scholarly journals Quantitative Analysis of Drag Reduction Methods for Blunt Shaped Automobiles

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 4313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ferenc Szodrai
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Drag Reduction ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Digital Publishing ◽  
Ground Vehicles ◽  
Research Papers ◽  
Ground Vehicle ◽  
Wind Tunnel Measurements ◽  
Reduction Methods

In fluid mechanics, drag related problems aim to reduce fuel consumption. This paper is intended to provide guidance for drag reduction applications on cars. The review covers papers from the beginning of 2000 to April 2020 related to drag reduction research for ground vehicles. Research papers were collected from the library of Science Direct, Web of Science, and Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI). Achieved drag reductions of each research paper was collected and evaluated. The assessed research papers attained their results by wind tunnel measurements or calculating validated numerical models. The study mainly focuses on hatchback and notchback shaped ground vehicle drag reduction methods, such as active and passive systems. Quantitative analysis was made for the drag reduction methods where relative and absolute drag changes were used for evaluations.

scholarly journals Bibliometric Analysis of the Literature on Measuring Techniques for Manipulating Financial Statements

Risks ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 123
Author(s):  
Ioana Lavinia Safta ◽  
Andrada-Ioana Sabău (Popa) ◽  
Neli Muntean
Keyword(s):  
Bibliometric Analysis ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Research Papers ◽  
Creative Accounting ◽  
Measuring Techniques ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Over Time

Creative accounting has its background since early studies in 1975, until the present time. It continues to be a subject of great interest for the companies and interested parties. Thus, the current paper will aim to answer the following proposed research questions: 1. Which are the most used methods for detecting the manipulation of financial statements in the literature? 2. Which are the terms that are most frequently encountered in the literature associated with “creative accounting? 3. Which are the journals that have the highest frequency of articles written on the topic “creative accounting”? 4. Over time, how did research evolve in the field of creative accounting? 5. Which countries are most preoccupied in publishing regarding this topic? To answer the research question 1, the models published in the literature for measuring manipulation techniques through creative accounting were reviewed and analyzed. For the remaining research questions, a bibliometric analysis for the publications in this area was performed. For collecting the sample, articles on this topic were selected from the international Web of Science database. Following this, a bibliometric analysis of the articles was performed, using the VOSviewer program. A total of 4045 publications on creative accounting were identified. Through the bibliometric analysis we have answered research question 2, by identifying the key words that have the closest proximity to creative accounting. To answer the remaining research questions, we identified the journals with the highest frequency of publication and the countries with the highest interest on the topic. It is especially important to evaluate the quality of this many research papers and to obtain valuable information.

A Perception-Based Fuzzy Route Planing Algorithm for Autonomous Unmanned Ground Vehicles

2018 ◽  
Vol 06 (04) ◽  
pp. 251-266
Author(s):  
Phillip J. Durst ◽  
Christopher T. Goodin ◽  
Cindy L. Bethel ◽  
Derek T. Anderson ◽  
Daniel W. Carruth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Path Planning ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Route Planning ◽  
Unmanned Ground Vehicles ◽  
Membership Functions ◽  
Ground Vehicles ◽  
Ground Vehicle ◽  
Sensor Error ◽  
Planning Algorithm ◽  
Error Costs

Path planning plays an integral role in mission planning for ground vehicle operations in urban areas. Determining the optimum path through an urban area is a well-understood problem for traditional ground vehicles; however, in the case of autonomous unmanned ground vehicles (UGVs), additional factors must be considered. For an autonomous UGV, perception algorithms rather than platform mobility will be the limiting factor in operational capabilities. For this study, perception was incorporated into the path planning process by associating sensor error costs with traveling through nodes within an urban road network. Three common perception sensors were used for this study: GPS, LIDAR, and IMU. Multiple set aggregation operators were used to blend the sensor error costs into a single cost, and the effects of choice of aggregation operator on the chosen path were observed. To provide a robust path planning ability, a fuzzy route planning algorithm was developed using membership functions and fuzzy rules to allow for qualitative route planning in the case of generalized UGV performance. The fuzzy membership functions were then applied to several paths through the urban area to determine what sensors were optimized in each path to provide a measure of the UGV’s performance capabilities. The research presented in this paper shows the impacts that sensing/perception has on ground vehicle route planning by demonstrating a fuzzy route planning algorithm constructed by using a robust rule set that quantifies these impacts.

