scholarly journals Maize Canopy Photosynthetic Efficiency, Plant Growth, and Yield Responses to Tillage Depth

Agronomy ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiying Sun ◽  
Julin Gao ◽  
Zhigang Wang ◽  
Shuping Hu ◽  
Fengjie Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Inner Mongolia ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Tillage Depth

Subsoil tillage loosens compacted soil for better plant growth, but promotes water loss, which is a concern in areas that are commonly irrigated. Therefore, our objective was to determine the physiological responses of high yield spring maize (Zea mays L.) to subsoil tillage depth when grown in the Western plain irrigation area of Inner Mongolia, China. Our experiment during 2014 and 2015 used Zhengdan958 (Hybrid of Zheng58 × Chang7-2, produced by Henan academy of agricultural sciences of China, with the characteristics of tight plant type and high yield) and Xianyu335 (Hybrid of PH6WC × PH4CV, produced by Pioneer Corp of USA, with the characteristic of high yield and suitable of machine-harvesting) with three differing subsoil tillage depths (30, 40, or 50 cm) as the trial factor and shallow rotary tillage as a control. The results indicated that subsoil tillage increased shoot dry matter accumulation, leading to a greater shoot/root ratio. Subsoil tillage helped retain a greater leaf area index in each growth stage, increased the leaf area duration, net assimilation rate, and relative growth rate, and effectively delayed the aging of the blade. On average, compared with shallow rotary, the grain yields and water use efficiency increased by 0.7–8.9% and 1.93–18.49% in subsoil tillage treatment, respectively, resulting in the net income being increased by 2.24% to 6.97%. Additionally, the grain yield, water use efficiency, and net income were the highest under the treatment of a subsoil tillage depth of 50 cm. The results provided a theoretical basis for determining the suitable chiseling depth for high-yielding spring corn in the Western irrigation plains of Inner Mongolia.

scholarly journals Maize Canopy Photosynthesis, Plant Growth, and Yield Responses to Tillage Depth

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiying Sun ◽  
Julin Gao ◽  
Zhigang Wang ◽  
Shuping Hu ◽  
Fengjie Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Tillage Depth

Subsoil tillage loosens compacted soil for better plant growth, but promotes water loss, which is a concern in areas commonly irrigated. Therefore, our objective was to determine the physiological responses of high yield spring corn (Zea mays L.) to Subsoil tillage depth when grown in the western plain irrigation area of Inner Mongolia that leads to the best water use efficiency. The experiment during 2014 and 2015 used Zhengdan958 and Xianyu335 with three differing subsoil tillage depths (30, 40, or 50 cm) as trial factor and shallow rotary as a control. Subsoil tillage increased shoot dry matter accumulation, leading to a greater shoot/root ratio. Subsoil tillage helped retain greater leaf area index in each growth stage, increase the leaf area duration, net assimilation rate, and relative growth rate, with greater effects as tillage was deeper, effectively delaying the aging of the blade. Grain yields were increased by 0.7%–8.9% on average in subsoil tillage treatments compared to conventional soil treatment shallow rotary, Water use efficiency were increased by 1.93%–18.49% on average in subsoil tillage treatment compared to shallow rotary, resulting in net income increases by 2.24% to 6.97% compared to shallow rotary. Among the three different subsoil tillage depth treatment, the grain yield, water use efficiency, and net income is the best under the treatment of subsoil tillage depth of 50 cm.

MODIFICATION OF MICROCLIMATE CONDITIONS FOR IMPROVING TOMATO PLANT GROWTH COMPONENTS AND WATER USE EFFICIENCY

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
Wafaa Abd El-Bary ◽  
Mahmoud Hegazi ◽  
Khaled El-Bagoury ◽  
Wael Sultan ◽  
Manal Mubarak
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Tomato Plant ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Microclimate Conditions

scholarly journals Agronomic Biofortification of Cayenne Pepper Cultivars with Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria and Chili Residue in a Chinese Solar Greenhouse

