A Greenhouse Gas and Soil Carbon Model for Estimating the Carbon Footprint of Livestock Production in Canada

This study investigates the amounts of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions due to manure handling within different livestock production systems in Tyumen oblast of Western Siberia. Tyumen oblast occupies approx. 160 000 km² of Asian taiga and forest steppe. The amount of GHGs from manure was calculated as a function of the handling according to current IPCC guidelines for ecozones and livestock production systems. The entire Tyumen oblast has annual 7 400 t methane emissions and 440 t nitrous oxide emissions from manure. Three livestock production systems are prevalent in Tyumen oblast: Mega farms, small farms and peasant farms. The share of mega farms is 81 % (171 kt CO2 eq). Additionally, the slurry system in mega farms causes environmental pollution. GHG emissions and environmental pollution could be reduced by implementing solid manure systems or pasturing, by installing storage facilities for slurry outside the stables and through application of the manure as fertiliser at mega farms. In small farms solid manure systems and a small stocking density of livestock lead to smallest GHG emissions (1 %, 3 kt CO2 eq) from manure. In peasant farming 18 % (38 kt CO2 eq) of GHGs are emitted due to pasturing.

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Responses of greenhouse gas emissions and soil carbon and nitrogen sequestration to field management in the winter season: A 6-year measurement in a Chinese double-rice field

Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment ◽

10.1016/j.agee.2021.107506 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 318 ◽

pp. 107506

Author(s):

Guangbin Zhang ◽

Qiong Huang ◽

Kaifu Song ◽

Haiyang Yu ◽

Jing Ma ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Soil Carbon ◽

Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽

Greenhouse Gas ◽

Rice Field ◽

Winter Season ◽

Gas Emissions ◽

Carbon And Nitrogen ◽

Nitrogen Sequestration ◽

Field Management ◽

Double Rice

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Making the world’s longest subsea tunnel sustainable

IABSE Conference, Kuala Lumpur 2018: Engineering the Developing World ◽

10.2749/kualalumpur.2018.0830 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Ketil Søyland ◽

Christer Wolden ◽

Christopher Garmann ◽

Debbie Harrison

Keyword(s):

Greenhouse Gas ◽

Carbon Footprint ◽

Large Scale ◽

Ghg Emissions ◽

Infrastructure Projects ◽

Subsea Tunnel ◽

Engineering Practices

<p>How can large-scale infrastructure projects be sustainable? The purpose of this paper is to discuss how engineering practices were changed in order to reduce the carbon footprint of the E39 Rogfast project, the world’s longest roadway sub-sea tunnel. The project will generate greenhouse gas (GHG)-emissions exceeding 1% of Norway’s total annual GHG-emissions. The paper covers the project process, including some of the challenges to be overcome.</p>

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CURRENT STATE AND PROSPECTS OF CARBON FARMING DEVELOPMENT IN THE REPUBLIC OF TATARSTAN

Vestnik of Kazan state agrarin university ◽

10.12737/2073-0462-2021-7-13 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (3) ◽

pp. 7-13

Author(s):

Radik Safin ◽

Ayrat Valiev ◽

Valeriya Kolesar

Keyword(s):

Greenhouse Gases ◽

Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽

Greenhouse Gas ◽

Carbon Footprint ◽

Crop Production ◽

Agricultural Soils ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Animal Husbandry ◽

Gas Emissions ◽

The Republic

Global climatic changes have a negative impact on the development of all sectors of the economy, including agriculture. However, the very production of agricultural products is one of the most important sources of greenhouse gases entering the atmosphere. Taking into account the need to reduce the “carbon footprint” in food production, a special place is occupied by the analysis of the volume of greenhouse gas emissions and the development of measures for their sequestration in agriculture. One of the main directions for reducing emissions and immobilizing greenhouse gases is the development of special techniques for their sequestration in the soil, including those used in agriculture. Adaptation of existing farming systems for this task will significantly reduce the “carbon footprint” from agricultural production, including animal husbandry. The development of carbon farming allows not only to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, but also to significantly increase the level of soil fertility, primarily by increasing the content of organic matter in them. As a result, it becomes possible, along with the production of crop production, to produce “carbon units” that are sold on local and international markets. The paper analyzes possible greenhouse gas emissions from agriculture and the potential for their sequestration in agricultural soils. The role of various elements of the farming system in solving the problem of reducing the “carbon footprint” is considered and ways of developing carbon farming in the Republic of Tatarstan are proposed

