scholarly journals Unraveling the Relationship between Milk Yield and Quality at the Test Day with Rumination Time Recorded by a PLF Technology

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1583
Author(s):  
Rosanna Marino ◽  
Francesca Petrera ◽  
Marisanna Speroni ◽  
Teresa Rutigliano ◽  
Andrea Galli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Variance Component Analysis ◽  
Milk Traits ◽  
Protein Ratio ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Lactation Phase ◽  
The Relationship

The study aimed to estimate the components of rumination time (RT) variability recorded by a neck collar sensor and the relationship between RT and milk composition. Milk test day (TD) and RT data were collected from 691 cows in three farms. Daily RT data of each animal were averaged for 3, 7, and 10 days preceding the TD date (RTD). Variance component analysis of RTD, considering the effects of farm, cow, parity, TD date, and lactation phase, showed that a farm, followed by a cow, had major contributions to the total variability. The RT10 variable best performed on TD milk yield and quality records across models by a multi-model inference approach and was adopted to study its relationship with milk traits, by linear mixed models, through a 3-level stratification: low (LRT10 ≤ 8 h/day), medium (8 h/day < MRT10 ≤ 9 h/day), and high (HRT10 > 9 h/day) RT. Cows with HRT10 had greater milk, fat, protein, casein, and lactose daily yield, and lower fat, protein, casein contents, and fat to protein ratio compared to MRT10 and LRT10. Higher percentages of saturated fatty acid and lower unsaturated and monounsaturated fatty acid were found in HRT10, with respect to LRT10 and MRT10 observations.

The relationship between milk progesterone and milk traits during estrus in dairy Cows

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Gavelis ◽  
V. Þilaitis ◽  
A Juozaitis ◽  
V. Juozaitienë ◽  
G. Urbonavièius ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Milk Traits ◽  
Subclinical Ketosis ◽  
Yield Level ◽  
Milk Protein Content ◽  
The Relationship

The aim of this study was to evaluate relationship between milk progesterone concentration (P4) and milk traits at the start of estrus time and 12h after start of the estrus in dairy cows. The 96 milk samples of 48 Lithuanian dairy cows without reproduction disorders and 90–100 days after calving were evaluated. Cows were classified into two groups based on milk yield per day: less than 30 kg (n=20) and e”30 kg (n=28). Data were categorized by milk fat and protein content at the start estrus and 12h after start of estrus to evaluate relationship between P4 and milk traits examined. P4 at estrus time in dairy cows was significantly positively correlated with milk yield (P less than 0.001), whereas it was negatively correlated with milk protein (P less than 0.05-P less than 0.01) and fat at 12h after start of estrus. Dairy cows with F/P from 1.0 to 1.5 had the lowest P4 in milk. Results of the pregnancy in dairy cows were related with lower P4 and milk yield level (P less than 0.001), higher milk fat (P less than 0.05) and milk protein content (P less than 0.001). These cows had 1.90 times lower prevalence of the signs of subclinical ketosis (P less than 0.05) at estrus time when compared with non-pregnant cows. As a result, it was clearly demonstrated that P4 in dairy cows can help to evaluate and improve the reproductive properties of cows.

Effect of dietary extruded linseed, verbascoside and vitamin E supplements on yield and quality of milk in Lacaune ewes

2014 ◽  
Vol 81 (4) ◽  
pp. 485-493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donato Casamassima ◽  
Maria Nardoia ◽  
Marisa Palazzo ◽  
Francesco Vizzarri ◽  
Angela Gabriella D‘Alessandro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tbars Level ◽  
Homogeneous Groups ◽  
Yield And Quality

Milk yield and milk qualitative parameters were evaluated in Lacaune ewes on a diet supplemented with extruded linseed, verbascoside and vitamin E. A 98 d-trial was conducted on 44 ewes and started 40±2 d post partum. The animals were divided into four homogeneous groups of eleven animals each; one control group (CON) without extruded linseed and dietary supplements, and the diet of the other three experimental groups was enhanced with extruded linseed (L group), extruded linseed-verbascoside (LVB group), and extruded linseed-verbascoside-vitamin E (LVBE group). All animals individually received an isoenergetic diet, consisting of 700 g concentrated feed and meadow hay ad libitum. Body weight, body condition score, milk yield and milk qualitative parameters were assessed. LVB and LVBE groups resulted in a significant improvement (P<0·05) in milk yield due to the verbascoside supplementation. The extruded linseed supplementation L, LVB and LVBE groups produced a milk fat increase and a better milk fatty acid profile in terms of a higher monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA), polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) content and a reduced saturated fatty acid (SFA) content, a lower n-6/n-3 ratio and atherogenic and thrombogenic index. The dietary verbascoside supplementation in the LVB and LVBE group resulted in a better milk quality due to the low cholesterol level and higher vitamin A and E contents, in addition to an increased oxidative stability highlighted by the lower thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) level. Thus, the addition of extruded linseed and verbascoside supplements improved milk yield and quality both from a chemical and nutritive point of view.

