Enhancement in Bell Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) Plants with Application of Roholtiella sp. (Nostocales) under Soilless Cultivation

Cyanobacteria are found to be renewable and sustainable additives for growth improvement in crops. Extracts and biomass of three nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria namely, Roholtiella sp. (QUCCCM97), Nostoc ellipsosporum (QUCCCM99), and Desmonostoc danxiaense (QUCCCM112) isolated from Qatar desert environment were tested for their ability to enhance the growth of bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) seedlings. Soilless cultivation experiments were carried out by applying the biomass and the aqueous extract of the three cyanobacteria separately. Seedlings were transplanted to Hoagland’s solution under regulated conditions. In total, 2, 4, and 6 mL L−1 of the three microalgae extract as well as 1 and 2 mg L−1 of the three microalgae biomasses (as biofertilizer) were added to the Hoagland solution. An assessment of seedling growth parameters such as shoot length, root length, fresh weight, dry weight, spad index, number of leaves per plant, and growth rate was performed. However, among the different doses and concentrations of investigated QUCCCM97, 99, and 112, our findings revealed that shoot length (cm), root length (cm), fresh weight (g), the number of leaves per plant, and growth rate were positively affected and significantly increased at maximum dose/concentration compared to control plants. With QUCCCM97, shoot length, root length, fresh weight, the number of leaves, and the growth rate increased by 17.5%, 40.3%, 26.0%, 21.6%, and 22.8%, respectively, compared to the control. Additionally, with QUCCCM99, the same parameters increased by 12.3%, 25.3%, 15.1%, 9.3%, 51.8%, respectively. While in presence of QUCCCM112, they increased by 8.7%, 30.1%, 15.6%, 5.4%, 48.6%, respectively. Our results demonstrated that extracts and biomass of cyanobacteria strains investigated here, and particularly Roholtiella sp. (Nostocales), have an enhancement potential of the seedling growth and could be used in modern agriculture to enhance productivity under the soilless system and ensure sustainability.

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Growth Assessment of Tropical Sugarbeet as Influenced by Spacing

Bangladesh Agronomy Journal ◽

10.3329/baj.v23i2.52452 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 23 (2) ◽

pp. 51-58

Author(s):

MAT Sohel ◽

MAE Hossain ◽

HP Roy ◽

SM Reza ◽

FH Shanta ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Root Length ◽

Block Design ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Research Field ◽

Shoot Length ◽

Fresh Weight ◽

Shoot Fresh Weight ◽

Number Of Leaves ◽

Maximum Root

The experiment was carried out at the research field of Agronomy and Farming Systems Division, Bangladesh Sugarcrop Research Institute (BSRI), Ishurdi, Pabna during 2012-2013 to determine the most suitable spacing for sugarbeet cultivation in Bangladesh. The experiment was conducted with nine spacing viz. 50 cm × 20 cm, 60 cm × 20 cm, 70 cm × 20 cm, 50 cm × 25 cm, 60 cm × 25 cm, 70 cm × 25 cm, 50 cm × 30 cm, 60 cm × 30 cm and 70 cm × 30 cm in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The effects of spacing on sugarbeet plantation were observed on growth and growth contributing components (germination percentage, number of leaves plant-1, root length, shoot length, root fresh weight, shoot fresh weight, root dry weight, shoot dry weight, crop growth rate) of sugarbeet. The highest germination percentage (95.67%), number of leaves plant-1 (34.33) at 30 DAS, shoot length (54.07 cm) at 120 DAS, root fresh weight (969.47 g plant-1) at 150 DAS, shoot fresh weight (752.47 g plant-1) at 120 DAS and other growth contributing parameters were obtained with the spacing 70 cm × 30 cm. However, the maximum root length (38.97 cm) was obtained with 50 cm × 20 cm spacing. It was concluded that the wider spacing promoted the growth of individual beet, though the optimum spacing for maximum root growth of sugarbeet was 50 cm × 20 cm. Bangladesh Agron. J. 2020, 23(2): 51-58

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A, The EXPLORING THE ALLELOPATHIC AND HERMETIC EFFECT OF KHATAMI (Altheae officinalis) ON EMERGENCE AND SEEDLING GROWTH OF RADISH (Raphanus sativus)

JOURNAL OF WEED SCIENCE RESEARCH ◽

10.28941/pjwsr.v27i3.965 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 27 (3) ◽

pp. 321-330

Author(s):

Bilal Ahmad Khan

Keyword(s):

Aqueous Extract ◽

Seedling Growth ◽

Root Length ◽

Raphanus Sativus ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Shoot Length ◽

