Preface International Seminar on Agriculture, Biodiversity, Food Security, And Health (ABFSH) 2020

Agricultural Faculty of Pattimura University organized International Seminar on Agriculture, Biodiversity, Food Security, And Health (ABFSH) 2020 on 10 December 2020 in Ambon, Maluku, Indonesia. The theme of our international seminar is: “Sustainable Natural Resources And Food Production Development During Covid 19 Pandemi”. The main objective of this agricultural seminar is not only to generate information on the availability of food and raw materials, but also to grow healthy and well-nourished people. One of the important tasks besides ensuring the availability of sufficient and healthy food for the world's population in a sustainable manner so that all people can lead healthy and productive lives, which is more important in this era of COVID-19. With the world's population increasing in the future, the link between agriculture, biodiversity, food security and sustainability to support health and well-being needs to be addressed. Writing scientific articles is a very important activity for a professional educator. This activity is not only necessary in order to obtain credit points for promotion or for certification purposes through portfolios, but with this international activity it has become a forum for building partnerships with outside partners, both main speakers and fellow lecturers and researchers from various other institutions and universities in Indonesia. The international seminar was attended by 95 speakers from various institutions, Pattimura University - Ambon, and also other universities in Indonesia. This seminar can be held thanks to the help of various parties. For this reason, on this occasion allow us on behalf of the 2020 International Agricultural Seminar Committee to thank the Pattimura University Chancellor and his staff, the Dean of the Faculty of Agriculture and his staff, as well as various other parties who have participated to assist in the implementation of the seminar which we cannot mention one by one. We also convey our highest appreciation to all the committees who have worked hard for the success of this seminar. Last but not the least, we are thankful to IOP EES for producing the proceeding. Editors 1. Dr. Esther Kembauw, SP., M.Si 2. Dr. Asri S. Mahulette, SP., MP 3. Dr. Natelda. R. Timisela, SP., MP 4. Dr. Febby. J. Polnaya, SP., MP 5. Dr. Robbi Rahim, M.Kom Invited Speaker 1. Supot Boonraeng (Faculty of Agriculture Technology Chiang Mai Rajabhat University – Thailand) 2. Abu Hasan B Abdul Jalli (Agronomist, Landscape and Beescape Consultant, Meliponiculturist and Meliponary Consultant) Malaysia Kelulut Academy 3. Dr. Hellen C. D. Tuhumury, SP., M.FoodSc (Faculty of Agriculture Pattimura University Maluku - Indonesia) Organizing Institutions • Agricultural Faculty of Pattimura University, Ambon, Indonesia

THE BOBY DIMENSIONS OF LOCAL CHICKENS AT THE PULLET PHASE AFTER L-THREONINE AND L-TRYPTOPHAN SUPPLEMENT IN FED

ABSTRACT The purpose of this experiment was to know the body dimensions of Kampong chickens at the pullet phase after l-threonine and l-tryptophan supplement in the feed. This experiment was conducted in Kelurahan Sasi and the Laboratory of Agricultural Faculty, University of Timor, Kefamenanu from July 2019 to September 2019. The experiment used 96 fourteen-week kampong chickens, was designed with a Completely Randomized Design, consisting of 4 treatments and 4 replications. The dietary treatments were T0 (control feed), T1 (supplementation of 0.15% l-threonine and 0.06% l-tryptophan), T2 (supplementation of 0.37% l-threonine and 0.11% l-tryptophan), and T3 (supplementation of 0.50% l-threonine and 0.15% l-tryptophan). The variables measured were body weight, chest circle, sternum length, wing length, back length, femur, tibia, and shank circle. Data obtained was analyzed by analysis of variance and Duncan’s test. The result showed that the bodyweight of T0, T1, T2, and T3 were 1542.83±10.54, 1600.03±1.82, 1638.49±14.97, and 1716.85±23.84 g/bird, respectively. The chest circle, wing length, back length, sternum length, femur, tibia, circle and length of shank were 26.20±1.87, 26.38±0.47, 28.63±2.21, and 29.83±1.83 cm/bird; 17.78±1.00, 17.98±0.36, 18.75±0.95, and 19.85±1.63 cm/bird; 15.75±0.64, 16.50±1.08, 18.50±0.57, and 18.38±0.85 cm/bird; 12.93±1.77, 13.75±1.19, 13.88±0.85, and 14.73±0.48 cm/bird; 10.50±0.70, 10.93±1.20, 10.95±0.10, and 11.73±0.73 g/bird; 10.70±0.50, 11.10±0.89, 12.23±0.58, and 12.15±0.57 cm/bird; 4.23±0.05, 4.20±0.21, 4.23±0.22, and 4.40±0.20 cm/bird; and 8.90±0.11; 8.88±0.47; 9.13±0.62, and 10.38±0.62 cm/bird, respectively. Statistical analysis showed that levels of l-threonine and l-tryptophan significantly affected body weight, chest circle, sternum length, wing length, and back length (P<0,05). It was concluded that supplementation with 0.50% l-threonine and 0.15% l-tryptophan to the diet increases the body dimensions kampong chickens at the pullet phase.

