Dual Crop Coefficient Approach in Vitis vinifera L. cv. LOUREIRO

Vineyard irrigation management in temperate zones requires knowledge of the crop water requirements, especially in the context of climate change. The main objective of this work was to estimate the crop evapotranspiration (ETc) of Vitis vinifera cv. Loureiro for local conditions, applying the dual crop coefficient approach. The study was carried out in a vineyard during two growing seasons (2019–2020). Three irrigation treatments, full irrigation (FI), deficit irrigation (DI), and rainfed (R), were considered. The ETc was estimated using the SIMDualKc model, which performs the soil water balance with the dual Kc approach. This balance was performed by calculating the basal coefficients for the grapevine (Kcb crop) and the active soil ground cover (Kcb gcover), which represent the transpiration component of ETc and the soil evaporation coefficient (Ke). The model was calibrated and validated by comparing the simulated soil water content (SWC) with the soil water content data measured with frequency domain reflectometry (FDR). A suitable adjustment between the simulated and observed SWC was obtained for the 2019 R strategy when the model was calibrated. As for the vine crop, the best fit was obtained for Kcb full ini = 0.33, Kcb full mid = 0.684, and Kcb full end = 0.54. In this sense, the irrigation schedule must adjust these coefficients to local conditions to achieve economically and environmentally sustainable production.

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SEASONAL TRENDS OF GRAPEVINE PHYSIOLOGICAL PERFORMANCE AND SOIL WATER CONTENT OF 'SANGIOVESE' (VITIS VINIFERA L.) FIELD PLOTS UNDER REGULATED DEFICIT IRRIGATION

Acta Horticulturae ◽

10.17660/actahortic.2012.931.55 ◽

2012 ◽

pp. 461-468

Author(s):

V. Lanari ◽

O. Silvestroni ◽

B. Bravetti ◽

A. Palliotti

Keyword(s):

Vitis Vinifera ◽

Water Content ◽

Soil Water ◽

Soil Water Content ◽

Deficit Irrigation ◽

Vitis Vinifera L ◽

Regulated Deficit Irrigation ◽

Seasonal Trends ◽

Physiological Performance ◽

Field Plots

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Time series outlier and intervention analysis: Irrigation management influences on soil water content in silty loam soil

Agricultural Water Management ◽

10.1016/j.agwat.2012.05.008 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 111 ◽

pp. 105-114 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Basem Aljoumani ◽

Jose A. Sànchez-Espigares ◽

Nuria Cañameras ◽

Ramon Josa ◽

Joaquim Monserrat

Keyword(s):

Time Series ◽

Water Content ◽

Soil Water ◽

Soil Water Content ◽

Irrigation Management ◽

Intervention Analysis ◽

Silty Loam ◽

Loam Soil

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Hydrologic soil properties and application of a soil moisture model in a balsam fir forest

Canadian Journal of Forest Research ◽

10.1139/x88-063 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 18 (4) ◽

pp. 427-434 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Richard Barry ◽

André P. Plamondon ◽

Jean Stein

Keyword(s):

Soil Moisture ◽

Soil Properties ◽

Water Content ◽

Soil Water ◽

Soil Water Content ◽

Crop Coefficient ◽

Balsam Fir ◽

Physical Parameters ◽

Volumetric Soil Water Content ◽

Soil Moisture Model

An analysis of hydrologic soil properties and the prediction of volumetric soil water content during four summers have been done for a site located in the balsam fir (Abiesbalsamea (L.) Mill.) forest of the Lac Laflamme watershed. The hydrologic properties were used to identify three different soil layers, THIRSTY, a soil moisture model using the Penman evapotranspiration formula, was applied to predict daily volumetric water content of these layers. Predictions of soil moisture with the calibrated model were close to the observed data for the median layer (20–60 cm from the soil surface) and less accurate for the surface layer (0–20 cm) where important transpiration activities take place. The model appeared unreliable for predicting soil water content of the bottom layer (60–100 cm) which was often saturated by groundwater. The calibration of the model required modifications of the observed values of the available water content at field capacity and the relative root density factor and was adjusted with the crop coefficient of the Penman evapotranspiration formula. These modifications of observed physical parameters raise the question of the feasibility of extrapolating the model to other sites without extensive calibration. The high sensitivity to variations of the crop coefficient applied to the evapotranspiration equation indicated that a more physically based transpiration model, supported by field-oriented process studies, would be required to improve the model's performance.