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A new dataset of soil carbon and nitrogen stocks and profiles from an instrumented Greenlandic fen designed to evaluate land-surface models

Earth System Science Data ◽

10.5194/essd-12-2365-2020 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (4) ◽

pp. 2365-2380

Author(s):

Xavier Morel ◽

Birger Hansen ◽

Christine Delire ◽

Per Ambus ◽

Mikhail Mastepanov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Soil Carbon ◽

Greenhouse Gas ◽

Land Surface ◽

High Water Content ◽

Land Surface Models ◽

Carbon And Nitrogen ◽

Soil Carbon And Nitrogen ◽

C Cycle ◽

Surface Models ◽

Carbon And Nitrogen Stocks

Abstract. Arctic and boreal peatlands play a major role in the global carbon (C) cycle. They are particularly efficient at sequestering carbon because their high water content limits decomposition rates to levels below their net primary productivity. Their future in a climate-change context is quite uncertain in terms of carbon emissions and carbon sequestration. Nuuk fen is a well-instrumented Greenlandic fen with monitoring of soil physical variables and greenhouse gas fluxes (CH4 and CO2) and is of particular interest for testing and validating land-surface models. But knowledge of soil carbon stocks and profiles is missing. This is a crucial shortcoming for a complete evaluation of models, as soil carbon is one of the primary drivers of CH4 and CO2 soil emissions. To address this issue, we measured, for the first time, soil carbon and nitrogen density, profiles and stocks in the Nuuk peatland (64∘07′51′′ N, 51∘23′10′′ W), colocated with the greenhouse gas measurements. Measurements were made along two transects, 60 and 90 m long and with a horizontal resolution of 5 m and a vertical resolution of 5 to 10 cm, using a 4 cm diameter gouge auger. A total of 135 soil samples were analyzed. Soil carbon density varied between 6.2 and 160.2 kg C m−3 with a mean value of 50.2 kg C m−3. Mean soil nitrogen density was 2.37 kg N m−3. Mean soil carbon and nitrogen stocks are 36.3 kg C m−2 and 1.7 kg N m−2. These new data are in the range of those encountered in other arctic peatlands. This new dataset, one of very few in Greenland, can contribute to further development of joint modeling of greenhouse gas emissions and soil carbon and nitrogen in land-surface models. The dataset is open-access and available at https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.909899 (Morel et al., 2019b).

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Bringing the concept of drop-in fuels into the pulp and paper industry

BioResources ◽

10.15376/biores.16.4.6553-6555 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (4) ◽

pp. 6553-6555

Author(s):

Rayssa Pinto ◽

Marcos Lúcio Corazza ◽

Luiz Pereira Ramos

Keyword(s):

Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽

Greenhouse Gas ◽

Carbon Footprint ◽

Carbon Fixation ◽

Paper Industry ◽

Pulp And Paper Industry ◽

Pulp And Paper ◽

Biobased Products ◽

Industrial Activities ◽

Do So

The pulp and paper sector is undertaking several initiatives to decrease the carbon footprint of its industrial activities. To do so, any emission must be offset by introducing efficient carbon fixation strategies such as reforestation and the development of biobased products and processes. The production of drop-in fuels may play an important role in this scenario. Drop-in fuels provide a good way to add value to otherwise underutilized process streams and wastes, reducing greenhouse gas emissions, minimizing other environmental impacts, and improving process sustainability.