UJI AKTIVITAS INSEKTISIDA BEBERAPA EKSTRAK TANAMAN PADA HAM A LIRIOMYZA SATIVAE (BLANCHARD)

The usage of herbal insecticide for leafminer control is based on the principle that organic compounds that are produced by plants to survive from the leafminer are selective, can be digested by the organism, and also can be broken down by heat, oxygen, and sunshine. This study was to test the activity of 15 plant extracts to find out which kinds of plant extracts had insecticide activity to Liriomyza Sativa. The study design was a randomized block design, with 17 treatments (15 kinds of plant extract and two controls), and was replicated five times. The trials were done at the glasshouse of Pest and Plant Disease Department of Agricultural Faculty at Udayana University. The results of the study showed that each plant extract that was used in this trial had different insecticide activity to L Sativa. The seed coat extract from the seed A. occidentale L. and the extract of P. retrofractum Vahl had the highest insecticide activity to L sativae.

KERAGAMAN JENIS DAN PERILAKU PEMANGSA PREDATOR YANG BERASOSIASI DENGAN HAMA KEPIK PENGISAP BUAH KAKAOHelopeltis spp. PADA TANAMAN KAKAO

Helopeltis spp. is one of the pests that attack cocoa fruit and can lead to decreased quality and quantity of fruit. Efforts to control that can be done is the utilization of natural enemy one of them is a predator. The large predator populations in the cocoa ecosystem will decrease the pest population of Helopeltisspp. the aim of this study was to know the predator species of pests associated with Helopeltisspp pests and predatory behavior. This research was conducted in Ende Sub-district in 6 villages and Laboratory of Agricultural Faculty of Flores University from March to May 2017. The method used was observation in the field by taking predator samples and observed their morphology and testing of predatory behavior. The variables observed were predators and behavioral diversity and predator predation time. The results obtained 3 species of predators namely Oecophyllasmaragdina, Gasteracanthacancriformis, and Leucaugevenusta. The diversity of predator types associated with Helopeltis spp. all of which are low in Randorama village of 0.29; Randotonda village 0.31; village Ndetundora I 0.26; village Ndetundora II 0.16; village Ndetundora III 0.18; and Embutheru village 0.23. Predator behavior of each predator differs from the predation time of Oecophyllasmaragdina 47 min/ tail, Gasteracanthacancriformis 1 hour 51 min/tail and Leucaugevenusta 1 hour 29 min/ head.

