New Hybrid Tomato Cultivars: An NMR-Based Chemical Characterization

Bamano, King Creole, Sugarland, and DulceMiel hybrid tomato cultivars have been recently introduced in the Lazio area (Central Italy) to expand and valorize the regional/national market. Tomatoes from these cultivars, together with tomatoes from the native Fiaschetta cultivar, were sampled at the proper ripening time for the fresh market and characterized to obtain and compare their metabolite profiles. The Bligh–Dyer extraction protocol was carried out, and the resulting organic and hydroalcoholic fractions were analyzed by high-field Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. NMR data relative to quantified metabolites (sugars, amino acids, organic acids, sterols, and fatty acids) allowed to point out similarities and differences among cultivars. DulceMiel hybrid and Fiaschetta native cultivars showed some common aspects having the highest levels of the most abundant amino acids as well as comparable amounts of organic acids, amino acids, stigmasterol, and linoleic and linolenic acids. However, DulceMiel turned out to have higher levels of glucose, fructose, and galactose with respect to Fiaschetta, reflecting the particular taste of the DulceMiel product. King Creole, Bamano, and Sugarland hybrid cultivars were generally characterized by the lowest content of amino acids and organic acids. King Creole showed the highest content of malic acid, whereas Bamano was characterized by the highest levels of glucose and fructose.

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Cannabis sativa L. Inflorescences from Monoecious Cultivars Grown in Central Italy: An Untargeted Chemical Characterization from Early Flowering to Ripening

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules25081908 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (8) ◽

pp. 1908 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Cinzia Ingallina ◽

Anatoly P. Sobolev ◽

Simone Circi ◽

Mattia Spano ◽

Caterina Fraschetti ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Biogenic Amines ◽

Cannabis Sativa ◽

Central Italy ◽

Chemical Characterization ◽

Chemical Characteristics ◽

Flowering Period ◽

Lazio Region ◽

Very High

The chemical composition of the inflorescences from four Cannabis sativa L. monoecious cultivars (Ferimon, Uso-31, Felina 32 and Fedora 17), recently introduced in the Lazio Region, was monitored over the season from June to September giving indications on their sensorial, pharmaceutical/nutraceutical proprieties. Both untargeted (NMR) and targeted (GC/MS, UHPLC, HPLC-PDA/FD and spectrophotometry) analyses were carried out to identify and quantify compounds of different classes (sugars, organic acids, amino acids, cannabinoids, terpenoids, phenols, tannins, flavonoids and biogenic amines). All cultivars in each harvesting period showed a THC content below the Italian legal limit, although in general THC content increased over the season. Citric acid, malic acid and glucose showed the highest content in the late flowering period, whereas the content of proline drastically decreased after June in all cultivars. Neophytadiene, nerolidol and chlorogenic acid were quantified only in Felina 32 cultivar, characterized also by a very high content of flavonoids, whereas alloaromadendrene and trans-cinnamic acid were detected only in Uso-31 cultivar. Naringenin and naringin were present only in Fedora 17 and Ferimon cultivars, respectively. Moreover, Ferimon had the highest concentration of biogenic amines, especially in July and August. Cadaverine was present in all cultivars but only in September. These results suggest that the chemical composition of Cannabis sativa L. inflorescences depends on the cultivar and on the harvesting period. Producers can use this information as a guide to obtain inflorescences with peculiar chemical characteristics according to the specific use.

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Synthesis and characteristics of ethylenediamine-N,N'-di-S-α-isovalerate and isomers of its cobalt(III) complexes

Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications ◽

10.1135/cccc19820210 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 47 (1) ◽

pp. 210-216 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Milan Strašák ◽

František Bachratý ◽

Jaroslav Majer

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Absolute Configuration ◽

Electronic Absorption ◽

Electronic Absorption Spectra ◽

Chemical Parameters ◽

Methyl Group ◽

Nmr Data ◽

Physico Chemical ◽

Natural Amino Acids ◽

C Nmr

The synthesis and physico-chemical parameters are described of a new complexone based on natural amino acids, viz. ethylenediamine-N,N'-di-S-α-isovalerate (SS-EDDIV). 1H- and 13C-NMR data revealed that the methyl group in the substance are not equivalent. The isomers of the cobalt(III) complex with the asymmetric tetradentate SS-EDDIV ligand were prepared and separated; their characteristics are given. The absolute configuration of two of the five theoretically feasible isomers was determined based on their electronic absorption spectra and circular dichroism data.