scholarly journals Effect of feeding textured concentrates with alfalfa cubes to lactating dairy cows producing low fat milk

1997 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 735-737 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. C. Gardner ◽  
M. A. G. von Keyserlingk ◽  
J. A. Shelford ◽  
L. J. Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acid ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Effect Of Feeding

Twenty–one multiparous Holsteins were used in a cross over design with two 28-d periods. Cows were randomly assigned to two treatments to assess the effect of textured and pelleted concentrates fed with alfalfa cubes on feed intake, milk yield, milk composition and rumen volatile fatty acid concentrations. Those animals receiving the textured concentrate had significantly (P < 0.05) higher milk yield and milk fat percentage than did those animals fed the pelleted concentrate. A significant difference in the ratio of milk protein to milk fat was also observed with the cows receiving the pelleted concentrate having a ratio of 1.31 and the cows receiving the textured concentrate a ratio of 1.02. No significant (P < 0.05) differences were observed between the textured and pelleted feeds in total or individual volatile fatty acid concentrations. These results indicate that the feeding of textured concentrates can lead to an increase in milk fat production when compared with the feeding of pelleted concentrates. Key words: Dairy cattle, milk composition, textured and pelleted concentrate, VFA

scholarly journals Annatto seeds as Antioxidants Source with Linseed Oil for Dairy Cows

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1465
Author(s):  
Jesus A. C. Osorio ◽  
João L. P. Daniel ◽  
Jakeline F. Cabral ◽  
Kleves V. Almeida ◽  
Karoline L. Guimarães ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Linseed Oil ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Chain Fatty Acid

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of annatto seeds, linseed oil and their combination on DMI, apparent total tract digestibility, antioxidant capacity and milk composition of dairy cows. Four lactating Holstein cows (120 ± 43 days in milk; 15.98 ± 2.02 kg of milk/day, mean ± SD) were allocated in a 4 × 4 Latin square with a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement (with or without annatto seeds at 15 g/kg of dry matter (DM); with or without linseed oil at 30 g/kg of DM) and provided four different diets: control (no annatto seeds or linseed oil); annatto seeds (15 g/kg of DM); linseed oil (30 g/kg of DM); and a combination of both annatto seeds and linseed oil. Annatto seeds reduced DM intake, and milk yield, protein and lactose, but increased content of fat, total solids and short chain fatty acid, with no effect on total antioxidant capacity of milk. Linseed oil supplementation decreased medium chain fatty acid proportion and n-6/n-3 ratio, conversely it increased long chain fatty acids and n-3 fatty acid content of milk, ether extract intake and total-tract digestibility. Thus, linseed oil supplementation in dairy cow diets improved the milk FA profile but decreased milk fat concentration, whereas annatto seeds did not influence antioxidant capacity and depressed feed intake and milk yield.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Biomarkers of Heat Stress by Using Automatic Health Monitoring System in Dairy Cows

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramūnas Antanaitis ◽  
Vida Juozaitienė ◽  
Mindaugas Televičius ◽  
Dovilė Malašauskienė
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Milk Traits ◽  
Protein Ratio ◽  
Time Body Weight ◽  
Automatic Milking

The objective of this study was to evaluate biomarkers of heat stress (HS) from automatic milking system (AMS), the relationships between measurements of temperature-humidity index (THI) and reticulorumen ph and temperature and some automatic milking systems parameters in dairy cows (rumination time (RT), milk traits, body weight (BW) and consumption of concentrate (CC)) during summer period. The experiment was carried out on a dairy farm at 54.9587408, 23.784146. Lithuanian Black and White dairy cows (n=365) were selected. The cows were milked with Lely Astronaut&reg; A3 milking robots with free traffic. The rations were calculated to meet physiological requirements of the animals. Daily milk yield, rumination time, body weight, milk fat and protein ratio were collected from the Lely T4C management program for analysis. The pH and temperature of the contents of cow reticulorumen were measured using specific smaX-tec boluses manufactured for animal care. The daily humidity and air temperature in the farm zone were obtained from the adjacent weather station (2 km away). According this study during HS, the higher THI had positive correlation with ML, which show tendencies to increase risk of mastitis, and decrease CC, RT, BW, MY, reticulorumen ph and F/P. Some biomarkers of HS can be milk yield, milk lactose, somatic cell count, concentrate conception, rumination time, body weight, reticulorumen ph and milk fat &ndash; protein ratio. We can recommend to monitoring these parameters in the herd management program to identify possibility of heat stress.