Fresh Weight ◽

Germination Time ◽

Shoot Fresh Weight ◽

Mean Germination Time

Abstract Crop plants release biochemicals into surrounding environment that help in obtaining maximum yield of crop by acting bioherbicide at high concentration and plant growth hormone at low concentration. Therefore, this study was planned at Department of Agronomy in Weed Science Laboratory, University of Agriculture Faisalabad during Winter 2018 to evaluate the hermetic effects of Althaea officinalis L. (khatami) on vegetable crop Radish (Raphanus sativus) The experiments were laid out under completely randomized design (CRD) having three replications. The aqueous extracts of A. officinalis L. were used on radish different concentrations (2.5%, 5%, 10%, 20%, 40% and 80%). Data regarding seed germination and seedling growth (shoot length, root length, shoot fresh weight, root dry weigh) of radish were recorded using standard procedures. Results Reveals that the aqueous extract of A. officinalis at higher concentration (80%) act as bioherbicide and produced inhibitory effects on R. sativus result in Maximum time to 50% germination (4.68 days) and mean germination time (9.05 days) while minimum germination index (3.60), germination percentage (85.00%), shoot length (42.4 cm), root length (25.90 cm), shoot fresh weight (53.30 g) and root fresh weight (13.30 g). While at lower concentration (10%) it shows hermetic effect and produce maximum germination percentage (100.00%), shoot length (58.2 cm), root length (52.0 cm), shoot fresh weight (90.00g), root fresh weight (26.30 g) minimum time to complete 50% germination (3.36 days), germination index (6.00%) and mean germination time (5.73 days) growth. In A. officinalis among different phenolic compound minimum Syringic acid (0.60%) and maximum Quercetion (12.3%) compound was found. Therefore, it was concluded from this study that aqueous extract of officinalis can be used as growth promoter at lower concentration while at higher concentration for environmentally friendly control of weeds.

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ALLELOPATHIC INFLUENCE OF POPPY (Papaver somniferum L.) ON EMERGENCE AND INITIAL SEEDLING GROWTH OF RED RICE (Oryza punctata L.)

JOURNAL OF WEED SCIENCE RESEARCH ◽

10.28941/pjwsr.v26i4.850 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 27 (2) ◽

pp. 381-392

Author(s):

Bilal Ahmad Khan ◽

Muhammad Ather Nadeem ◽

Sadia Afzal ◽

Muhammad Azim Khan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Aqueous Extract ◽

Seedling Growth ◽

Root Length ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Papaver Somniferum ◽

Shoot Length ◽

Red Rice ◽

Fresh Weight ◽

Plant Parts ◽

Oryza Punctata

Allelopathy plays crucial role in effective weed control. Opium (Papaver somniferum L.) crop release different allelochemicals at maturity which have potential to act as natural weeds control in different crops. Phytotoxic effect of Papaver somniferum was examined on germination and initial seedling growth of red rice (Oryza punctata L.). Aqueous extract of different plant parts (leaves, stem and flower) were used at various concentrations (0.25%, 0.5%, 1%, 2%, 4% and 8%) along with distilled water as control. The aqueous extracts of leaves, stem and flower of P. somniferum were significantly inhibited the emergence, seedling growth as well as root length (cm), shoot length (cm), fresh weight (g) and dry weight (g) of O. punctata. Maximum mean emergence time (9.18 days) and minimum shoot length (1.13 cm) whereas minimum emergence index (0.89) and emergence percentage (6.67%) was observed under fruit extract at 8% concentration. P. somniferum aqueous extract of stem at 8% concentration take maximum time to complete 50% emergence minimum root length, fresh weight, dry weight of O. punctata. Based on this finding it can be concluded that the phyto-chemicals present in P. somniferum at 8% concentration may cause losses to the related as well as succeeding weeds through allelopathy and must be removed from the field to avoid destructive effects of these weeds.

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Bacillus Pumilus Induced Tolerance of Maize (Zea Mays L.) Against Cadmium (Cd) Stress

10.21203/rs.3.rs-567788/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Asim Shahzad ◽

Mahmood Elahie ◽

Muhammad Naeem ◽

Tasmia Bashir ◽

Humaira Yasmin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Root Length ◽

Bacillus Pumilus ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Leaf Length ◽

