scholarly journals Phenolic Compounds and the Anti-Atherogenic Effect of Bee Bread in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Rats

Antioxidants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zaidatul Akmal Othman ◽  
Wan Syaheedah Wan Ghazali ◽  
Liza Noordin ◽  
Nurul Aiman Mohd. Yusof ◽  
Mahaneem Mohamed
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthase ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Atherogenic Index ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Bee Bread ◽  
Obese Rats

This study was undertaken to determine the phenolic compounds and the anti-atherogenic effect of bee bread in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese rats. The presence of phenolic compounds in bee bread was determined by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. Thirty-two male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into four groups, (n = 8/group); i.e., Normal (N), HFD (high-fat diet), HFD + BB (high-fat diet and 0.5 g/kg/day bee bread), and HFD + O (high-fat diet and 10 mg/kg/day orlistat) groups. After 6 weeks of the experiment, rats were sacrificed. Five phenolic compounds were identified in bee bread; namely, caffeic acid, ferulic acid, kaempferol, apigenin, and isorhamnetin. Bee bread significantly reduced Lee obesity index and levels of total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), fatty acid synthase (FAS) activity, atherogenic index, oxidised-LDL (oxLDL), and malondialdehyde (MDA), and significantly increased aortic antioxidant activities, such as those of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx). Adipocyte sizes were found to be smaller in the HFD + BB group compared to the N group, and en face aortas showed an absence of atherosclerotic plaque in rats supplemented with bee bread. These changes might suggest an anti-atherogenic effect of bee bread in HFD-induced obese rats via its antioxidant and hypocholesterolaemic properties.

scholarly journals Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb. Ameliorates Hyperglycemia and Hepatic Steatosis in Ovariectomized Rats Fed a High-Fat Diet

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1631
Author(s):  
Hwan-Hee Jang ◽  
Ji Hyun Bae ◽  
Mi-Ju Kim ◽  
Mi Young Park ◽  
Haeng Ran Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthase ◽  
Coenzyme A ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Estrogen Deficiency ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Hepatic Expression

Estrogen deficiency is associated with obesity, dyslipidemia, and increased insulin resistance in postmenopausal women. An efficient therapeutic agent prevents or improves postmenopausal conditions induced by estrogen deficiency. Here, we investigated the effects of aqueous Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb. extract on glucose and lipid metabolism in ovariectomized rats fed a high-fat diet (HFD). Female Sprague-Dawley rats were sham-operated or ovariectomized, and 3 weeks later were assigned to the following groups: sham-operated + HFD (S); ovariectomized + HFD (OVX); and ovariectomized + HFD with 0.5% A. pilosa aqueous extract (OVX + 0.5A) groups. Ovariectomy significantly increased body weight and dietary intake relative to the S group. However, A. pilosa treatment did not significantly affect weight gain or dietary intake. Blood triacylglycerol, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels tended to decrease in the A. pilosa-supplemented group. Blood glucose levels were significantly lower in the OVX + 0.5A group than those in the OVX group. Blood adiponectin and insulin concentrations increased significantly after A. pilosa treatment in the ovariectomized group. A. pilosa supplementation tended to decrease liver weights and prevented lipid accumulation. These effects correlated with reduced hepatic expression of lipogenesis-related genes (fatty acid synthase, acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase alpha, and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase). Therefore, A. pilosa may improve metabolic disorders in ovariectomized rats.

scholarly journals Protective Effects of Echinacea purpurea Ethanol Extract on Male Reproductive Dysfunction in Obese Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 2392
Author(s):  
Zwe-Ling Kong ◽  
Athira Johnson ◽  
Tzu-Ling Ting ◽  
Po-Jen Cheng ◽  
Chien-Feng Mao
Keyword(s):  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Regulatory Protein ◽  
Adenosine Monophosphate ◽  
Echinacea Purpurea ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Obese Rats