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On-farm measurement of the water use and productivity of maize

Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture ◽

10.1071/ea06094 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 48 (3) ◽

pp. 274 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

K. L. Greenwood ◽

G. N. Mundy ◽

K. B. Kelly

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cows ◽

Water Content ◽

Soil Water ◽

Soil Water Content ◽

Water Use ◽

Water Productivity ◽

Weather Data ◽

Local Conditions ◽

High Yields ◽

Crop Coefficients

Maize, as a C4 species, is likely to use water more productively than the perennial ryegrass and white clover pastures typically grown for dairy cows in northern Victoria. However, only estimates of water use by irrigated maize crops are available for this region. We measured the growth and water use of three commercial maize crops used for silage in northern Victoria. Crops under centre pivot irrigation were monitored in 2003–04 (Spray 1) and 2004–05 (Spray 2). A border-check irrigated crop (Border-check) was monitored in 2004–05. The Spray 1 crop was irrigated 30 times and received 782 mm of rainfall and irrigation. The crop yielded 22 t DM/ha, giving a water productivity of 28 kg DM/ha.mm (including irrigation, rainfall and change in soil water content). In the cooler, wetter summer of 2004–05, the water productivity was 34 kg DM/ha.mm for the Spray 2 crop and 30 kg DM/ha.mm for the Border-check crop. Crop evapotranspiration was estimated from weather data and a daily soil water balance was computed according to FAO 56. The estimated and measured changes in soil water content were in good agreement and indicated that the basal crop coefficients in the model (Kcb = 1.15 during the mid-season, before correction for non-standard humidity and wind speed) were appropriate to local conditions. Maize grown for silage in northern Victoria has higher water productivity than pastures. However, high yields are required to make it economically viable compared with alternative forages for dairy cows. These data will assist dairy farmers to select the optimum forage mix for their enterprises.

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Evaluation of Improved Model to Accurately Monitor Soil Water Content

Water ◽

10.3390/w13233441 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (23) ◽

pp. 3441

Author(s):

Jingyu Ji ◽

Junzeng Xu ◽

Yixin Xiao ◽

Yajun Luan

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Water Content ◽

Soil Water ◽

Soil Water Content ◽

Soil Texture ◽

Irrigation Management ◽

Clay Fraction ◽

Organic Matter Content ◽

Matter Content ◽

Improved Model

The accurate monitoring of soil water content during the growth of crops is of great importance to improve agricultural water use efficiency. The Campbell model is one of the most widely used models for monitoring soil moisture content from soil thermal conductivities in farmland, which always needs to be calibrated due to the lack of adequate original data and the limitation of measurement methods. To precisely predict the water content of complex soils using the Campbell model, this model was evaluated by investigating several factors, including soil texture, bulk density and organic matter. The comparison of the R2 and the reduced Chi-Sqr values, which were calculated by Origin, was conducted to calibrate the Campbell model calculated. In addition, combining factors of parameters, a new parameter named m related to soil texture and the organic matter was firstly introduced and the original fitting parameter, E, was improved to an expression related to clay fraction and the organic matter content in the improved model. The soil data collected from both the laboratory and the previous literature were used to assess the revised model. The results show that most of the R2 values of the improved model are >0.95, and the reduced Chi-Sqr values are <0.01, which presents a better matching performance compared to the original. It is concluded that the improved model provides more accurate monitoring of soil water content for water irrigation management.

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Soil water potential during different phenological phases of coffee irrigated by center pivot

Engenharia Agrícola ◽

10.1590/s0100-69162013000200006 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 33 (2) ◽

pp. 269-278 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Adão W. P. Evangelista ◽

Luiz A. Lima ◽

Antônio C. da Silva ◽

Carla de P. Martins ◽

Moisés S. Ribeiro

Keyword(s):

Water Potential ◽

Water Content ◽

Soil Water ◽

Soil Water Content ◽

Irrigation Management ◽

Soil Water Potential ◽

Field Capacity ◽

Limiting Factor ◽

Center Pivot ◽

Phenological Phases

Irrigation management can be established, considering the soil water potential, as the limiting factor for plant growth, assuming the soil water content between the field capacity and the permanent wilting point as available water for crops. Thus, the aim of this study was to establish the soil water potential interval during four different phenological phases of coffee irrigated by center pivot. The experiment was set at the experimental area of the Engineering Department at the Federal University of Lavras, in Brazil. The coffee variety planted is designated as Rubi, planted 0.8 meters apart, with rows spaced 3.5 meters apart. The treatments corresponded to the water depths applied based on different percentages of Kc and reference evapotranspiration (ET0) values. Sensors were used to measure the soil water potential interval, installed 25 centimeters depth. In order to compare the results, it was considered as the best matric potential the one that was balanced with the soil water content that resulted in the largest coffee productivity. Based on the obtained results, we verified that in the phases of fruit expansion and ripening, the best results were obtained, before the irrigations, when the soil water potential values reached -35 and -38 kPa, respectively. And in the flowering, small green and fruit expansion phases, when the values reached -31 and -32 kPa, respectively.