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 2398
Author(s):  
Ibraheem Olamide Olasupo ◽  
Qiuju Liang ◽  
Chunyi Zhang ◽  
Md Shariful Islam ◽  
Yansu Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Bacillus Amyloliquefaciens ◽  
Net Photosynthesis ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Agronomic Biofortification

Agronomic biofortification of horticultural crops using plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) under crop residue incorporation systems remains largely underexploited. Bacillus subtilis (B1), Bacillus laterosporus (B2), or Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (B3) was inoculated on soil containing chili residue, while chili residue without PGPR (NP) served as the control. Two hybrid long cayenne peppers, succeeding a leaf mustard crop were used in the intensive cultivation study. Net photosynthesis, leaf stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, photosynthetic water use efficiency, shoot and root biomass, and fruit yield were evaluated. Derivatives of folate, minerals, and nitrate contents in the pepper fruits were also assessed. B1 elicited higher net photosynthesis and photosynthetic water use efficiency, while B2 and B3 had higher transpiration rates than B1 and NP. B1 and B3 resulted in 27–36% increase in pepper fruit yield compared to other treatments, whereas B3 produced 24–27.5% and 21.9–27.2% higher 5-methyltetrahydrofolate and total folate contents, respectively, compared to B1 and NP. However, chili residue without PGPR inoculation improved fruit calcium, magnesium, and potassium contents than the inoculated treatments. ‘Xin Xian La 8 F1’ cultivar had higher yield and plant biomass, fruit potassium, total soluble solids, and total folate contents compared to ‘La Gao F1.’ Agronomic biofortification through the synergy of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and chili residue produced better yield and folate contents with a trade-off in the mineral contents of the greenhouse-grown long cayenne pepper.

Water use efficiency of wheat in a Mediterranean-type environment. II. some limitations to efficiency

1984 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 765 ◽  
Author(s):  
RJ French ◽  
JE Schultz
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Growth Yields ◽  
Potential Yield ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Factorial Treatments

Evidence is presented that water use efficiency and yield of wheat are reduced by insufficient leaf area and by inadequate content of nutrients in the top growth. Yields from field trials are compared with the potential yield, and a review is made of the limitations caused by weeds, the incidence of diseases and the harvest index. The data highlight the need for field experiments to define the evaporation and transpiration components of water use in each environment. They also indicate the need for multi-factorial treatments to overcome all yield limitations and thereby attain the potential yield.

Effects of N and water supply on water use-efficiency of a semiarid grassland in Inner Mongolia

2009 ◽  
Vol 328 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 495-505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Holger Brueck ◽  
Klaus Erdle ◽  
Yingzhi Gao ◽  
Marcus Giese ◽  
Ying Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Inner Mongolia ◽  
Semiarid Grassland ◽  
Use Efficiency

scholarly journals Generating Plants with Improved Water Use Efficiency

Agronomy ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonja Blankenagel ◽  
Zhenyu Yang ◽  
Viktoriya Avramova ◽  
Chris-Carolin Schön ◽  
Erwin Grill
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Measurement Techniques ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Co2 Uptake ◽  
Crop Varieties ◽  
Leaf Level ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Plant Level

To improve sustainability of agriculture, high yielding crop varieties with improved water use efficiency (WUE) are needed. Despite the feasibility of assessing WUE using different measurement techniques, breeding for WUE and high yield is a major challenge. Factors influencing the trait under field conditions are complex, including different scenarios of water availability. Plants with C3 photosynthesis are able to moderately increase WUE by restricting transpiration, resulting in higher intrinsic WUE (iWUE) at the leaf level. However, reduced CO2 uptake negatively influences photosynthesis and possibly growth and yield as well. The negative correlation of growth and WUE could be partly disconnected in model plant species with implications for crops. In this paper, we discuss recent insights obtained for Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) and the potential to translate the findings to C3 and C4 crops. Our data on Zea mays (L.) lines subjected to progressive drought show that there is potential for improvements in WUE of the maize line B73 at the whole plant level (WUEplant). However, changes in iWUE of B73 and Arabidopsis reduced the assimilation rate relatively more in maize. The trade-off observed in the C4 crop possibly limits the effectiveness of approaches aimed at improving iWUE but not necessarily efforts to improve WUEplant.

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