Obesity is characterized by excessive fat accumulation and it may affect reproductive health by altering the sperm parameters, hormonal profiles, and gonadal functions. Echinacea purpurea is a medicinal herb and is well-known for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. The purpose of this study was to examine the beneficial effects of E. purpurea ethanol (EPE) extract on the high-fat diet (HFD)-induced reproductive damage. The obese condition in male Sprague–Dawley rats was induced by feeding with a high-fat diet (45%) and later three different doses of EPE (93, 186, 465 mg/kg per day) were tested for 5 weeks. The results showed that the level of antioxidant enzymes was increased, whereas lipid peroxidation, blood glucose level, nitric oxide production, IL-6 level, and TNF-α level were decreased in the presence of EPE extract. In addition to this, the sperm counts, motility, morphology, DNA damage, and mitochondrial membrane potential were also improved. Additionally, the protein expression of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Alpha (PPAR-α), and Phospho-Adenosine Monophosphate-Activated Protein Kinase Alpha ½ (AMPKα1/2) phosphorylation in liver tissue and Steroidogenic Acute Regulatory Protein (StAR) and 17β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase 3 (17β-HSD3) expressions in testes were increased. In conclusion, the administration of EPE extracts beneficially regulated the inflammation and reproductive damage in obese rats.

scholarly journals Melatonin Improves Fatty Liver Syndrome by Inhibiting the Lipogenesis Pathway in Hamsters with High-Fat Diet-Induced Hyperlipidemia

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 748 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tzu-Hsuan Ou ◽  
Yu-Tang Tung ◽  
Ting-Hsuan Yang ◽  
Yi-Wen Chien
Keyword(s):  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthase ◽  
Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Lipogenic Enzymes ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Syrian Hamsters ◽  
Hepatic Lipid

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of melatonin on hepatic lipid metabolism in hamsters with high-fat diet (HFD)-induced dyslipidemia. Male Syrian hamsters were kept on either a chow control (C) or HFD for four weeks. After four weeks, animals fed the HFD were further randomly assigned to four groups: high-fat only (P), melatonin low-dosage (L), medium-dosage (M), and high-dosage (H) groups. The L, M, and H groups, respectively, received 10, 20, and 50 mg/kg/day of a melatonin solution, while the P and C groups received the ethanol vehicle. After eight weeks of the intervention, results showed that a low dose of melatonin significantly reduced HFD-induced hepatic cholesterol and triglycerides; decreased plasma cholesterol, triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; and increased plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (p < 0.05). In addition, melatonin markedly decreased activities of the hepatic lipogenic enzymes, acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) and fatty acid synthase (FAS) (p < 0.05), and elevated the relative hepatic carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1α expression in hamsters with HFD-induced hyperlipidemia. Consequently, melatonin reduced activities of the hepatic lipogenic enzymes, ACC and FAS. In summary, chronic melatonin administration improved HFD-induced dyslipidemia and hepatic lipid accumulation in Syrian hamsters with HFD-induced dyslipidemia, which might have occurred through inhibiting the lipogenesis pathway.

scholarly journals Protective Effects of Black Raspberry (Rubus occidentalis) Extract against Hypercholesterolemia and Hepatic Inflammation in Rats Fed High-Fat and High-Choline Diets

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 2448
Author(s):  
Taehwan Lim ◽  
Juhee Ryu ◽  
Kiuk Lee ◽  
Sun Young Park ◽  
Keum Taek Hwang
Keyword(s):  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Nuclear Factor Κb ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Black Raspberry ◽  
Hepatic Inflammation ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Cox 2

Choline is converted to trimethylamine by gut microbiota and further oxidized to trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) by hepatic flavin monooxygenases. Positive correlation between TMAO and chronic diseases has been reported. Polyphenols in black raspberry (BR), especially anthocyanins, possess various biological activities. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of BR extract on the level of choline-derived metabolites, serum lipid profile, and inflammation markers in rats fed high-fat and high-choline diets. Forty female Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into four groups and fed for 8 weeks as follows: CON (AIN-93G diet), HF (high-fat diet), HFC (HF + 1.5% choline water), and HFCB (HFC + 0.6% BR extract). Serum levels of TMAO, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol and cecal trimethylamine (TMA) level were significantly higher in the HFC than in the HFCB. BR extract decreased mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory genes including nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and protein expression of NF-κB and COX-2 in liver tissue. These results suggest that consistent intake of BR extract might alleviate hypercholesterolemia and hepatic inflammation induced by excessive choline with a high-fat diet via lowering elevated levels of cecal TMA and serum TMAO in rats.

