scholarly journals Weed Control Efficacy and Crop-Weed Selectivity of a New Bioherbicide WeedLock

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1488
Author(s):  
Mahmudul Hasan ◽  
Anis Syahirah Mokhtar ◽  
Adam Mustafa Rosli ◽  
Hafizuddin Hamdan ◽  
Mst. Motmainna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Uniform Density ◽  
Untreated Plot ◽  
Ageratum Conyzoides ◽  
Control Efficacy ◽  
Glufosinate Ammonium ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design

Plant-based bioherbicides could be an effective alternative to current chemical herbicides for sustainable agriculture. Therefore, this research evaluated the weed control efficacy and crop-weed selectivity of the new plant-derived bioherbicide WeedLock compared to commercial herbicides in glasshouse and field conditions. In the glasshouse, the herbicides applied were WeedLock (672.75, 1345.50, 2691.00 L ha−1), glyphosate isopropyl-amine, and glufosinate-ammonium (1, 2, 4 L ha−1), over the untreated (control) on six weeds and four crops. In the field trial, typical weeds were allowed to grow at a uniform density across plots (2.5 × 2.5 m), and WeedLock (1345.50, 2691.00 L ha−1), glyphosate isopropyl-amine, and glufosinate-ammonium (2, 4 L ha−1) were applied along with untreated plot (control). A randomized complete block design was set with four replications for glasshouse and field experiments. WeedLock at 1345.50 L ha−1 showed efficacy similar to glyphosate isopropyl-amine and glufosinate-ammonium at 2 L ha−1 for Ageratum conyzoides L. in the glasshouse. Applied herbicides killed all tested crops except Zea mays L. at 1345.50 L ha−1 (WeedLock). WeedLock showed more than 50% efficacy at 35 days after spray, while 65% was produced by glyphosate isopropyl-amine and glufosinate-ammonium compared to the untreated plot (control). WeedLock has excellent potential to control weeds in both glasshouse and field conditions and showed a non-selective character.

A Rationale for Atrazine Stewardship in Corn

Weed Science ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clarence J. Swanton ◽  
Robert H. Gulden ◽  
Kevin Chandler
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Economic Benefit ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Environmental Concerns ◽  
Design Experiment ◽  
Control Efficacy ◽  
Agricultural Producers ◽  
A Value ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Reduced Risk

In several European nations, including France and Germany, atrazine has been banned because of environmental concerns. However, in Canada, atrazine remains an important component of modern weed control in corn. The objectives of this study were to determine the value of atrazine to corn producers by examining weed control efficacy, yield of corn, adjusted gross return, and the variability associated with PRE and POST herbicides applied alone or in combination with atrazine. A randomized complete-block design experiment was conducted at two locations for 3 yr to evaluate the performance of selected PRE and POST herbicides with and without atrazine. The addition of atrazine to PRE herbicides increased weed control (25%), improved herbicide performance consistency, increased corn yields (8%), increased adjusted gross return (Can$59 ha−1), and reduced risk ($30 ha−1) over sites and years. Although improving weed control, the addition of atrazine to POST herbicides increased the risk of return compared with treatments without atrazine by about $20 ha−1because the increased cost of atrazine was not always offset by higher corn yields. Our results clearly demonstrate a value of atrazine for broadleaf weed control in corn, both in terms of efficacy and economic return. From our findings, we estimated that the economic benefit of atrazine to Ontario, Canada, corn producers to be at least $26.1 million in 2004. Under current economic pressures facing agricultural producers, our findings show that a balance between the environmental effects and the benefits of atrazine to corn producers must be found because no alternative herbicide with equal economic and agronomic attributes is available at this time. To meet this balance, research on further reducing atrazine use rates while maintaining effective weed control in corn and on developing a sustainable stewardship plan is warranted.