Aerodynamic Drag Reduction Investigation for a Simplified Road Vehicle Using Plasma Flow Control

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bahram Khalighi ◽  
Joanna Ho ◽  
John Cooney ◽  
Brian Neiswander ◽  
Thomas C. Corke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drag Reduction ◽  
Flow Control ◽  
Plasma Flow ◽  
Aerodynamic Drag ◽  
Force Balance ◽  
Plasma Actuators ◽  
Ground Vehicles ◽  
Mean Velocity ◽  
Local Flow ◽  
Plasma Flow Control

The effect of plasma flow control on reducing aerodynamic drag for ground vehicles is investigated. The experiments were carried out for a simplified ground vehicle using single dielectric barrier discharge (SDBD) plasma actuators. The plasma actuators were designed to alter the flow structure in the wake region behind the vehicle. The Ahmed body was modified to allow eight different vehicle geometries (with backlight or slant angles of 0° and 35°). Each of these were further modified by rounding the edges with different radii. Flow visualizations such as particle streams and surface oil were used to quantify features of the local flow field. The drag on the models was measured using a force balance as well as by integrating the mean velocity profiles in the model wakes. The results indicated that flow modifications needed to be applied symmetrically (upper to lower and/or side to side). This was demonstrated with the 0° backlight angle (square-back) that had all four side-corners rounded. Plasma actuators were applied to all four of the rounded edges to enhance the ability to direct the flow into the wake. Wake measurements showed that steady actuation at a fixed actuator voltage reduced the drag by an average of 20% at the lower velocities (below 15 m/s) and by 3% at the highest velocity tested (20 m/s). Model constraints prevented increasing the plasma actuator voltage that was needed to maintain the higher drag reduction observed at the lower speeds.

Determinants of conflict in channel relationships: a meta-analytic review

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (7) ◽  
pp. 911-930 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dheeraj Sharma ◽  
Biswajita Parida
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Composite Model ◽  
Research Papers ◽  
Holistic View ◽  
Channel Conflict ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Channel Relationships ◽  
Analytic Review

Purpose The advent of the internet, digitization and e-commerce has changed the definition of business territory, re-invented direct selling, eradicated middle men and brought the customers and sellers closer. These changes in the business scenario must have had an impact on the intensity and nature of channel conflict which needs to be inspected to structure better channel relationship strategies in the changing context. This paper aims to attempt a systematic investigation into the determinants of channel conflict in today’s context and proposes a composite model by reconciling the research so far in the domain of channel relationships. Design/methodology/approach An exhaustive search was carried for extant research finding in the channels resulting in the identification of 284 research papers beyond the meta-analysis by Geyskens et al. (1999). The next step was to manually scan through each of these papers to identify the studies which involved quantitative analysis including measures of association such as correlations related to conflict and the determinants of conflict. This led to the finalization of 36 research papers for the meta-analysis. Findings This study proffers a model that illustrates ranking of major determinants of channel conflict. The results of the study suggest that determinants can be categorized into three major domains: organizational, interpersonal (communication, cooperation, relationship activities and opportunistic behaviour) and environmental factors (environmental volatility, competitive intensity and product or market volatility). Research limitations/implications The analysis is based on static data in the sense that the correlations do not reflect supplier-channel member interactions in specific conflict situations. It may be argued that conflicts ultimately occur among firms/businesses run by individuals and individual traits may also impact the formation and resolution of conflict. Further, the quality of the measures capturing the constructs was not investigated in many studies. Final limitation pertains to the measurement of conflict. Conflict may not have been measured in a uniform manner in each of the studies analysed. As this study has evaluated extant research through a meta-analysis, it was not possible to identify the correlations between the determinant variables and the three factors (or constructs). Practical implications This study reconciles different research streams in this domain with the visualization of the composite model. It presents a quantitative analysis of the correlations of the determinants of conflict with channel conflict holistically. It creates a base through the composite model to carry forward the academic discussion in this domain holistically. It aims to be a ready reference for understanding the antecedents of conflict along with their significant correlations to enable prioritization of their channel strategies. Social implications This meta-analysis and the suggested model that may be of use to practitioners in terms of prioritizing their activities to reduce channel conflicts through pre-emption. It is hoped that this study enhances the extant understanding of the determinants of channel conflict considerably based on the presented composite model. The results may assist to resolve channel conflicts, create channel synergies, identify optimal channel mix, reduce channel costs, increase channel efficiency and build partnerships in the changing business scenario. Originality/value A holistic view of the determinants of conflict would be of enormous use to practitioners and academics alike. Hence, a detailed study is required to enlist and categorize the determinants causing conflict in channels so that an attempt can be made to resolve channel conflict for better performance of the firms. This meta-analysis study is an attempt to fill this major gap in research in this domain to quantitatively analyse the major determinants of channel conflict on the basis of analysis of research work over the past 15 years.

