scholarly journals Study, Development and Prototyping of a Novel Mild Hybrid Power Train for a City Car: Design of the Turbocharger

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 234
Author(s):  
Roberto Capata ◽  
Enrico Sciubba
Keyword(s):  
Energy Recovery ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Construction Costs ◽  
Power Train ◽  
The Road ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Braking Energy Recovery ◽  
Mild Hybrid ◽  
Commercial Equipment ◽  
Study Development

Within a large, state-funded, Italian National Project aimed to test the feasibility of an on-the-road prototype of a mild hybrid city vehicle, one of the tasks was to conceive, design and implement an innovative turbocharger that would allow for some energy recovery. The selected vehicle is propelled by a 3-cylinder, 998 cc turbocharged engine (the 66 kW Mitsubishi-Smart W451). The idea is to implement two types of energy recovery: one via the new turbocharger and one through a standard braking energy recovery (also known as KERS). The study of the former is the object of this paper. The proposed turbocharger configuration consists of mechanically separated, electrically coupled compressor and turbine, possibly mounting only slightly modified commercial equipment to reduce construction costs. This paper reports the results of the calculation of the behavior of the new turbocharging group across the entire engine operating range and describes the preliminary design of the unit. An accurate simulation of a mixed (urban and extra-urban) driving mission demonstrates that a net saving of about 5.6% can be attained by the installation of the novel turbocharger unit.

scholarly journals Global Trends in the Development of Battery-Powered Underground Mining Machines

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 178-189
Author(s):  
Łukasz Bołoz
Keyword(s):  
Energy Recovery ◽  
Underground Mining ◽  
Underground Mines ◽  
Work Culture ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Complete Replacement ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
The Road ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Braking Energy Recovery

Abstract The growing requirements and needs of users as well as a strong emphasis on pro-ecological solutions cause an increasing interest in battery-powered electric mining machines. Internal combustion machines consume oxygen, generate noise, fumes and heat, which affects work in underground mines, and minimizing these factors is expensive. Battery solutions allow achieving the same operational parameters of machines with significantly higher safety, comfort and work culture. The problem, however, is their range or working time. The article presents global trends in the development of battery-operated machines for underground mining. Various machines in battery-powered versions have been presented. The applied solutions have been discussed, especially in the field of battery replacement or recharging and braking energy recovery. Manufacturers around the world offer more and more battery-powered machines. Some producers are announcing complete replacement of combustion solutions with electric ones within the next few years. There are also hydrogen machines on the horizon, which will probably be the next step on the road to a zero-emission industry.

Roads

Site Reading ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 73-95
Author(s):  
David J. Alworth
Keyword(s):  
Social World ◽  
Jack Kerouac ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Social Actor ◽  
Tom Wolfe ◽  
Joan Didion ◽  
The Road ◽  
The Social ◽  
Road Narrative ◽  
On The Road

This chapter focuses Jack Kerouac and Joan Didion, arguing that the postwar American road narrative produces a sophisticated account of the nonhuman social actor through its treatment of the automobile, an entity that is both a material thing and a social site. In Kerouac's On the Road, a semiautobiographical account of his road trips in the late 1940s, the car plays no less potent a role in facilitating male bonding and in constituting the social world of the novel. To capture the distinctiveness of that world, the chapter contrasts it with the representation of two other automotive subcultures—the hot-rodders and the Merry Pranksters—in seminal works by Tom Wolfe that appeared in the wake of On the Road. Then, the chapter turns to the writing of Joan Didion, arguing that Play It as It Lays functions as a self-conscious response both to Kerouac's novel and to the mythology of road-tripping that it fostered.

scholarly journals The Real America: Representation of American Society in Jack Kerouac’s On the Road Based on Michel Foucault’s Notions of Institutions, Normalization, and Surveillance

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Iraj Soleymanjahan ◽  
Nasser Maleki ◽  
Hiwa Weisi
Keyword(s):  
Political Theory ◽  
Jack Kerouac ◽  
The Novel ◽  
American Government ◽  
The Real ◽  
The Road ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
On The Road ◽  
American Society ◽  
Fitting In