Bio-efficacy of post emergence herbicides in boro rice nursery as well as main field and their residual effects on non-target microorganisms

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 199-210
Author(s):  
Rajib Kundu ◽  
Mousumi Mondal ◽  
Sourav Garai ◽  
Ramyajit Mondal ◽  
Ratneswar Poddar
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Main Field ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Similar Treatment

Field experiments were conducted at research farm of Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Kalyani, West Bengal, India (22°97' N latitude and 88°44' E longitude, 9.75 m above mean sea level) under natural weed infestations in boro season rice (nursery bed as well as main field) during 2017-18 and 2018-19 to evaluate the herbicidal effects on weed floras, yield, non-target soil organisms to optimize the herbicide use for sustainable rice-production. Seven weed control treatments including three doses of bispyribac-sodium 10% SC (150,200, and 250 ml ha-1), two doses of fenoxaprop-p-ethyl 9.3% EC (500 and 625 ml ha-1), one weed free and weedy check were laid out in a randomized complete block design, replicated thrice. Among the tested herbicides, bispyribac-sodium with its highest dose (250 ml ha-1) resulted in maximum weed control efficiency, treatment efficiency index and crop resistance index irrespective of weed species and dates of observation in both nursery as well as main field. Similar treatment also revealed maximum grain yield (5.20 t ha-1), which was 38.38% higher than control, closely followed by Fenoxaprop-p-ethyl (625 ml ha-1) had high efficacy against grasses, sedge and broadleaf weed flora. Maximum net return (Rs. 48765 ha-1) and benefit cost ratio (1.72) were obtained from the treatment which received bispyribac-sodium @ 250 ml ha-1. Based on overall performance, the bispyribac-sodium (250 ml ha-1) may be considered as the best herbicide treatment for weed management in transplanted rice as well as nursery bed.

scholarly journals Effect of spacing and fertilizer management on the yield and yield attributes of mukhikachu (Colocasia esculenta Schott.)

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 713-723
Author(s):  
S Akther ◽  
F Ahmed ◽  
MR Islam ◽  
MA Hossen ◽  
AHMM Rahman Talukder
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Recommended Dose ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Plant Spacing ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Maximum Benefit ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Benefit Cost

Field experiments were carried out in the Agronomy field of BARI, Joydebpur, RARS, Jamalpur and RARS, Ishurdi during two consecutive kharif seasons of 2012 and 2013 to determine the suitable plant spacing and optimum fertilizer dose for higher yield of mukhikachu. Three levels of spacing viz., 60 cm x 60 cm, 60 cm x 45 cm and 60 cm x 30 cm and three levels of fertilizer dose viz., recommended dose (3000-96-27-81-18 kg ha-1 of CD-N-P-K-S), 25% less than the recommended dose and 25% higher than the recommended dose were used as treatment variables. The experiments were laid out in factorial randomized complete block design with three replications. Results revealed that the closer spacing (60 cm x 30 cm) in combination with 25% higher than the recommended fertilizer dose gave the maximum edible yield of mukhikachu (two years average) at all locations (20.04 t ha-1, 20.75 t ha-1 and 16.63 t ha-1 at Joydebpur, Jamalpur and Ishurdi, respectively). The wider spacing (60 cm x 60 cm) coupled with 25% less than the recommended fertilizer dose produced the lowest yield (two years average). The maximum benefit- cost ratio (two years average) was obtained from the combination of the recommended fertilizer dose and 60 cm x 30 cm spacing, that were 2.93 at Joydebpur and 3.42 at Ishurdi, while at Jamalpur the maximum benefit-cost ratio (two years average) was found maximum from 60 cm x 30 cm spacing with 25% higher than the recommended fertilizer dose (3.12).Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 41(4): 713-723, December 2016

scholarly journals Length of Efficacy for Control of Curly Top in Sugar Beet With Seed and Foliar Insecticides

Plant Disease ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 100 (7) ◽  
pp. 1364-1370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl A. Strausbaugh ◽  
Erik J. Wenninger ◽  
Imad A. Eujayl
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Host Resistance ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Root Yield ◽  
Pyrethroid Insecticides ◽  
Beet Curly Top Virus ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Untreated Check