scholarly journals Antidyslipidemic, Anti-Inflammatory, and Antioxidant Activities of Aqueous Leaf Extract of Dioscoreophyllum cumminsii (Stapf) Diels in High-Fat Diet-Fed Rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. B. Ibitoye ◽  
U. M. Ghali ◽  
J. B. Adekunle ◽  
J. N. Uwazie ◽  
T. O. Ajiboye
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Protein Carbonyl ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Obese Rats ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Dioscoreophyllum cumminsii (Stapf) Diels leaves are widely used in the treatment of diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular related complications in Nigeria. This study investigates the anti-inflammatory and antiobesity effect of aqueous extract of Dioscoreophyllum cumminsii leaves in high-fat diet- (HFD-) induced obese rats. HFD-fed rats were given 100, 200, and 400 mgkg−1 body weight of aqueous extract of Dioscoreophyllum cumminsii leaves for 4 weeks starting from 9th week of HFD treatment. D. cumminsii leaves aqueous extract reversed HFD-mediated decrease in the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, and glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase. Moreover, HFD-mediated elevation in the levels of conjugated dienes, lipid hydroperoxides, malondialdehyde, protein carbonyl, and DNA fragmentation in rats liver was lowered. HFD-mediated alterations in serum total cholesterol, triacylglycerol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were significantly reversed by the extract. The treatment of HFD-fed rats reduced the levels of insulin, leptin, protein carbonyl, fragmented DNA, and tumour necrosis factor-α and interleukin- (IL-) 6 and IL- 8 and increased the adiponectin level. This study showed that aqueous extract of Dioscoreophyllum cumminsii leaves has potential antiobesity and anti-inflammatory effects through modulation of obesity-induced inflammation, oxidative stress, and obesity-related disorder in HFD-induced obese rats.

scholarly journals Antihyperlipidemic and Antioxidant Potential of Paeonia emodi Royle against High-Fat Diet Induced Oxidative Stress

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bilal A. Zargar ◽  
Mubashir H. Masoodi ◽  
Bahar Ahmed ◽  
Showkat A. Ganie
Keyword(s):  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Toxicity Testing ◽  
Antioxidant Potential ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Atherogenic Index ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Serum Triglycerides

The present study was intended to evaluate the effects of Paeonia emodi rhizome extracts on serum triglycerides (TGs), total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), atherogenic index (AI), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx). The plant was extensively examined for its in vitro antioxidant activity, and the preliminary phytochemical screening was carried out using standard protocols. Male Wistar rats were induced with hyperlipidemia using high-fat diet and were treated orally with hydroalcoholic and aqueous extracts at the dose of 200 mg/kg bw for 30 days. TGs, TC, LDL-c, and AI were significantly reduced while HDL-c, SOD, and GPx levels rose to a considerable extent. After subjecting to acute toxicity testing, the extracts were found to be safe. The observations suggest antihyperlipidemic and antioxidant potential of P. emodi in high-fat diet induced hyperlipidemic/oxidative stressed rats.

Cyclocarya paliurus prevents high fat diet induced hyperlipidemia and obesity in Sprague–Dawley rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 93 (8) ◽  
pp. 677-686 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoming Yao ◽  
Zi Lin ◽  
Cuihua Jiang ◽  
Meng Gao ◽  
Qingqing Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Food Utilization ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Cyclocarya Paliurus ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

Cyclocarya paliurus (CP; qing qian liu), which is used as an herbal tea in China, has been confirmed to have therapeutic effects on hyperlipidemia and obesity, and therefore it is widely consumed to prevent metabolic diseases such as hyperlipidemia and diabetes. In this study, we investigated the preventive effects of CP on obesity and hyperlipidemia, as well as the underlying mechanisms involved in intestinal secretion of apolipoprotein (apo) B48. Sprague–Dawley rats were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) and with or without various concentrations of an ethanol extract of CP (CPE; 2, 4, or 8 g·(kg body mass)–1) administered by gavage for 8 weeks. From the results we see that CPE dose-dependently blocked increases in body mass, and decreased food utilization as well as visceral fat mass. Decreased serum levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, and low density lipoprotein cholesterol, and elevated levels of high density lipoprotein cholesterol, as well as lowered levels of total cholesterol and triglycerides in the liver were also noticed in CPE-treated rats. Magnetic resonance images indicated that the abnormal fat storage induced by the HFD was obviously suppressed by CPE. In addition, ELISA analysis showed reduced fasting serum apoB48 in the CPE treatment groups. Based on the above results, CPE shows a promising preventive effect on obesity and hyperlipidemia, partially through suppressing intestinal apoB48 overproduction.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Cardiac Performance after Treatment with the Biofield Energy Treated Proprietary Test Formulation on L-NAME and High Fat Diet-Induced Cardiovascular Disorders in Sprague Dawley Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 6-19
Author(s):  
Mahendra Kumar Trivedi ◽  
Alice Branton ◽  
Dahryn Trivedi
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Cardiac Performance ◽  
Atherogenic Index ◽  
Total Leucocyte Count ◽  
Cardiovascular Disorders ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Test Formulation ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