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Calibration and evaluation of a capacitance probe in agricultural soils in northeast Brazil

10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-5774 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Ceres Duarte Guedes Cabral de Almeida ◽

Lais Barreto Franco ◽

José Ediclécio Barbosa dos Santos ◽

Brivaldo Gomes de Almeida ◽

Giuseppe Provenzano

Keyword(s):

Water Content ◽

Soil Water ◽

Soil Water Content ◽

Agricultural Soils ◽

Irrigation Management ◽

Clay Loam ◽

Sandy Clay Loam ◽

Sandy Clay ◽

Disturbed Soil ◽

Capacitance Probe

Soil water content is an important parameter for irrigation management. Among the indirect methods to determine soil water content (SWC), there are electronic sensors, that need site-specific calibration to increase the accuracy of the measurements. In this research, a capacitance probe (Diviner 2000&#174;, Sentek Pty Ltda., Australia) was calibrated for two agricultural soils. The experiment was carried out in a protected environment at the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (UFRPE), Brazil. The textural classes of soils were sandy clay loam (66% sand) and sandy (95% sand). Undisturbed and disturbed soil samples were collected in the soil top layer (0-30 cm). The disturbed soil samples were initially air-dried, passed through a 4.75 mm mesh sieve, and then introduced to fill eight vessels (four replications for each soil). These vessels, equipped with drainage holes, have lower and upper diameters of 15 cm and 25 cm, respectively, and height of 22.5 cm (4.66 L). In each pot, a 5 cm layer of gravel with an average diameter of 2 cm covered with bidim&#174; geotextile was disposed before introducing the soil. During filling, the soil was compacted to reach the same bulk density measured on the undisturbed samples (sandy clay loam: 1.54 g cm-3 and sandy: 1.50 g cm-3). In the center of each pot, a PVC access tube was installed. According to the manufacturer's recommendation, during calibration, the probe normalization was performed. The pots were wetted by capillary rise and, once saturated, they were placed on a bench for drainage. After this process stopped each pot was daily weighed at a fixed time (8 a.m.), and the sensor reading was acquired until when the daily mass variations became negligible. Data were used for regression analysis to fit the site-specific calibration equation and to evaluate the mean error. Linear calibration equations, characterized by R2=0.931 and 0.986, were obtained for the sandy clay loam and the sandy soil, respectively. The mean errors (ME) associated with the manufacturer&#8217;s equation resulted in -0.05 and -0.01 for sandy clay loam and for sandy soil and decreased after calibration. The results confirmed the suitability of the manufacturer's equation in sandy soils. On the other hand, the manufacture&#8217;s equation slightly underestimated SWC, in sandy clay loam soil, especially in the range above 0.26 m3 m-3. The Diviner 2000 probe can be therefore successfully used to support irrigation management in irrigated areas with soils similar to those investigated because it is easy to operate and allows fairly accurate estimations of soil water content.

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Evaluation of Soil Water Content Measurements with Capacitance Probes to Support Irrigation Scheduling in a “Red Beaut” Japanese Plum Orchard

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy10111757 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

pp. 1757

Author(s):

Sandra Millán ◽

Carlos Campillo ◽

Antonio Vivas ◽

María José Moñino ◽

Maria Henar Prieto

Keyword(s):

Soil Moisture ◽

Water Stress ◽

Water Content ◽

Soil Water ◽

Soil Water Content ◽

Irrigation Management ◽

Irrigation Scheduling ◽

Successful Implementation ◽

Stem Water Potential ◽

Japanese Plum

Advances in electromagnetic sensor technologies in recent years have made automated irrigation scheduling a reality through the use of state-of-the-art soil moisture sensing devices. However, correct sensor positioning and interpretation of the measurements are key to the successful implementation of these management systems. The aim of this study is to establish guidelines for soil moisture sensor placement to support irrigation scheduling, taking into account the physiological response of the plant. The experimental work was carried out in Vegas Bajas del Guadiana (Extremadura, Spain) on a drip-irrigated experimental orchard of the early-maturing Japanese plum cultivar “Red Beaut”. Two irrigation treatments were established: control and drying. The control treatment was scheduled to cover crop water needs. In the drying treatment, the fruit trees were irrigated as in control, except in certain periods (preharvest and postharvest) in which irrigation was suspended (drying cycles). Over 3 years (2015–2017), a series of plant parameters were analyzed in relation to the measurements provided by a battery of frequency domain reflectometry probes installed in different positions with respect to tree and dripper: midday stem water potential (Ψstem), sap flow, leaf stomatal conductance, net leaf photosynthesis and daily fraction of intercepted photosynthetically active radiation. After making a comparison of these measurements as indicators of plant water status, Ψstem was found to be the physiological parameter that detected water stress earliest. The drying cycles were very useful to select the probe positions that provided the best information for irrigation management and to establish a threshold in the different phases of the crop below which detrimental effects could be caused to the crop. With respect to the probes located closest to the drippers, a drop in the relative soil water content (RSWC) below 0.2 would not be advisable for “non-stress” scheduling in the preharvest period. When no deficit irrigation strategies are applied in the postharvest period, the criteria are similar to those of preharvest. However, the probes located between the dripper at 0.15 and 0.30 m depth provide information on moderate water stress if the RSWC values falls below 0.2. The severe tree water stress was detected below 0.1 RSWC in probes located at 60 cm depth from this same position.

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