This study aimed to scrutinize and analyze the novel On the Road by Jack Kerouac in the light of the political theory of Michel Foucault. The focus, however, would be specifically on the concepts of normalization, institutions and surveillance put forward in his book Discipline and Punish (1995), coupled with some other works that wrestle with the close links of power, society, and institutions. This research seeked to describe the real America in the 1950s, a decade that witnessed both conformism and radicality, represented in the novel. The study pointed out that the novel was a depiction of the American society in the 1950s in which distinct, overlapping institutions did a great deal in restricting the freedom of individuals who seeked liberation and authenticity. The American government draws on the power of the law, police, prison, academia, family, and different other overlapping and satellite institutions, working hand in hand to create a matrix. The concept of matrix, therefore, highlights the nexus through which the normalization and conformity of the individuals are guaranteed, leading to the creation of perfect institutionalized men who are reduced to the level of simpletons. The whole novel becomes the story of some men who advocate abnormality as their credo to live a free life. Quite the contrary, they are transitioned into meek and docile bodies whose identity hinges on being like others in fitting in and following the norms through different dominant fragmenting institutions.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Female Characters in On the Road

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuting Liang
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Beat Generation ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Female Characters ◽  
The Road ◽  
Male Characters ◽  
The Bible ◽  
On The Road

On the Road is the masterpiece of Kerouac who is one of the most important writers of “Beat Generation” in America in the mid-20th century. It is acclaimed to be the Bible of “Beat Generation”. The novel narrates the stories of how Dean and his friends——some representative characters of the Beats travelled across continental U.S. several times and searched for new lifestyles and new faith on the road. In this novel, male characters are the main characters and the descriptions of all the female characters account for just one sixth of the whole book. Although the portrayal of the female characters is not profound like that of the male characters, the different personalities Kerouac endued the female characters are also the highlights of the novel. As a novel with strong nature of autobiography, Kerouac put his attitude and emotion into his portrayal. So it also can be a reflection of Kerouac’s female concepts. This paper aims at analyzing the female characters in On the Road by studying the types of the female characters in the novel and summarizing Kerouac’s female concepts reflected from the novel.

‘All the world’s a [post-apocalyptic] stage’

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Charles Conaway
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Pandemic ◽  
Modern Technology ◽  
Star Trek ◽  
The Novel ◽  
The Road ◽  
On The Road

Emily St. John Mandel’s 2014 novel, Station Eleven, follows the Traveling Symphony, a small troupe of actors and musicians who perform concerts and stage Shakespeare’s plays in the scattered communities of survivors of an influenza pandemic. Tattooed on the arm of Kirsten Raymonde, an actress in the troupe, are the words ‘Because survival is insufficient’, a phrase borrowed from Star Trek: Voyager, indicating that the works of Shakespeare and Beethoven can enrich the lives of the survivors of the pandemic. But even if survival in this post-apocalyptic landscape is considered insufficient, it cannot be taken for granted. In a world without electricity and modern technology, encounters with strangers on the road occasionally turn confrontational, even deadly. The novel thus dramatises a constant struggle that complicates the idea that survival is insufficient, and ceaselessly probes the notion that Beethoven and Shakespeare can enrich our lives in post-apocalyptic times.

Experimental Study on the Weathered Red Sandstone Soil Road Performance Stabilized with EN-1 Soil Stabilizer

2011 ◽  
Vol 255-260 ◽  
pp. 3190-3194
Author(s):  
Jun Shuai Huo ◽  
Yi Jun Geng ◽  
Zhi Qiang Yu
Keyword(s):  
Local Environment ◽  
Engineering Properties ◽  
Water Stability ◽  
Construction Costs ◽  
Red Sandstone ◽  
The Road ◽  
Soil Stabilizer ◽  
Performance Indexes ◽  
Road Performance ◽  
On The Road

Weathered red sandstone soil has weak water stability, unsatisfactory mechanical and poor engineering properties, which limits its utilization. When the proposing expressway through the soil, a large number of abandoned would be generated, which would burden construction costs and bring about many adverse effects to the local environment. To turn waste into treasure, the improving experiment with EN-1 soil stabilizer was conducted. Through the unconfined compressive strength test, the optimal mixing ratio of EN-1 soil stabilizer was identified as 0.014%. Series of tests on the road performance indexes were carried out under the condition of the optimal ratio of EN-1. The test results showed that 28d strength of the improved soil achieved 2.98MPa, 7d water stability coefficient achieved 0.75, the improved soil possessed good engineering properties, which can meet the requirements of expressway pavement materials.