Red clover silage improves milk fatty acid composition in dairy ewes

2018 ◽  
Vol 98 (4) ◽  
pp. 787-793 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela C. Guzatti ◽  
Paulo G. Duchini ◽  
Marco A.S. Gama ◽  
Henrique M.N. Ribeiro-Filho
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Milk Fatty Acid ◽  
Dairy Ewes

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of two isoproteic total mixed rations containing either red clover (Trifolium pratense L.; RC diet) or lucerne (Medicago sativa L.; LU diet) silage as the major forage source on milk yield, milk composition, and milk fatty acid (FA) profile in dairy ewes. Sixteen dairy ewes were housed individually to receive the drawn diet (eight ewes eating each diet) and milked twice a day (0700 and 1500). Total dry matter intake, milk yield, milk composition, and nitrogen use efficiency were unaffected by treatments. The n-6/n-3 FA ratio tended to decrease, whereas the total polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and PUFAs/saturated fatty acids ratio increased in the milk fat of ewes fed the RC diet compared with ewes fed the LU diet. The presence of α-linolenic (C18:3n-3) and linoleic (C18:2n-6) acids in the milk fat was 22% higher in ewes fed the RC diet than in those fed the LU diet. Compared with the LU diet, the RC diet had no effect on milk yield and composition, but improved the milk FA profile in dairy ewes due to an increased proportion of PUFAs (in particular C18:3n-3 and, to a lesser extent, C18:2n-6) and a decreased n-6/n-3 FA ratio.

Effect on cow performance and milk fat composition of including full fat soyabeans and rapeseeds in the concentrate mixture for lactating dairy cows

1990 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 295-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
John J. Murphy ◽  
Gerald P. McNeill ◽  
James F. Connolly ◽  
Patrick A. Gleeson
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Solid Fat ◽  
Concentrate Mixture ◽  
Cow Performance

SummaryTwo experiments were carried out to determine the effect on milk yield, milk composition and composition and physical properties of milk fat of giving full fat soyabeans (FFS) and full fat rapeseeds (FFR) to dairy cows. In both experiments grass silage was provided ad lib. and constituted over 50% of the dry matter (DM) intake of the cows. In experiment 1, cows received 7·25 kg/d of a concentrate mixture containing 240 g/kg of extruded FFS or 7·25 kg/d of a mixture without soyabeans. Cow performance was not significantly affected by the inclusion of FFS but fatty acid composition of the milk fat was greatly altered. The contents of C8:0 to C16:0 were significantly reduced (P < 0·001) while the contents of C18:0, C18:l and C18:2 were significantly increased (P < 0·001). Milk fat produced during feeding on FFS concentrate had a significantly lower content of solid fat at temperatures between 0 and 25 °C compared with milk fat produced when FFS was not given. In experiment 2, cows received concentrate mixtures containing either no whole rapeseed, 150 g/kg of whole unground FFR or 150 g/kg of ground FFR. Milk yield was significantly higher and silage DM intake significantly lower with the ground FFR concentrate compared with the other two diets but milk composition was not significantly different among treatments. FFR inclusion, either ground or unground, reduced diet digestibility. Changes in fatty acid composition of the milk fat were similar to those observed with FFS inclusion but the effect was larger with ground FFR compared with unground FFR. Nuclear magnetic resonance analysis showed a lower solid fat content when the FFR diets were employed with the effect being greatest with ground FFR.

Effects of increased milking frequency for the first 21 days post partum on selected measures of mammary gland health, milk yield and milk composition

2011 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
pp. 301-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shannon L Shields ◽  
Pedram Rezamand ◽  
Dallace L Sevier ◽  
Keun S Seo ◽  
William Price ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Flow Cytometric Analysis ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Cell Populations ◽  
Milk Fatty Acid ◽  
Milking Frequency

Somatic cell count (SCC) is a widely used marker of udder health and a predictor of inflammation caused by an immune response. The objective of this study was to determine whether selected measures of mammary gland health as well as milk fatty acid profile were altered by an increase in milking frequency using a unilateral frequent milking (UFM) model. Holstein cows at parturition were assigned to UFM, in which the left udder half of each cow was milked four-times daily (4X) and the right udder half was milked twice daily (2X) for the first 21 days in milk (DIM). Milk yields from each udder half were measured from 1–21 DIM and samples were collected on days 3, 7, 10, 14 and 21 for determination of SCC and milk composition. Flow cytometric analysis with bovine monoclonal antibodies was used to identify milk immune cell populations and milk fatty acid (FA) composition was determined using gas chromatography. Gene expression analysis was used to determine whether there was an alteration in mRNA expression of genes involved in milk fat production including lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and FA-binding protein 3 (FABP3) with ribosomal protein S9 (RPS9) as a house-keeping gene. No difference was detected for milk SCC or cell populations between the udder halves milked 4X as compared with the udder halves milked 2X. In addition, no difference was detected for any FA in milk from the udder half milked 4X as compared with the udder half milked 2X. Overall, using a UFM model, increased milking frequency for the first 21 DIM did not affect selected measures of mammary gland health or milk FA, but was associated with greater milk yield, milk fat percent and yield, and milk protein and lactose yields.

