scholarly journals Durability of Fabric-Reinforced Cementitious Matrix (FRCM) Composites: A Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 1714 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karrar Al-Lami ◽  
Tommaso D’Antino ◽  
Pierluigi Colombi
Keyword(s):  
Cementitious Matrix ◽  
Frp Composites ◽  
Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Externally Bonded ◽  
Direct Tensile ◽  
Long Term Performance ◽  
Term Performance ◽  
Long Term Behavior ◽  
Fabric Reinforced Cementitious Matrix

Strengthening and rehabilitation of masonry and concrete structures by means of externally bonded fabric-reinforced cementitious matrix (FRCM) (also referred to as textile reinforced mortar (TRM)) composites was proposed as an alternative to the use of fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites due to their good mechanical properties and compatibility with the substrate. However, quite limited studies are available in the literature regarding the long-term behavior of FRCM composites with respect to different environmental conditions. This paper presents a thorough review of the available researches on the long-term behavior of FRCM composites. Namely, (i) test set-ups employed to study the FRCM durability, (ii) conditioning environments adopted, and (iii) long-term performance of FRCM and its component materials (mortar and fiber textile) subjected to direct tensile and bond tests, are presented and discussed. Based on the available results, some open issues that need to be covered in future studies are pointed out.

Prediction of Bearing Lifetime Demands by Considering the Bridge Design and Location Parameters

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minesh K. Patel ◽  
Georgios P. Balomenos
Keyword(s):  
Bridge Design ◽  
Traffic Loading ◽  
Location Parameters ◽  
Long Term Performance ◽  
Term Performance ◽  
Long Term Behavior ◽  
Bridge Bearings ◽  
Bearing Behavior ◽  
Over Time

<p>The <span>long-term performance and safety of bridges is of paramount importance. Researchers have placed significant focus on the degradation and deterioration of bridge materials such as steel and concrete, but significantly less is known about the long-term behavior of bridge bearings. Uncertainty in the bearing behavior over time leads to challenges about when the bearings should be inspected and potentially replaced. However, bearing demands vary greatly based on the design of the bridge (e.g. differences in bridge material, girder type, span, height, and location). This paper finds trends in lifetime bearing demands from seismic, thermal, and traffic loading when the bridge design and location parameters are considered. These results can be used to identify which of the parameters have the greatest influence on the lifetime bearing demands which can then be used, in turn, to evaluate bearing long-term performance.</span></p>

scholarly journals Shear Strengthening Performance of Hybrid FRP-FRCM

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyusan Jung ◽  
Kinam Hong ◽  
Sanghoon Han ◽  
Jaekyu Park ◽  
Jaehyun Kim
Keyword(s):  
Shear Capacity ◽  
Shear Strengthening ◽  
Cementitious Matrix ◽  
Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Capacity Model ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Externally Bonded ◽  
Strengthened Beam ◽  
Fabric Reinforced Cementitious Matrix ◽  
Glass Frp

The effectiveness of a hybrid fiber reinforced polymer- (FRP-) fabric reinforced cementitious matrix (FRCM) for shear strengthening was investigated though an experimental study. FRP materials of FRCM are usually fabricated in the form of a fabric to enhance the bond strength between the FRP material and the cementitious matrix. The hybrid FRP fabric used in this study consisted of carbon FRP (CFRP) and glass FRP (GFRP) in warp and weft directions, respectively. A total of 11 beams were fabricated and 8 beams among them were strengthened in shear with externally bonded hybrid FRP-FRCM. The number of plies, the bond types, and the spacing of the hybrid FRP fabric were considered as experimental variables. Additionally, a shear capacity model for a FRCM shear strengthened beam was proposed. The values predicted by the proposed model were compared with those by the ACI 549 code and test results. It was confirmed from the comparison that the proposed model predicted the shear strengthening performance of the hybrid FRP-FRCM more reliably than the ACI 549 code did.

Durability of Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) Bar Used as Concrete Reinforcement: Temperature Effect

2011 ◽  
Vol 94-96 ◽  
pp. 1573-1576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Wei Huang
Keyword(s):  
Service Condition ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Glass Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Rc Structure ◽  
Yearly Average ◽  
Long Term Performance ◽  
Term Performance

This paper presents calibration of service temperature on the prediction of long-term performance of GFRP bar in reinforced concrete structures. Two approaches, based on monthly average temperature and yearly average temperature are proposed to simulate the real service condition on the RC structure for the study on long-term performance. A design example for the comparison of results by the two approaches is presented.

An Investigation of Environmental Reduction Factor for GFRP Bar Used as Concrete Reinforcement in China

2011 ◽  
Vol 413 ◽  
pp. 399-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Wei Huang
Keyword(s):  
Reduction Factor ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Rc Structures ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Gfrp Bar ◽  
Temperature Records ◽  
Long Term Performance ◽  
Term Performance

Currently, an environmental reduction factor (ERF) is incorporated in design codes/guidelines of Fiber Reinforced-Polymer (FRP) in reinforced concrete (RC) structures to account for the FRP long-term durability. Due to the lack of real time durability data, justification of the ERF is still necessitated. This paper presents a calibration of ERF for GFRP bar to be used in China on the basis of the prediction of GFRP long-term performance with monthly average temperature records from 32 major cities. Research results show that the ERF values vary from 0.49 to 0.58 at 100% R.H. exposure, while ERFs are greater than 0.70 for all cases being studied when R.H. is below 90%. On the basis of this study, ERF can be recommended as of 0.70 and 0.50 for application with R.H. <90% and moisture saturated exposures, respectively.

scholarly journals Can Accelerated Aging Procedures Predict the Long Term Behavior of Polymers Exposed to Different Environments?

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 2688
Author(s):  
Mariaenrica Frigione ◽  
Alvaro Rodríguez-Prieto
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Vapor Condensation ◽  
Natural Exposure ◽  
Long Term Performance ◽  
Term Performance ◽  
Long Term Behavior

During their useful life, polymers are subject to degradation processes due to exposure to specific environmental conditions over long times. These processes generally lead to changes, almost always irreversible, of properties and performances of polymers, changes which would be useful to be able to predict in advance. To meet this need, numerous investigations have been focused on the possibility to predict the long-term performance of polymers, if exposed to specific environments, by the so called “accelerated aging” tests. In such procedures, the long-term behavior of polymeric materials is typically predicted by subjecting them to cycles of radiations, temperatures, vapor condensation, and other external agents, at levels well above those found in true conditions in order to accelerate the degradation of polymers: this can produce effects that substantially deviate from those observable under natural exposure. Even following the standard codes, different environmental parameters are often used in the diverse studies, making it difficult to compare different investigations. The correlation of results from accelerated procedures with data collected after natural exposure is still a debated matter. Furthermore, since the environmental conditions are a function of the season and the geographical position, and are also characteristic of the type of exposure area, the environmental parameters to be used in accelerated aging tests should also consider these variables. These and other issues concerning accelerated aging tests applied to polymers are analyzed in the present work. However, bearing in mind the limitations of these practices, they can find useful applications for rating the durability of polymeric materials.

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