The Role Corn Varieties on Biomass, Stomata and Cholorophyll on a Nutrient Stress

This study conducted on Soil and Plant of Laboratory, Screen House Experimental Farms on 2016 July until December on Agricultural Faculty, Syiah Kuala University, Darussalam Banda Aceh, Indonesia. This study used a Randomized Completely Design (RCD) with 36 treatments and three replications. They are have two factors such as Varieties have 9 procedures, and nutrient stress have 4 treatments. The parameter was observed on biomass, a total of stomata and chlorophyll. The result showed that varieties and nutrient stress were significantly on biomass, the whole of stomata and chlorophyll. The best of biomass was found on Sri Kandi kuning, and the lowest was found on anoman 1. The best of a total of stomata was found on anoman 1 and the lowest was found on sukmaraja. The heavy of chlorophyll was found on bima and the lowest was found on anoman 1. The best biomass was found on the nutrient of stress in formula AB and the lowest was found on magnesium. The best stomata on nutrient stress were found on formula AB, and the lowest was found on magnesium. The heavy of chlorophyll on stress hara was found formula AB and the lowest was found on Kalium. The best combination on biomass was found Sri Kandi Kuning and formula AB, the lowest was found on anoman 1 dan magnesium. The best combination on stomata was found on gumarang and formula AB, dan the lowest was found on sukmaraja dan magnesium.

Pengaruh Dosis Mulsa Ampas Tebu terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Beberapa Varietas Bawang Merah (Allium ascalonicum L.)

Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dosis mulsa ampas tebu dan varietas bawang merah serta interaksi antara keduanya terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman bawang merah. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Syiah Kuala yang berlangsung dari bulan Juli sampai September 2017. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok pola faktorial 3x3 dengan 3 kali ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah dosis mulsa ampas tebu dengan 3 taraf (5, 10 dan 15 ton/ha). Faktor kedua adalah varietas dengan 3 taraf (Bima Brebes, Vietnam dan Bangkok). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dosis mulsa ampas tebu berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman umur 10, 20 dan 30 HST, berpengaruh tidak nyata terhadap jumlah umbi per rumpun, jumlah anakan per rumpun, diameter umbi, bobot berangkasan basah, bobot basah umbi, bobot berangkasan kering, bobot kering umbi, serta potensi hasil bawang merah. Pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman bawang merah terbaik dijumpai pada dosis mulsa ampas tebu 15 ton/ha. Varietas bawang merah berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap semua peubah yang diamati. Penggunaan varietas terbaik dijumpai pada varietas Vietnam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat interaksi yang tidak nyata antara dosis mulsa ampas tebu dengan varietas bawang merah terhadap semua peubah.Effect of Dose Bagasse Mulch on The Growth and Yield Some varieties of Shallot (Allium ascalonicum L.)Abstract. This study aimed to determine the effect of best dose mulch bagasse, varieties and interaction between the bagasse mulch with variety to growth and yield of the shallot. This research was conducted in Experimental Farm Agricultural Faculty of Syiah Kuala University, from July toSeptember 2017. This study used a randomized block design factorial 3 x 3 with three duplications. The first factor is the dose bagasse mulch 3 levels (5, 10 and 15 t ha-1). The second factorvariety of shallot 3 levels (Bima Brebes, Vietnam and Bangkok). The results showed that the dose of bagasse mulch very significant effect on plant height age 10, 20 and 30 DAP, not significant effect on number of tillers per clump, number of bulb, bulb diameter, wet stover weight, wet bulb weight, dry stover weight, dry bulb weight , anda potential yield. The growth and yield of the best shallot seen in dose bagasse mulch 15 t ha-1. The variety of shallot has very significant effect on all variables. The best use of variety is found in Vietnam varieties. The result showed that there was no significant interaction between the bagasse mulch withvariety against all variables.

FORMATION OF VALUE ORIENTATIONS OF STUDENTS OF AGRICULTURAL FACULTY AS A FOUNDING FACTOR FOR PREPARING HIGHLY QUALIFIED PERSONNEL

The article identifies and analyzes the leading factors of education that influence the development of the moral student’s spiritual personality. The formation, development and improvement of the value orientations of future specialists in the agricultural sector should be given special attention due to the specifics of their work with land and human resources, which are the most important source of the formation of national self-consciousness, civic consciousness and human behavior.