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Profiles of Secondary Metabolites (Phenolic Acids, Carotenoids, Anthocyanins, and Galantamine) and Primary Metabolites (Carbohydrates, Amino Acids, and Organic Acids) during Flower Development in Lycoris radiata

Biomolecules ◽

10.3390/biom11020248 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 248

Author(s):

Chang Ha Park ◽

Hyeon Ji Yeo ◽

Ye Jin Kim ◽

Bao Van Nguyen ◽

Ye Eun Park ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Secondary Metabolites ◽

Organic Acids ◽

Phenolic Acids ◽

Flower Development ◽

Developmental Stages ◽

Tca Cycle ◽

Primary And Secondary Metabolites ◽

Hydrophilic Compounds ◽

Tca Cycle Intermediates

This study aimed to elucidate the variations in primary and secondary metabolites during Lycorisradiata flower development using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC-TOFMS). The result showed that seven carotenoids, seven phenolic acids, three anthocyanins, and galantamine were identified in the L. radiata flowers. Most secondary metabolite levels gradually decreased according to the flower developmental stages. A total of 51 metabolites, including amines, sugars, sugar intermediates, sugar alcohols, amino acids, organic acids, phenolic acids, and tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle intermediates, were identified and quantified using GC-TOFMS. Among the hydrophilic compounds, most amino acids increased during flower development; in contrast, TCA cycle intermediates and sugars decreased. In particular, glutamine, asparagine, glutamic acid, and aspartic acid, which represent the main inter- and intracellular nitrogen carriers, were positively correlated with the other amino acids and were negatively correlated with the TCA cycle intermediates. Furthermore, quantitation data of the 51 hydrophilic compounds were subjected to partial least-squares discriminant analyses (PLS-DA) to assess significant differences in the metabolites of L. radiata flowers from stages 1 to 4. Therefore, this study will serve as the foundation for a biochemical approach to understand both primary and secondary metabolism in L. radiata flower development.

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Amino acids, organic acids and sugars present in mycelium of Alternaria triticina and A. tenuis

Transactions of the British Mycological Society ◽

10.1016/s0007-1536(76)80180-5 ◽

1976 ◽

Vol 67 (3) ◽

pp. 498-499 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

C.S.K. Vijaya Kumar ◽

A.S. Rao

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Organic Acids ◽

Organic Acids And Sugars

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Metabolomic-Based Comparison of Traditional and Industrial Doenjang Samples with Antioxidative Activities

Foods ◽

10.3390/foods10061377 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (6) ◽

pp. 1377

Author(s):

Song-Hui Soung ◽

Sunmin Lee ◽

Seung-Hwa Lee ◽

Hae-Jin Kim ◽

Na-Rae Lee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Statistical Analysis ◽

Organic Acids ◽

Biogenic Amines ◽

Multivariate Statistical Analysis ◽

Metabolite Profiling ◽

New Products ◽

Multivariate Statistical ◽

Fermentation Processes

Numerous varieties of doenjang are manufactured by many food companies using different ingredients and fermentation processes, and thus, the qualities such as taste and flavor are very different. Therefore, in this study, we compared many products, specifically, 19 traditional doenjang (TD) and 17 industrial doenjang (ID). Subsequently, we performed non-targeted metabolite profiling, and multivariate statistical analysis to discover distinct metabolites in two types of doenjang. Amino acids, organic acids, isoflavone aglycones, non-DDMP (2,3-dihydro-2,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-4H-pyran-4- one) soyasaponins, hydroxyisoflavones, and biogenic amines were relatively abundant in TD. On the contrary, contents of dipeptides, lysophospholipids, isoflavone glucosides and DDMP-conjugated soyasaponin, precursors of the above-mentioned metabolites, were comparatively higher in ID. We also observed relatively higher antioxidant, protease, and β-glucosidase activities in TD. Our results may provide valuable information on doenjang to consumers and manufacturers, which can be used while selecting and developing new products.

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The Xylem Sap of Maize Roots: Its Collection, Composition and Formation

Functional Plant Biology ◽

10.1071/pp9880557 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 15 (4) ◽

pp. 557 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

MJ Canny ◽

ME Mccully

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Organic Acids ◽

Organic Acid ◽

Aspartic Acid ◽

Xylem Sap ◽

Great Variability ◽

Reduced Pressure ◽

Transpiration Stream ◽

Maize Roots ◽

Total Amino Acids

Three methods of sampling xylem sap of maize roots were compared: sap bleeding from the stem cut just above the ground; sap bleeding from the cut tops of roots still undisturbed in the ground; and sap aspirated from excavated roots under reduced pressure. The bleeding saps were often unobtainable. When their composition was measured with time from cutting, the concentrations of the major solutes approximately doubled in 2 h. Aspirated sap was chosen as the most reliable sample of root xylem contents. Solute concentrations of the saps showed great variability between individual roots for all solutes, but on average the concentrations found (in �mol g-1 sap) were: total amino acids, 1.8; nitrate, 1.8; sugars (mainly sucrose), 5.4; total organic acids, 18.3. Individual amino acids also varied greatly between roots. Glutamine, aspartic acid and serine were generally most abundant. The principal organic acid found was malic, approximately 8 �mol g-1. From these analyses the ratios of carbon in the fractions (sugars : amino acids : organic acids) = (44 : 6 : 50). 14Carbon pulse fed to a leaf appeared in the root sap within 30 min, rose to a peak at 4-6 h, and declined slowly over a week. During all this time the neutral, cation and anion fractions were sensibly constant in the proportions 86 : 10 : 4. The 14C therefore did not move towards the equilibrium of 12C-compounds in the sap. It is argued that the results do not support a hypothesis of formation of amino carbon from recent assimilate and reduced nitrate in the roots and an export of this to the shoot in the transpiration stream.

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