scholarly journals AUTHORSHIP PATTERNS AND COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH OF ONCOLOGY RESEARCH OUTPUT IN INDIA: A SCIENTOMETRICS STUDY

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-128
Author(s):  
Senthilkumar R ◽  
Muthukrishnan M
Keyword(s):  
Collaborative Research ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Research Output ◽  
Paper Analysis ◽  
Research Papers ◽  
Authorship Pattern ◽  
Oncology Research ◽  
Low Profile ◽  
Single Authorship ◽  
The Mean

The paper analysis authorship patterns and collaborative research of oncology research in Indiaas reflected by the research papers listed in Web of Science database for a period of 11 years from 2005-2015. The increased trend towards multiple authorship is predominant as compare to single authorship in case ofoncology in India.In the study, the degree of collaboration was not a constant value, it reveals varies of 0.03 to 0.16 percent and the mean quality as 0.09. The analysis found that single author papers maintained a low profile among oncology research scientists and the multi authorship pattern is expanding slowly in Indian oncology research.

scholarly journals Scientometrics analysis of recent trends in Global Corona virus Research

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krishnamurthy M ◽  
Bhalachandra S Deshpande ◽  
Sajana C
Keyword(s):  
Web Of Science ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Research Papers ◽  
Medical Virology ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Virus Research ◽  
Recent Trends ◽  
Prolific Authors

Abstract Background: The worldwide pandemic COVID-19 has produced a wealth of research more rapidly after the outbreak. In just a couple of months, there is a rise in several studies on Coronavirus, adding up to the scholarly literature.Method: The current study attempts to Scientometric analyze very recent literature on Coronaviruses just before and after the outbreak. Besides, the objective of this exploration was to assess the global research progress on Coronavirus in recent times. The current research is an analytical descriptive study using Scientometrics. The study sample includes research papers about the Coronavirus indexed in Web of Science (WoS) database from January 1, 2019 to May 14, 2020. The records with topic search (includes Title, Abstract, Keywords and Keywords Plus) “coronavirus” were extracted. These data were analyzed by MS Excel and the visualizations were created using TableauResult: The results showed that 2551 scientific literature about the Coronavirus was indexed in WoS. A considerable number of these articles were published in journals such as the Journal of Medical Virology, Viruses, Nature, and Lancet. Authors from China, USA and Italy were the most prolific authors. About 47.51% articles received total of 11435 citations with an average of 9 citations, which indicates that nearly half articles were cited in another publication. The highest and lowest citations for these articles were 737 and 1, respectively.Conclusion: These results show a high rate of research on Coronavirus.

Effect of Rear Wing on Time-Averaged Ground Vehicle Wake With Variable Slant Angle

2021 ◽  
Vol 143 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Shehab Uddin ◽  
Fazlur Rashid
Keyword(s):  
Separation Bubble ◽  
Flow Property ◽  
Navier Stokes ◽  
Ground Vehicles ◽  
Slant Angle ◽  
Ground Vehicle ◽  
Rear Wing ◽  
Horseshoe Vortices ◽  
And Control ◽  
Ahmed Body

Abstract The slant angle plays a crucial role in the flow property of hatchback ground vehicles. An optimum slant angle is obligatory for better handling the ground vehicles when fitted with a rear wing. In this regard, the variation of time-averaged flow properties around a wing-attached hatchback ground vehicle (Ahmed body) due to a variable slant angle is accessed by this paper. The design includes a scaled Ahmed body as a reference ground vehicle and a rear wing with NACA 0018 profile. The computational studies are executed with Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes based k-epsilon turbulence model with nonequilibrium wall function. The vehicle's model is scaled to 75% of the actual model, and analyses are conducted with Reynolds number 2.7 × 106. After the study, it is observed that a 15 deg slant angle is the critical angle for the wing attached state in which the drag coefficient is maximum. After this angle, a sudden reduction of coefficients is observed, where 25 deg is critical for without wing condition. Besides this, the two counter-rotating horseshoe vortices in the separation bubble and side edge c-pillar vortices also behave differently due to the wing's presence. The turbulent kinetic energy variation and the variation in coefficients of surface pressure are also affected by the rear wing attachment. This paper will assist in finding the optimum slant angle for hatchback ground vehicles in the presence of a rear wing. Thus the study will help in increasing stability and control for hatchback ground vehicles.

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