Curly top in sugar beet caused by Beet curly top virus (BCTV) is an important yield-limiting disease that can be reduced via neonicotinoid and pyrethroid insecticides. The length of efficacy of these insecticides is poorly understood; therefore, field experiments were conducted with the seed treatment Poncho Beta (clothianidin at 60 g a.i. + beta-cyfluthrin at 8 g a.i. per 100,000 seed) and foliar treatment Asana (esfenvalerate at 55.48 g a.i./ha). A series of four experiments at different locations in the same field were conducted in 2014 and repeated in a neighboring field in 2015, with four treatments (untreated check, Poncho Beta, Asana, and Poncho Beta + Asana) which were arranged in a randomized complete block design with eight replications. To evaluate efficacy, viruliferous (contain BCTV strains) beet leafhoppers were released 8, 9, 10, or 11weeks after planting for each experiment, which corresponded to 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks after Asana application. Over both years, in 30 of 32 observation dates for treatments with Poncho Beta and 14 of 16 observation dates for Asana, visual curly top ratings decreased an average of 41 and 24%, respectively, with insecticide treatments compared with the untreated check. Over both years, in eight of eight experiments for treatments with Poncho Beta and six of eight experiments for Asana, root yields increased an average of 39 and 32%, respectively, with treatment compared with the untreated check. Over both years, the Poncho Beta treatments increased estimated recoverable sucrose (ERS) yield by 75% compared with the untreated check for weeks 8 and 9. By week 10, only the Poncho Beta + Asana treatment led to increases in ERS in both years, while the influence of increasing host resistance may have made other treatments more difficult to separate. When considering curly top symptoms, root yield, and ERS among all weeks and years, there was a tendency for the insecticides in the Poncho Beta + Asana treatment to complement each other to improve efficacy.

The randomized complete block design.

2021 ◽  
pp. 177-191
Author(s):  
Edward F. Durner
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Potential Gradient ◽  
Single Treatment ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design

Abstract This chapter focuses on randomized complete block design (RCBD). The RCBD can be simple, holding several levels of a single treatment, or complex, holding a complicated factorial. Field experiments may be blocked due to an observed or potential gradient in the field where the experiment will be performed. The yield of four lettuce cultivars was used as an example.

Effectiveness of different weed control practices in onion (Allium cepa L.) crop

2020 ◽  
pp. 47-51
Author(s):  
Muhammad Nafees ◽  
Ishtiaq Ahmad ◽  
Maryam ◽  
Muhammad Ahsan ◽  
Muhammad Rashid Shaheen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Weed Biomass ◽  
Allium Cepa L ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Number Of Leaves

Onion (Allium cepa L.) is one of the most important vegetables in family Alliaceae, which is cultivated worldwide. In onion, weeds are among one of the major concerns which cause its yield reduction. The present study was designed to assess the effectiveness of different methods for weed control in onion. In this study, five treatments were selected including control, black polythene mulch sheet, white polythene mulch sheet, Dual Gold spray @ 9.0 mL L-1 and Preact spray @ 7.5 mL L-1 to control weeds. The weedicides were applied as pre-emergence sprays before transplanting the seedlings. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. From the results, it was concluded that there were significant differences among the studied weed control treatments. Among the five treatments, greater plant height (33.0 cm), number of leaves per plant (8), bulb diameter (4.7 cm) and bulb weight (73 g) were observed in the ridges covered with black mulch sheet. However, the minimum weed biomass (fresh and dry) was recorded in black mulch sheet and Preact pre-emergence weedicide spray (140 and 80 g in both). Thus, black polythene sheet as mulching material was found better option for weed management in onion fields.

scholarly journals Weed Dynamics in Various Cultivars of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) under Direct Seeding and Transplanting Conditions in Lamjung

