scholarly journals Silicon and the Association with an Arbuscular-Mycorrhizal Fungus (Rhizophagus clarus) Mitigate the Adverse Effects of Drought Stress on Strawberry

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Narges Moradtalab ◽  
Roghieh Hajiboland ◽  
Nasser Aliasgharzad ◽  
Tobias E. Hartmann ◽  
Günter Neumann
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungus ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungus ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Leaf Water Content ◽  
Rhizophagus Clarus ◽  
Effects Of Drought

Silicon (Si) is a beneficial element that alleviates the effects of stress factors including drought (D). Strawberry is a Si-accumulator species sensitive to D; however, the function of Si in this species is obscure. This study was conducted to examine the effect of Si and inoculation with an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF) on physiological and biochemical responses of strawberry plants under D. Plants were grown for six weeks in perlite and irrigated with a nutrient solution. The effect of Si (3 mmol L‒1), AMF (Rhizophagus clarus) and D (mild and severe D) was studied on growth, water relations, mycorrhization, antioxidative defense, osmolytes concentration, and micronutrients status. Si and AMF significantly enhanced plant biomass production by increasing photosynthesis rate, water content and use efficiency, antioxidant enzyme defense, and the nutritional status of particularly Zn. In contrast to the roots, osmotic adjustment did not contribute to the increase of leaf water content suggesting a different strategy of both Si and AMF for improving water status in the leaves and roots. Our results demonstrated a synergistic effect of AMF and Si on improving the growth of strawberry not only under D but also under control conditions.

Toxicity of soil-applied fungicides and gypsum to the vesicular–arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus mosseae in groundnut

1985 ◽  
Vol 63 (9) ◽  
pp. 1673-1675 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Parvathi ◽  
K. Venkateswarlu ◽  
A. S. Rao
Keyword(s):  
Glomus Mosseae ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungus ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungus ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
The Other ◽  
Vesicular Arbuscular ◽  
Seed Sowing ◽  
Mycorrhizal Development

The effects of four commonly used commercial formulations of contact fungicides (pentachloronitrobenzene, captan, captafol, and mancozeb) and gypsum on the vesicular–arbuscular mycorrhizal development of Glomus mosseae (Nic. & Gerd.) Gerd. & Trappe in groundnut were studied. Drenching the soil with pentachloronitrobenzene or gypsum at the time of seed sowing significantly inhibited the colonization and sporulation by the fungus; the other fungicides were less toxic. Captan, a widely used fungicide, was least inhibitory on development of the fungus. Pentachloronitrobenzene, gypsum, and captafol treatments significantly reduced the plant biomass.

scholarly journals Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungus Stimulates Young Field-Grown Nectarine Trees

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 8804
Author(s):  
María R. Conesa ◽  
Lidia López-Martínez ◽  
Wenceslao Conejero ◽  
Juan Vera ◽  
María Carmen Ruiz-Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungus ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungus ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Plant Water Status ◽  
Plant Water ◽  
Root Dynamics ◽  
Canopy Development ◽  
Irrigation Water Use

Although mycorrhizae applications have been widely used to improve the establishment and growth of agricultural crops, there have been no studies on their application in field-grown nectarine trees. In this work, a commercial arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF; Glomus iranicum var. tenuihypharum) was applied by means of fertigation to inoculate young “Flariba” nectarine trees grown in south-eastern Spain to evaluate its effect on plant water status, and vegetative and reproductive growth. Using minirhizotrons to measure the root dynamics over a complete growing season, revealed that AMF substantially increased root growth (51% increase compared with untreated trees), while no changes in plant water status or canopy development were noted. The productive response improved in inoculated trees, as demonstrated by a significantly higher yield, fruit size, number of fruits per tree and greater crop load efficiency values than in untreated trees. Given that the same amount of irrigation solution was applied in both treatments, the irrigation water use efficiency increased by 19.5% in AMF compared with untreated trees. The findings of this study suggest that a simple inoculation of AMF can be considered a good practice in semi-arid agro-systems to firmly establish efficient young nectarine trees and enhance their adaptation to field conditions.

scholarly journals Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus on the initial growth and nutrition of Coffea arabica L. genotypes

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arley José Fonseca ◽  
Ana Flávia de Freitas ◽  
Gladyston Rodrigues Carvalho ◽  
Marco Aurélio Carbone Carneiro ◽  
Diego Júnior Martins Vilela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coffea Arabica ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungus ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungus ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Rhizophagus Clarus ◽  
Growth And Nutrition ◽  
Coffea Arabica L

ABSTRACT The benefits of mycorrhization occur with the growth of hyphae in colonized roots by promoting an increase of the contact surface which improves the initial growth due to a better absorption of water and nutrients. The objective was to evaluate the effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Rhizophagus clarus inoculation over the initial development and nutritional response of six genotypes of Coffea arabica L. Six genotypes of Coffea arabica L. were used (MGS Aranas, H29-1-8-5, Red Catuai IAC 144, IPR 100, Catigua MG2, Paraíso H 419-1) and with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus - AMF: Rhizophagus clarus and without the application of the fungus. For the production of coffee seedlings, seeds were placed to germinate in plastic trays with sterile sand. After germination, 10 seedlings of each genotype were transferred to 0.120 dm3 polyethylene tubes with substrate. Then the inoculation of five seedlings of each genotype with the AMF R. Clarus was performed. When the seedlings with and without inoculation with the AMF presented six pairs of leaves they were transplanted to 13-liter pots containing soil (Dystrophic red-yellow latosol). The inoculation favored the initial growth of the coffee plants and its intensity varied according to the genotypes. The genotypes H 29-1-8-5, Red Catuai IAC 144 and Catigua MG 2 were the ones that presented higher shoot dry mass, root dry mass, total dry mass and accumulation of P, in relation to MGS aranãs, Paraiso H 419-1 and IPR 100, so they are the most promising to be inoculated with the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus.

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