Study was aimed to evaluate effect of Biofield Treated Proprietary Formulation and Biofield Treatment per se on cardiac performance on NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride (L-NAME) and high fat diet (HFD)-induced cardiovascular disorders in Sprague Dawley rats. Nine groups were assigned, in which four were preventive maintenance groups. The constituents of test formulation were divided into two parts; one section was defined as the untreated test formulation, while the other portion of the test formulation and three groups of animals received Biofield Energy Healing Treatment remotely for about 3 minutes by a renowned Biofield Energy Healer, Mr. Mahendra Kumar Trivedi. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) was significantly (p≤0.001) decreased by 13.39%, 14.65%, 17.74%, 14.36%, and 14.69% in the G5, G6, G7, G8, and G9 groups, respectively as compared to disease control (G2) group. Diastolic blood pressure (DBP)was significantly (p≤0.001) reduced by 25.95%, 24.41%, 30.79%, 24.67%, and 25.23% in G5, G6, G7, G8, and G9 groups, respectively than G2. Heart rate (HR) was significantly (p≤0.05) reduced by 6.58%, 8.06%, and 6.99% in G7, G8, and G9 groups, respectively than G2. Total leucocyte count (TLC) count was increased by 12.8% and 17.45% in G5 and G8 groups, respectively than G2 group. Neutrophils and lymphocytes were increased by 60.11% (G8) and 11.49% (G5), respectively than G2. Eosinophils were reduced by 11.11%, 20%, and 15% in G6, G7, and G9 groups, respectively than G2. Total cholesterol was significantly decreased by 22.64% (p≤0.05), 15.78%, 25.56% (p≤0.05), 22.56%, and 34.27% in G5, G6, G7, G8, and G9 groups, respectively than G2. Triglyceride was significantly (p≤0.001) reduced by 34.55%, 43.29%, 55.23%, 28.57%, and 37.28% in G5, G6, G7, G8, and G9 groups, respectively than G2. VLDL level was also significantly (p≤0.001) reduced by 80.81%, 83.61%, 86.82%, 79.19%, and 81.63% in G5, G6, G7, G8, and G9 group, respectively; while LDL was reduced by 20.32% (G9) group than G2. Atherogenic index (AI) was significantly (p≤0.001) decreased by 78.36%, 83.21%, 84.68%, 74.06%, and 72.98% in the G5, G6, G7, G8, and G9 groups, respectively than G2. The level of uric acid (UA) was significantly (p≤0.001) decreased by 57.51%, 52.36%, 45.49%, 43.78%, and 40.77% in the G5, G6, G7, G8, and G9 groups respectively, as compared with the G2 group. Serum glutamate pyruvate transaminases (SGPT) was significantly (p≤0.001) decreased by 45.96%, 48.01%, 37.19%, 37.69%, and 42.93% in the G5, G6, G7, G8, and G9 groups, respectively than G2. Creatine kinase myocardial band (CK-MB) level was significantly reduced by 10.19%, 21.97% (p≤0.01), 10.47%, and 16.94% in the G5, G6, G7, and G9 groups, than G2. Overall, the data suggested significance improvement of heart-related hematology, hepatic, and lipid parameters with respect to various pathological conditions that might be beneficial various types of cardiovascular disorders. Therefore, the results showed the significant slowdown the cardiovascular disease progression and its complications/symptoms in the preventive treatment groups viz. G6, G7, G8, and G9.

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