Shoot Length ◽

Maize Plant ◽

Cd Stress ◽

Fresh Weight ◽

Number Of Leaves ◽

Maize Plants

Abstract Purpose: Heavy metals contaminate the soil that alters the properties of soil and negatively affect plants growth. Using microorganism and plant can remove these pollutants from soil. The present investigation was designed to evaluate the induced effect of Bacillus pumilus on maize plant in Cadmium (Cd) contaminated soil. Methods: Three different concentrations of Cd (i.e. 0.25, 0.50 and 0.75 mg kg-1) were applied in soil under which maize plants were grown. The germination percentage, shoot length, leaf length, number of leaves, root length,fresh weight and nutrient uptake by maize plant were determined. The experiment was conducted by using complete randomized design (CRD) with three replicates. Results: The result indicated that germination percentage, Shoot length, leaf length, root length, number of leaves, and plant fresh weight were reduced by 37, 39, 39, 32 and 59% respectively at 0.75mg kg-1 of CdSO4concentration but when maize seeds inoculated with Bacillus pumilus significantly increased the germination percentage, shoot length, leaf length, number of leaves, plant fresh weight at different concentrations of CdSO4. Moreover, the plant protein were significantly increased by 60% in T6 (0.25 mg kg-1 of CdSO4+inoculated seed) and Peroxidase dismutase (POD) was also significantly higher by 346% in T6 (0.25 mg kg-1 of CdSO4+inoculated seed), however, the Superoxide dismutase (SOD) was significantly higher in T5 (0.75 mg kg-1 of CdSO4+ uninoculated seed) and was 769% higher as compared to control. The Cd contents in Bacillus pumilus inoculated maize roots and shoots were decreased. Conclusion: The present investigations indicated that the inoculation of maize plant with Bacillus pumilus can help maize plants to withstand Cd stress but higher concentration of Cd can harm the plant. The Bacillus pumilus has good potential to remediate Cd from soil, and also have potential to reduce the phytoavailibility and toxicity of Cd.

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The Influence of Salinity on Seedling Growth of Some Pumpkin Varieties Used as Rootstock

Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca ◽

10.15835/nbha4118349 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 41 (1) ◽

pp. 219 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Rana KURUM ◽

Kamile ULUKAPI ◽

Köksal AYDINŞAKİR ◽

Ahmet Naci ONUS

Keyword(s):

Seedling Growth ◽

Root Length ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Shoot Length ◽

Stem Length ◽

Fresh Weight ◽

Shoot Fresh Weight ◽

Root Dry Weight ◽

Salinity Levels ◽

Plant Length

In this study, the effects of different salinity levels (0, “control”, 2, 4, 8, and 12 dS m-1) on seedling growth of Obez, RS 841 and Ferro F1 pumpkin varieties, widely used around the world as rootstock, were investigated. Seedlings grown under saline conditions were investigated for plant main stem length, plant length, root length, shoot length, root fresh weight, root dry weight, shoot fresh weight, shoot dry weights and ion concentrations (Ca++, K+, Na+) in the leaves of pumpkin varieties. The results revealed that root length, shoot length, root fresh weight, root dry weight, shoot fresh weight and shoot dry weights tend to decrease when the electrical conductivity of the solution is increased. Results indicated that these varieties responded different to some investigated parameters under saline conditions.

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Bacillus pumilus induced tolerance of Maize (Zea mays L.) against Cadmium (Cd) stress

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-96786-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Asim Shahzad ◽

Mingzhou Qin ◽

Mahmood Elahie ◽

Muhammad Naeem ◽

Tasmia Bashir ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Root Length ◽

Bacillus Pumilus ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Leaf Length ◽

Shoot Length ◽

Maize Plant ◽

Cd Stress ◽

Fresh Weight ◽

Number Of Leaves ◽

Maize Plants

AbstractHeavy metals contaminate the soil that alters the properties of soil and negatively affect plants growth. Using microorganism and plant can remove these pollutants from soil. The present investigation was designed to evaluate the induced effect of Bacillus pumilus on maize plant in Cadmium (Cd) contaminated soil. Three different concentrations of Cd (i.e. 0.25, 0.50 and 0.75 mg kg−1) were applied in soil under which maize plants were grown. The germination percentage, shoot length, leaf length, number of leaves, root length, fresh weight and nutrient uptake by maize plant were determined. The experiment was conducted by using complete randomized design (CRD) with three replicates. The result indicated that germination percentage, Shoot length, leaf length, root length, number of leaves, and plant fresh weight were reduced by 37, 39, 39, 32 and 59% respectively at 0.75 mg kg−1 of CdSO4 concentration but when maize seeds inoculated with Bacillus pumilus significantly increased the germination percentage, shoot length, leaf length, number of leaves, plant fresh weight at different concentrations of CdSO4. Moreover, the plant protein were significantly increased by 60% in T6 (0.25 mg kg−1 of CdSO4 + inoculated seed) and Peroxidase dismutase (POD) was also significantly higher by 346% in T6 (0.25 mg kg−1 of CdSO4 + inoculated seed), however, the Superoxide dismutase (SOD) was significantly higher in T5 (0.75 mg kg−1 of CdSO4 + uninoculated seed) and was 769% higher as compared to control. The Cd contents in Bacillus pumilus inoculated maize roots and shoots were decreased. The present investigations indicated that the inoculation of maize plant with Bacillus pumilus can help maize plants to withstand Cd stress but higher concentration of Cd can harm the plant. The Bacillus pumilus has good potential to remediate Cd from soil, and also have potential to reduce the phyto availability and toxicity of Cd.

