scholarly journals Hydroxytyrosol Selectively Affects Non-Enzymatic Glycation in Human Insulin and Protects by AGEs Cytotoxicity

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1127
Author(s):  
Ivana Sirangelo ◽  
Margherita Borriello ◽  
Maria Liccardo ◽  
Marika Scafuro ◽  
Paola Russo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Insulin ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disorders ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Protein Glycation ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Advanced Glycation ◽  
Glycation End Products ◽  
End Products ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Hydroxytyrosol (HT), the major phenolic compound in olive oil, is attracting increasing interest for its beneficial properties including a notable antioxidant and anti-inflammatory power. In this study, using a combination of biophysical and cell biology techniques, we have tested the role of HT in the formation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs). AGEs have a key role in clinical sciences as they have been associated to diabetes, neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases. In addition, as the incidence of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is strongly increased in diabetic patients, AGE formation is supposed to be involved in the development of the pathological hallmarks of AD. Our data show that HT selectively inhibits protein glycation reaction in human insulin, and it is able to counteract the AGE-induced cytotoxicity in human neurotypical cells by acting on SIRT1 level and oxidative stress, as well as on inflammatory response. This study identifies new beneficial properties for HT and suggests it might be a promising molecule in protecting against the AGE-induced toxicity, a key mechanism underlying the development and progression of neurodegenerative disorders.

scholarly journals Hyperactivated RAGE in Comorbidities as a Risk Factor for Severe COVID-19—The Role of RAGE-RAS Crosstalk

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 876
Author(s):  
Sara Chiappalupi ◽  
Laura Salvadori ◽  
Rosario Donato ◽  
Francesca Riuzzi ◽  
Guglielmo Sorci
Keyword(s):  
Gene Polymorphisms ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Molecular Target ◽  
Advanced Glycation ◽  
Angiotensin System ◽  
Major Player ◽  
Glycation End Products ◽  
End Products ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

The receptor for advanced glycation-end products (RAGE) is a multiligand receptor with a role in inflammatory and pulmonary pathologies. Hyperactivation of RAGE by its ligands has been reported to sustain inflammation and oxidative stress in common comorbidities of severe COVID-19. RAGE is essential to the deleterious effects of the renin–angiotensin system (RAS), which participates in infection and multiorgan injury in COVID-19 patients. Thus, RAGE might be a major player in severe COVID-19, and appears to be a useful therapeutic molecular target in infections by SARS-CoV-2. The role of RAGE gene polymorphisms in predisposing patients to severe COVID-19 is discussed. 

scholarly journals Advanced Glycation End Products and Oxidative Stress in a Hyperglycaemic Environment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akio Nakamura ◽  
Ritsuko Kawahrada
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Advanced Glycation End Products ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Protein Glycation ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Advanced Glycation ◽  
Glycation End Products ◽  
End Products ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Protein glycation is the random, nonenzymatic reaction of sugar and protein induced by diabetes and ageing; this process is quite different from glycosylation mediated by the enzymatic reactions catalysed by glycosyltransferases. Schiff bases form advanced glycation end products (AGEs) via intermediates, such as Amadori compounds. Although these AGEs form various molecular species, only a few of their structures have been determined. AGEs bind to different AGE receptors on the cell membrane and transmit signals to the cell. Signal transduction via the receptor of AGEs produces reactive oxygen species in cells, and oxidative stress is responsible for the onset of diabetic complications. This chapter introduces the molecular mechanisms of disease onset due to oxidative stress, including reactive oxygen species, caused by AGEs generated by protein glycation in a hyperglycaemic environment.

Role of Advanced Glycation End Products (AGEs) and Oxidative Stress in Diabetic Retinopathy

2008 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 962-968 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sho-ichi Yamagishi ◽  
Seiji Ueda ◽  
Takanori Matsui ◽  
Kazuo Nakamura ◽  
Seiya Okuda
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Advanced Glycation End Products ◽  
Advanced Glycation ◽  
Glycation End Products ◽  
End Products ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

scholarly journals 3′-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-α,4,2′,4′,6′-pentahydroxy-dihydrochalcone, from Bark of Eysenhardtia polystachya Prevents Diabetic Nephropathy via Inhibiting Protein Glycation in STZ-Nicotinamide Induced Diabetic Mice

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 1214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosa Pérez Gutierrez ◽  
Abraham García Campoy ◽  
Silvia Paredes Carrera ◽  
Alethia Muñiz Ramirez ◽  
José Mota Flores ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Nephropathy ◽  
Advanced Glycation End Products ◽  
Renal Damage ◽  
Histological Analysis ◽  
Protein Glycation ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Diabetic Mice ◽  
Advanced Glycation ◽  
Glycation End Products ◽  
End Products

Previous studies have shown that accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) can be the cause of diabetic nephropathy (DN) in diabetic patients. Dihydrochalcone 3′-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl α,4,2′,4′,6′-pentahydroxy–dihydrochalcone (1) is a powerful antiglycation compound previously isolated from Eysenhardtia polystachya. The aim was to investigate whether (1) was able to protect against diabetic nephropathy in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice, which displayed renal dysfunction markers such as body weight, creatinine, uric acid, serum urea, total urinary protein, and urea nitrogen in the blood (BUN). In addition, pathological changes were evaluated including glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in the kidney, as well as in circulation level and pro-inflammatory markers ICAM-1 levels in diabetic mice. After 5 weeks, these elevated markers of dihydrochalcone treatment (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg) were significantly (p < 0.05) attenuated. In addition, they ameliorate the indices of renal inflammation as indicated by ICAM-1 markers. The kidney and circulatory AGEs levels in diabetic mice were significantly (p < 0.05) attenuated by (1) treatment. Histological analysis of kidney tissues showed an important recovery in its structure compared with the diabetic group. It was found that the compound (1) attenuated the renal damage in diabetic mice by inhibiting AGEs formation.

