance Interaction

Gene action for adult-plant resistance to powdery mildew was studied using generation mean analyses of parents and of F1, F2, and backcross populations derived from a diallel cross of one susceptible and three adult-plant resistant wheat cultivars. Joint scaling tests showed that an additive–dominance model was sufficient to explain the variability in the expression of adult-plant resistance in one cross, while digenic epistasis was involved in the other five crosses. Additive gene effects were predominant; however, dominance was significant in four crosses, additive × additive interaction was significant in three crosses, additive × dominance interaction was significant in three crosses, and dominance × dominance interaction was significant in one cross. Therefore, selection for adult-plant resistance would likely be most effective in advanced generations derived from crosses among the adult-plant resistant cultivars Redcoat, Houser, and Massey.Key words: gene action, adult-plant resistance, Blumeria, Erysiphe graminis f.sp. tritici, Triticum aestivum.

scholarly journals Genetic Analysis of Salinity Tolerance in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeed Omrani ◽  
Ahmad Arzani ◽  
Mohsen Esmaeilzadeh Moghaddam ◽  
Mehrdad Mahlooji
Keyword(s):  
Salinity Tolerance ◽  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Genetic Variance ◽  
Additive Genetic Variance ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Total Chlorophyll ◽  
Dominance Model ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Quantitative Genetic ◽  
Seven Generations

Abstract Background: The understanding of the genetics of salt tolerance is of utmost need to combat the rising prevalence of soil salinity through employing tolerant cultivars. The current study was carried out to investigate the quantitative genetic basis of agronomical and physiological-related traits of salinity-stressed plants using the seven generations (parents, F1, F2, F3, and backcrosses) of wheat grown in the field under normal and saline conditions. Results: The combined analysis of variance showed highly significant effects of salinity and genotypes (generations) on all the traits. The scaling tests did not support the three-parameter model (additive-dominance model); hence, the six-parameter model was used to assess the genetic effects governing the traits in this study. The epistatic gene effects were crucial, as were additive and dominance gene effects for plant height, K/Na, and yield in salinity stress conditions. The highest heritability was observed for total chlorophyll, carotenoid, SPAD chlorophyll, and K/Na ratio in saline conditions. The additive genetic variance was more important than the dominance variance for grain weight, K, K/Na in salinity conditions. Conclusions: The findings of the current study may have important implications in the quantitative genetics of salinity tolerance and the development of cultivars tolerant to salinity in wheat.

scholarly journals Evaluating Genetic Parameters and Combining Ability of Starch Viscosity Parameters in Rice Cultivars (Oryza sativa L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 665
Author(s):  
Alireza Haghighi Hasanalideh ◽  
Mehrzad Allahgholipour ◽  
Ezatollah Farshadfar
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Breeding Methods ◽  
Narrow Sense ◽  
Narrow Sense Heritability ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Diallel Mating Design ◽  
Additive Gene

This study was undertaken to assess the combining ability of 6 rice varieties, for viscosity parameters and determining gene action controlling Rapid Visco Analyser (RVA) characters. F2 progenies derived from a 6×6 half diallel mating design with their parents were grown in a randomized complete block design with three replications at the research farm of Rice Research Institute of Iran (RRII) in 2015. The diallel analysis by Griffing`s method indicated the involvement of additive and non-additive gene actions controlling RVA traits. For traits PV and FV RI18447-2 and IR50 were the best combiners for increasing and decreasing, respectively. Deylamani and IR50 were the best combiners for increasing and decreasing BV, respectively. Beside, due to more portion of non-additive gene action in controlling trait SV, The Gilaneh × RI18430-46, and Deylamani × RI18430-46 crosses were the best for increasing and decreasing SV, respectively. The high estimates of broad sense heritability and narrow sense heritability for BV and FV, indicated the importance of additive effects in expression of these traits. Therefore, selection base breeding methods will be useful to improve these traits and selection in the early generations could be done to fix the favourable genes. Low estimate of narrow sense heritability for SV revealed that non-additive gene effects play important role in controlling setback viscosity. So, hybrid base breeding methods will be useful to improve this trait.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document