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Effect of Gypsum and Coal fly ash on Germination and Stump Quality of Teak (Tectona grandis L. f. )

Indian Journal of Forestry ◽

10.54207/bsmps1000-2021-8k8119 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 43 (1) ◽

pp. 31-34

Author(s):

Poomaruthai Masilamani ◽

◽

Velanganni Alex Albert ◽

Murugaiyan Baskar ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fly Ash ◽

Seedling Growth ◽

Significant Influence ◽

Root Length ◽

Coal Fly Ash ◽

Tectona Grandis ◽

Shoot Length ◽

Number Of Leaves ◽

Nursery Experiment

A nursery experiment was conducted to study the effect of gypsum and coal fly ash on germination and stump quality of teak seedling. The preconditioned 8 months-old teak drupes (fruit with seed) were placed for germination in the nursery bed. The experiment consists of seven treatments which were replicated thrice. On 28 and 60 days after sowing, the results revealed that the application of gypsum at 1.5 t ha-1 did not have any significant effect on number of seedlings/m2 of teak at 28 days after sowing, whereas, the significant influence were observed at 60 days after sowing. Significant differences were also observed in root length, shoot length, number of leaves/ seedlings, stump girth and drymatter production of stump at 6 months after sowing. From this study, it could be concluded that the surface application of gypsum at 1.5 t ha-1 in teak nursery bed enhanced the seedling growth and stump quality of 6 months-old teak nursery plants.

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A, The Identifying the hermetic potential of khatami (Altheae officinalis) emergence and seedling growth of wild Pea (Pisum sativum subsp. elatius).

JOURNAL OF WEED SCIENCE RESEARCH ◽

10.28941/pjwsr.v27i3.973 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 27 (3) ◽

pp. 331-340

Author(s):

Bilal Ahmad Khan ◽

Rizwan Maqbool ◽

Sumbal Parvez ◽

Muhammad Ather Nadeem ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pisum Sativum ◽

Aqueous Extract ◽

Seedling Growth ◽

Root Length ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Shoot Length ◽

Fresh Weight ◽

Germination Time ◽

Shoot Fresh Weight ◽

Mean Germination Time

Crop plants release biochemicals into surrounding environment that help in obtaining maximum yield of crop by acting bioherbicide at high concentration and plant growth hormone at low concentration. Therefore, this study was planned at Department of Agronomy in Weed Science Laboratory, University of Agriculture Faisalabad during Winter 2018 to evaluate the allelopathic effects of A. officinalis on weed Wild Pea (Pisum sativum subsp. elatius). The experiments were laid out under completely randomized design (CRD) having three replications. The aqueous extracts of C. verum. were used on radish and wild pea seeds at different concentrations (2.5%, 5%, 10%, 20%, 40% and 80%). Data regarding seed germination and seedling growth (shoot length, root length, shoot fresh weight, root dry weigh) of weed were recorded following standard procedures. Results Reveals that the aqueous extract of A. officinalis at higher concentration (80%) act as bioherbicide and produced inhibitory effects on R. sativus result in Maximum time to 50% germination (6.70 days) and mean germination time (10.00 days) while minimum germination index (4.70), germination percentage (66.60%), shoot length (49.8 cm), root length (8.16 cm), shoot fresh weight (10.00g) and root fresh weight (10.361g). While at lower concentration (10%) it shows hermetic effect and produce maximum germination percentage (90.00%), shoot length (84.7 cm), root length (66.2 cm), shoot fresh weight (82.20 g), root fresh weight (58.30 g) and germination index (8.21%) minimum time to complete 50% germination (4.33 days) and mean germination time (5.49 days) growth. In A. officinalis among different phenolic compound minimum Syringic acid (0.60%) and maximum Quercetion (12.3%) compound was found. Therefore, it was concluded from this study that aqueous extract of officinalis can be used as growth promoter at lower concentration while at higher concentration for environmentally friendly control of weeds.

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