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Study of the viticultural technical itineraries carbon footprint at fine scale

BIO Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/bioconf/20191501030 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 15 ◽

pp. 01030

Author(s):

E. Adoir ◽

S. Penavayre ◽

T. Petitjean ◽

L. De Rességuier

Keyword(s):

Life Cycle ◽

Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽

Greenhouse Gas ◽

Carbon Footprint ◽

Primary Data ◽

Life Cycle Approach ◽

Gas Emissions ◽

Carbon Footprints ◽

Life Project ◽

One Year

Viticulture faces two challenges regarding climate change: adapting and mitigating greenhouse gas emissions. Are these two challenges compatible? This is one of the questions to which Adviclim project (Life project, 2014–2019) provided tools and answers. The assessment of greenhouse gas emissions was implemented at the scale of the plot using a life cycle approach: calculating the carbon footprint. This approach makes it possible to take into account the emissions generated during each stage of the life cycle of a product or a service: in this case, the cultivation of one hectare of vine for one year. Carbon footprint was assessed for the 5 pilot sites of the Adviclim project: Saint-Emilion (France), Coteaux du Layon/Samur (France), Geisenheim (Germany), Cotnari (Romania) and Plompton (United Kingdom). An important work for primary data collection regarding observed practices was carried out with a sample of reresentative farms for these 5 sites, and for one to three vintages depending on the site. Beyond the question asked in the project, the calculation of these carbon footprints made it possible to (i) make winegrowers aware of the life cycle approach and the share of direct emissions generated by viticulture, (ii) acquire new references on the technical itineraries and their associated emissions, (iii) improve the adaptation of the methodology for calculating the carbon footprint to viticulture.

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Diet and Planetary Health: Single-Item Substitutions Significantly Reduce the Carbon Footprint of Self-Selected Diets Reported in NHANES (OR20-08-19)

Current Developments in Nutrition ◽

10.1093/cdn/nzz047.or20-08-19 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Diego Rose ◽

Amelia Willits-Smith ◽

Martin Heller

Keyword(s):

Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽

Greenhouse Gas ◽

Carbon Footprint ◽

Healthy Eating ◽

Nutritional Quality ◽

Healthy Eating Index ◽

High Impact ◽

Gas Emissions ◽

Single Item ◽

The U.S

Abstract Objectives The climate impacts of human food systems have been well documented. Guidance to individuals to reduce their dietary carbon footprint would benefit from simple advice, but little is known about the impact of simple changes on self-selected diets. Here we examine a random sample of high-impact diets from the U.S. to test the effects of a single change in each diet on greenhouse gas emissions (GHGE) and nutritional quality. Methods Based on an extensive review of lifecycle assessment studies in the environmental sciences literature, we created a database of Food Impacts on the Environment for Linking to Diets (dataFIELD). We matched impact data from dataFIELD to the 24-hour recall dietary data in the 2005–2010 waves of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). For all adults with reliable diets (N = 16,800), we calculated their dietary carbon dioxide equivalents per 1000 kcal (kg CO2-eq 1000 kcal−1), a density measure of GHGE. A 10% random sample (N = 330) of all diets in the top quintile of this variable was selected. The single food item with the highest GHGE was identified in each of these high-impact diets and was substituted for an equal-calorie amount of a similar, but lower impact food (e.g., chicken for beef). Each of the 330 diets were then re-evaluated on total GHGE/1000 kcal and on the Healthy Eating Index, a summary measure of nutritional quality developed for the U.S. population. Results The food with the highest impact in each of the randomly chosen diets was most often a type of beef (52%), a mixed dish with beef (33%), or a shellfish/shellfish mixed dish (10%). After single-item substitutions were made for these foods with equivalent poultry-based items, the mean impact from this sample of diets dropped (p < .001) from 4.35 ± 0.1 to 1.95 ± 0.8 kg CO2-eq 1000 kcal−1. This represents a 54% reduction in average dietary greenhouse gas emissions from diets. Healthy Eating Index values for the revised diets showed slight improvements. Conclusions Simple substitutions can be made in individuals' diets to reduce their carbon footprints, without sacrificing dietary quality. If promoted on a wide-scale basis, such a strategy could substantially reduce greenhouse gas emissions from the U.S. diet. Funding Sources Wellcome Trust.

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