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-167
Author(s):  
Basu Paudel ◽  
Abhisek Shrestha ◽  
Lal Prasad Amgain ◽  
Madhav Prasad Neupane Neupane
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Direct Seeding ◽  
Ageratum Conyzoides ◽  
Weed Population ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Weed Dynamics ◽  
Control Management ◽  
Statistical Results

Even though rice is a major crop of Nepal, its’ productivity seems very low in South Asia due to high infestation of weeds. Therefore, a field research was conducted in the field of Lamjung Campus, Sundarbazar from July-October, 2015. Two Factorial Randomized Complete Block Design under direct seeding (DSR) and transplanted (TPR) cultivations with weeded and non-weeded check for diverse rice cultivars (US-382, Sukha-2, NR-10676, NR-10490 and Khumal-10) as treatments was executed in field with 3 replications. Statistical results indicated that Rotataindica, Fimbristylis miliacea, Ageratum conyzoides, Cyperusiria, Polygonum barbatum and Cynadon dactylon were found as the major weeds under both DSR and TPR whereas Paspalum distichum L., Alternanthera sessiles L., Echinochloa colona L., Digitariasp., Amischophacelus axillaris L., Echinochloa crusgalli L. were minor. Rotataindica was found the major weed in TPR. It was seemed that the highest weed population recorded for US-382(131.7/m2),when cultivated under TPR system but it was completely absent under DSR. Meanwhile Cynadon dactylon was completely absent in weeded region of TPR system, which in contrary was the highest in weeded field of DSR with variety US-382(18.7/m2). Similar results were found in case of biomass for varieties consisting higher number of weeds while it was lowest in weeded field of NR-10490 shown as TPR. Highest grain yield was obtain from the weeded region of US-382(7.7 t/ha) of TPR system whereas lowest yield was found in varieties NR-10490 and NR-10676 (1.8 t/ha) of non-weeded region of DSR system. With the increase in biomass of weed the yield of rice decrease gradually with co-relation, y = -0.0119x + (R² = 0.1251). Hence, without effective weed control management we can’t increase the productivity of rice.Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 5(2): 159-167

scholarly journals Efikasi Herbisida Amonium Glufosinatt Gulma Umum Pada Perkebunan Karet yang Menghasilkan [Hevea Brasiliensis (Muell.) Arg]

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurjannah Yuliana Hastuti ◽  
Dad Resiworo J. Sembodo ◽  
Rusdi Evizal
Keyword(s):  
Hevea Brasiliensis ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dosage Level ◽  
Composition Change ◽  
Mechanical Control ◽  
Glufosinate Ammonium ◽  
Ammonium Glufosinate ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Agricultural Faculty

This research was aimed to determine the efficacy of glufosinate ammonium on weed in rubber plants and to know it composition change. Research was conducted in the PTPN 7 UU Way Galih, Tanjung Bintang, and Weed Laboratory, Agricultural Faculty, University of Lampung, during June – August 2013. The Research using randomized complete block design with 6 treatments(t1= 225 g ha-1; t2= 300 g ha-1; t3= 375 g ha-1; t4= 450 g ha-1; t5= mechanical control; t6= control/ no treatment) and 4 replications. Data obtained were analyzed using analysis of variant. Homogenity using Bartlet Tast and aditifity using Tuckey Test. Differences in median tested using Least Significant Differenc (LSD) level 5%.Results: (1) all treatments of ammonium glufosinate (225 – 450 gha-1) significantly reduced weed total, broad leaves, and Selaginella wildenowii for 12 Weeks After Aplication (WAA). (2) Ottochloa nodosa and Grasses can be controlled only in higest dosage level of ammonium glufosinat (450 g ha-1) at 4 WAA. (3) Cyrtococcum acrescens can’t be controlled by treatments of ammonium glufosinate herbicide (225 – 450 g ha-1). Keywords : Ammonium glufosinate, weed, Hevea brasiliensis.

scholarly journals Integrated effects of vermicompost with chemical fertilizers on the yield of mustard

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-88
Author(s):  
MA Haque ◽  
MM Ali
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Chemical Fertilizer ◽  
Chemical Fertilizers ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Cropping Season ◽  
Native Soil ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Agroecological Zones