scholarly journals Relationship between Temperament and Stage of Lactation, Productivity and Milk Composition of Dairy Cows

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1840
Author(s):  
Ramūnas Antanaitis ◽  
Vida Juozaitienė ◽  
Vesta Jonike ◽  
Vytenis Čukauskas ◽  
Danguolė Urbšienė ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Fat ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Subclinical Mastitis ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Phenotypic Correlation ◽  
Protein Ratio ◽  
Stage Of Lactation ◽  
Milk Urea ◽  
Milk Performance

The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between temperament and milk performance in cows at different stages of lactation, describing their productivity, metabolic status and resistance to mastitis. This study showed that with increasing lactation, cows’ temperament indicators decreased (p < 0.001) and they became calmer. The highest temperament score on a five-point scale was found in cows between 45 and 100 days of lactation. In the group of pregnant cows, we found more cows (p = 0.005) with a temperament score of 1–2 compared with non-pregnant cows A normal temperament was usually detected in cows with lactose levels in milk of 4.60% or more and when the somatic cell count (SCC) values in cow milk were <100,000/mL and 100,000–200,000/mL, with a milk fat-to-protein ratio of 1.2. A larger number of more sensitive and highly aggressive cows was detected at a low milk urea level. In contrast to a positive phenotypic correlation (p < 0.05), this study showed a negative genetic correlation between the temperament of cows and milk yield (p < 0.001). Positive genetic correlations between temperament scores and milk somatic cells (p < 0.001) and milk fat-to-protein ratio (p < 0.05) were found to indicate a lower genetic predisposition in cows with a calmer temperament to subclinical mastitis and ketosis. On the other hand, the heritability of temperament (h2 = 0.044–0.100) showed that only a small part of the phenotypic changes in this indicator is associated with genetic factors.

scholarly journals Effect of season, genotype and lactation on milk yield and composition of local and crossbred dairy cows reared under different feed base region

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 50-65
Author(s):  
MA Baset ◽  
KS Huque ◽  
NR Sarker ◽  
MM Hossain ◽  
MN Islam
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Base Region ◽  
Total Solids ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Daily Milk Yield ◽  
Daily Milk

A total of 160 cows, 10 cows in each of native (local cow) and crossbred (local × Holstein Friesian) origins differing in lactation were used in 2×2×2×2 factorial experiment using Randomized Block Design (RBD) to evaluate milk yield and composition of cows considering regions (good & poor feed base region), seasons (dry: Nov.–Feb. 2009 & wet: Jun.–Oct. 2009), genotypes and lactation. A “good and/or poor feed base” region was classified based on the availability of quantity and quality roughages throughout the year. The study revealed that the daily milk yield and 4% FCM of cows under good feed base condition were 6.76 and 6.49 kg, respectively and under poor feed base condition were 3.67 and 3.31 kg, respectively. Feed base region did not affect on milk fat and it was observed that the milk protein, lactose, solids-not-fat (SNF), minerals and total solids under good feed base condition were 37.9, 54.9, 100.9, 6.3 and 140.6 g/kg, respectively, whereas, under poor feed base condition the values were 36.3, 52.9, 98.0, 6.1 and 135.2 g/kg, respectively. Season did not affect milk yield and composition except minerals (6.5 g/kg vs. 5.9 g/kg). Genotypes significantly (p?0.01) influenced daily milk yield, the milk protein and minerals. Lactation did not affect milk yield and the milk protein, but influenced the fat, lactose, SNF, minerals and total solids. The interaction of feed base regions and seasons significantly (p?0.01) influenced milk yield and the milk fat and SNF. The milk protein and lactose was influenced by the interaction of feed bases region, seasons and lactation. Milk yield negatively correlated with fat per cent. The percentage of fat significantly (p?0.01) correlated with protein, lactose, SNF, and minerals %. The percentage protein correlated with lactose, SNF and minerals. Lactose % significantly (p?0.01) correlated with SNF%. It may be concluded that milk yield and composition depends on feed base region, genotype and lactation of cows. Season did not influence milk yield and the composition. Milk yield negatively correlated with the percentage of fat, protein, lactose, SNF and milk composition strongly correlated with each other.Bangladesh J. of Livestock Res. 19(1-2): 50-65, Jan-Dec 2012

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document