Methylglyoxal, oxidative stress, and hypertension

2006 ◽  
Vol 84 (12) ◽  
pp. 1229-1238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuanjie Chang ◽  
Lingyun Wu
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Protein Glycation ◽  
Ros Production ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Advanced Glycation ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Research Teams ◽  
Glycation End Products ◽  
End Products

Pathogenic mechanisms for essential hypertension are unclear despite striking efforts from numerous research teams over several decades. Increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) has been associated with the development of hypertension and the role of ROS in hypertension has been well documented in recent years. In this context, it is important to better understand pathways and triggering factors for increased ROS production in hypertension. This review draws a causative linkage between elevated methylglyoxal level, methylglyoxal-induced production of ROS, and advanced glycation end products in the development of hypertension. It is proposed that elevated methylglyoxal level and resulting protein glycation and ROS production may be the upstream links in the chain reaction leading to the development of hypertension.

scholarly journals Sweet Bones: The Pathogenesis of Bone Alteration in Diabetes

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Al-Hariri
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Advanced Glycation ◽  
Osteoblast Activity ◽  
Glycation End Products ◽  
End Products ◽  
The Status ◽  
Osteoid Surface ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Diabetic patients have increased fracture risk. The pathogenesis underlying the status of bone alterations in diabetes mellitus is not completely understood but is multifactorial. The major deficits appear to be related to a deficit in mineralized surface area, a decrement in the rate of mineral apposition, deceased osteoid surface, depressed osteoblast activity, and decreased numbers of osteoclasts due to abnormal insulin signaling pathway. Other prominent features of diabetes mellitus are an increased urinary excretion of calcium and magnesium, accumulation of advanced glycation end products, and oxidative stress leading to sweet bones (altered bone’s strength, metabolism, and structure). Every diabetic patient should be assessed for risk factors for fractures and osteoporosis. The pathogenesis of the bone alterations in diabetes mellitus as well as their molecular mechanisms needs further study.

scholarly journals The Relationship between the Soluble Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products and Oxidative Stress in Patients with Palmoplantar Warts

Medicina ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (10) ◽  
pp. 706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Iulia Mitran ◽  
Ilinca Nicolae ◽  
Mircea Tampa ◽  
Madalina Irina Mitran ◽  
Constantin Caruntu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Soluble Receptor ◽  
Advanced Glycation ◽  
Glycation End Products ◽  
End Products ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
And Oxidative Stress ◽  
Inflammation Parameters

Background and objectives: Warts are the most common lesions caused by human papillomavirus (HPV). Recent research suggests that oxidative stress and inflammation are involved in the pathogenesis of HPV-related lesions. It has been shown that the soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE) may act as a protective factor against the deleterious effects of inflammation and oxidative stress, two interconnected processes. However, in HPV infection, the role of sRAGE, constitutively expressed in the skin, has not been investigated in previous studies. Materials and Methods: In order to analyze the role of sRAGE in warts, we investigated the link between sRAGE and the inflammatory response on one hand, and the relationship between sRAGE and the total oxidant/antioxidant status (TOS/TAS) on the other hand, in both patients with palmoplantar warts (n = 24) and healthy subjects as controls (n = 28). Results: Compared to the control group, our results showed that patients with warts had lower levels of sRAGE (1036.50 ± 207.60 pg/mL vs. 1215.32 ± 266.12 pg/mL, p < 0.05), higher serum levels of TOS (3.17 ± 0.27 vs. 2.93 ± 0.22 µmol H2O2 Eq/L, p < 0.01), lower serum levels of TAS (1.85 ± 0.12 vs. 2.03 ± 0.14 µmol Trolox Eq/L, p < 0.01) and minor variations of the inflammation parameters (high sensitivity-CRP, interleukin-6, fibrinogen, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate). Moreover, in patients with warts, sRAGE positively correlated with TAS (r = 0.43, p < 0.05), negatively correlated with TOS (r = −0.90, p < 0.01), and there was no significant correlation with inflammation parameters. There were no significant differences regarding the studied parameters between groups when we stratified the patients according to the number of the lesions and disease duration. Conclusions: Our results suggest that sRAGE acts as a negative regulator of oxidative stress and could represent a mediator involved in the development of warts. However, we consider that the level of sRAGE cannot be used as a biomarker for the severity of warts. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate that sRAGE could be involved in HPV pathogenesis and represent a marker of oxidative stress in patients with warts.

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