Field experiments were conducted in three Agroecological zones (AEZ) at Farmer’s field, Rangpur (AEZ-3), Farmer’s field, Ishurdi (AEZ-11) and BINA farm, Mymensingh (AEZ-9) to investigate the integrated effect of vermicompost and chemical fertilizers (CF) on Mustard (Brassica napus L.) during 2017-18 cropping season to reduce the usage of chemical fertilizer for mustard cultivation. The experiments were carried out with eight treatments and three replications in Randomized Complete Block Design. The treatments for the crops used in the experiments were T1: Native soil fertility, T2:100% chemical fertilizer (CF),T3: 75% CF, T4: 75% CF + Vermicompost (VC) @ 4 t ha-1, T5:85% CF ,T6: 85% CF + VC @ 4 t ha-1 T7: 75% CF +VC @ 2 t ha-1­­­­ and T8: 85% CF+VC @ 2 tha-1. Fertilizers applied on the basis of soil test (STB). Application of vermicompost with chemical fertilizer increased the yield attributes and yields of mustard. The treatment T6 (85% CF + VC @ 4 tha-1) gave the tallest plant height, greatest number of pods plant-1 and siliqua pod-1 and maximum seed (1.82, 1.26 and 1.49 t ha-1 at Rangpur, Ishurdi and Mymensingh, respectively) and straw yields of mustard at all the location with the few exception. But the treatment T6 gave the identical results with the treatments T8, T4 and T2. Application of vermicompost also increased the N, P and K uptakes of mustard at all the location. The treatments T6 T8 and T4 gave statistically identical nutrients uptakes to the treatment T2 (100%CF). The results revealed that 75% CF with 4 t ha-1 vermicompost or 85% CF with 2 t ha-1 vermicompost almost equally effective to produce seed yield of mustard which was also comparable with the full dose (100%) of chemical fertilizers (NPKS) in all the location. Therefore 15-25% chemical fertilizer (NPKS) could be reduced either with the application of 75% CF with 4 t ha-1 vermicompost or 85% CF with 2 t ha-1 vermicompost for mustard cultivation. Progressive Agriculture 31 (2): 81-88, 2020

scholarly journals Effect of neem fertilizer rates and weed control methods on the growth and yield of soybeans (Glycine max (L.) merrill) in north Central Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-47
Author(s):  
Y. Garba ◽  
Z. Yakubu ◽  
A.I. Yakubu ◽  
J. Alhassan ◽  
M. Gana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
North Central ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Experimental Treatments ◽  
Fertilizer Rates

Two field experiments were conducted at the Research Farm of the Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University, Lapai, Niger State during the 2018 and 2019 rainy seasons to determine the effect of neem fertilizer rates and weed control methods on the growth and yields of soybeans. The experimental treatments were made up of four neem fertilizer rates (0, 50, 100 and 150 kg ha-1) and six weed control methods (pendimethalin at 1.5 kg a.i ha-1 followed by one hoe weeding, pendimethalin at 2.0 kg a.i. ha-1 followed by diuron at 1.5 kg a.i ha-1, weeding once at 3 WAS, weeding twice at 3 and 6 WAS, weed free and weedy check. The experiment was a 3 × 3 factorial experiment laid out in a Randomize complete block design replicated three times. TGX 1448 – 2E variety of soybean was used for the study. Result showed that weed control efficiency was better with the use of 150 kg ha-1 of neem fertilizer, while decrease in weed dry matter was obtained at 50 kg ha-1. Increase in number of leaves and leaf area were encouraged with 150 kg ha-1 of neem fertilizer. Weed free treatments recorded the highest grain yield and 100 seed weight of soybean. Pendimethalin at 1.5 or 2.0 kg a.i ha-1 supplemented with one hoe weeding or diuron at 1.5 kg a.i ha-1 respectively can be an alternative for better control of weeds to obtain greater yield of soybean in the study area.

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