Effects of Planting Distance on Yield and Agro-morphological Characteristics of Local Rice (Bara Variety) in Northeast Afghanistan

To evaluate the effect of planting distance on yield and agro-morphological characteristics of Bara variety (local variety of rice), a field experiment was carried out at the experimental station of the Agricultural Faculty of Kunduz University in 2016. Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD) with four replications was used in the experiment. Transplanting distances with four levels viz. 10x10 cm, 15x15 cm, 20x20 cm, and 25 x 25 cm were used as treatment. Results showed that planting distance had significant effects on tillers number, leaf color, non-filled grain, total grain, and 1000 grains weight. In contrary, no significant effects on plant height, panicle length, number of filled grain per panicle and grain yield were observed between spacing. The spacing of 25 x 25 cm had produced the highest performance for most of the agro-morphological traits evaluated. Grain yield was found similar in all spacing but other yield components like total number of tillers (16.63) and total grain per panicle (119.43) were found statistically superior in 25 x 25 cm planting distance. Overall, the results of this study revealed that the planting distance of 25 x 25 cm seemed to be the best as requires lower seed and fertilizer (lower cost) and can, therefore, be suggested to the farmers for a better valorization of Bara variety in northeastern Afghanistan. Similar investigations are strongly recommended in other agro-ecological zones of the country where Bara variety is largely grown to confirm these findings.

Pengaruh Pemberian Pupuk Hayati dan Pupuk N, P, K Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Tanaman Bawang Merah (Allium ascalonicum L.)

The research aims to study the effect of the application ultra gen biofertilizer and N, P, K fertilizer on the growth and production of onion (Allium ascalonicum L.). The research was conducted at Agricultural Faculty Experimental Unit, University of Riau, Pekanbaru. The research in form factorial experimentally 5x3 arranged in a completely randomized design. The first factor was ultra gen biofertilizer consists of 5 levels (without, 50, 100, 150 and 200 l.ha-1). The second factor was a N, P, K fertilizer consists of 3 levels (without, 100 kg N + 45 kg P2O5 + 37,5 kg K2O and 200 kg N + 90 kg P2O5 + 75 kg K2O.ha-1), each combination was repeated 3 times. The parameters observed were number of bulb per clump, circumference of bulb, weight of bulb fresh per clump, weight of bulb fresh per plot and weight of bulb consumption per plot. The application of ultra gen biofertilizer doses of 100 l.ha-1and N, P, K fertilizer 100 kg N + 45 kg P2O5 + 37,5 kg K2O.ha-1 increased weight of bulb fresh per clump, weight of bulb fresh per plot and weight of bulb consumption per plot significantly compared to another combination, but not significantly on number of bulb per clump and circumference of bulb.

Increasing The Production of Thai Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) Grown at Altitude of 2 Masl Using Mycorrhizal Biofertilizer

This study was aimed to increase the production of Thai eggplant (Solanum melongena L) grown at altitude of 2 masl using myccohirzal biofertilizer. The study was conducted in Experimental Farm of Agricultural Faculty of Campus II University of Cokroaminoto Palopo, Batu Pasi Sub-district, Wara Utara District, Palopo City. This research applied the method of Randomized Block Design with four replicants and five treatments; P0 = Without treatment (control), P1 = Mycorrhizal fertilizer of 5 gr/plant, P2 = Mycorrhizal fertilizer of 10 gr/plant, P3 = Mycorrhizal fertilizer of 15 gr/plant, and P4 = Mycorrhizal fertilizer of 20 gr/plant. Research of this study showed that one treatment significantly affected the root length of eggplant, namely P2 with root length of 39.42 cm. In general, application of mycorrhizal fertilizer did not significantly affect the growth and production of eggplant, but several doses resulted in better outcome. Treatment of P3 obtained the best plant height of 9.22 cm, while the best average flowering age was found in P2 and P4 of 31.8 days after planting. Moreover, P3 and P4 produced the most number of flower, namely 3.83 flowers, while the most number of fruits was obtained by P4 of 3.53 fruits. At last, P3 produced the heaviest fresh weight of fruit of 221.13 gram