scholarly journals Research on Regenerative Braking of Pure Electric Mining Dump Truck

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Jue Yang ◽  
Wenming Zhang ◽  
Fei Ma
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Economic Performance ◽  
Energy Recovery ◽  
Regenerative Braking ◽  
Dump Truck ◽  
Drive Cycle ◽  
The Road ◽  
Braking Force ◽  
Mining Dump Truck ◽  
Braking Energy Recovery

When the pure electric mining dump truck is working, it mainly ascends the slope at full load and descends the slope at no load. The loading state of the vehicle and the slope of the road will directly affect its axle load distribution and braking force distribution. In this paper, the slope dynamics analysis of the pure electric double-axle four-wheel drive mining dump truck was carried out. Based on the regenerative braking priority strategy, four regenerative braking control methods were developed based on the Matlab/Simulink platform and ADVISOR 2002 vehicle simulation software to study the ability of regenerative braking energy recovery and its impact on vehicle economic performance. The simulation results show that the regenerative braking priority control strategy used can maximize the regenerative braking force of the vehicle; the regenerative energy recovery capability of pure electric mining dump truck is proportional to the regenerative braking force that can be provided during braking; the two-axis braking strategy based on the I curve and the β line can make full use of the front and rear axle regenerative braking force when the braking intensity is large, and recover more braking energy; under road drive cycle, the single-axis braking force required to the braking strategy based on the maximized front axle braking force is the largest among all strategies, the motor braking efficiency is the highest, and the recovered braking energy is the most. For the studied drive cycle, the regenerative braking technology can reduce the vehicle energy consumption by 1.06%–1.56%. If appropriate measures are taken to improve the road surface condition and reduce the rolling resistance coefficient from f = 0.04 to f = 0.02, the regenerative braking technology can further reduce the vehicle energy consumption to 4.76%–5.73%. The economic performance of the vehicle is improved compared to no regenerative braking. In addition, the vehicle loading state and the driving motor working efficiency also directly affect the regenerative braking energy recovery capability of the pure electric mining truck.

scholarly journals “[A]n Exterior Air of Pilgrimage”: The Resilience of Pilgrimage Ecopoetics and Slow Travel from Chaucer’s The Canterbury Tales to Jack Kerouac’s On the Road

Humanities ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 117
Author(s):  
Susan Signe Morrison
Keyword(s):  
Geoffrey Chaucer ◽  
Spiritual Development ◽  
Canterbury Tales ◽  
Jack Kerouac ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
The Road ◽  
Travel Diary ◽  
On The Road ◽  
The Canterbury Tales

While the Beats can be seen as critical actors in the environmental humanities, their works should be seen over the longue durée. They are not only an origin, but are also recipients, of an environmentally aware tradition. With Geoffrey Chaucer and Jack Kerouac, we see how a contemporary American icon functions as a text parallel to something generally seen as discrete and past, an instance of the modern embracing, interpreting, and appropriating the medieval. I argue that The Canterbury Tales by Chaucer influenced Kerouac’s shaping of On the Road. In the unpublished autograph manuscript travel diary dating from 1948–1949 (On the Road notebook), Kerouac imagines the novel as a quest tale, thinking of pilgrimage during its gestation. Further, Kerouac explicitly cites Chaucer. His novel can be seen not only in the tradition of Chaucer, but can bring out aspects of pilgrimage ecopoetics in general. These connections include structural elements, the spiritual development of the narrator, reliance on vernacular dialect, acute environmental awareness, and slow travel. Chaucer’s influence on Kerouac highlights how certain elements characteristic of pilgrimage literature persist well into the modern period, in a resilience of form, language, and ecological sensibility.

scholarly journals Impact of the road conditions on the amount of braking energy

2017 ◽  
Vol 171 (4) ◽  
pp. 265-268
Author(s):  
Tomasz SZCZEPAŃSKI ◽  
Anna SKARBEK-ŻABKIN ◽  
Paweł DZIEDZIAK
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Monte Carlo Method ◽  
Energy Recovery ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Urban Agglomeration ◽  
The Road ◽  
Energy Recuperation ◽  
The Monte Carlo Method ◽  
Design Solutions ◽  
Braking Energy Recovery

The issue of energy recuperation is increasingly found in modern cars (both electric and hybrid, as well as powered by a combustion engine only). Road conditions are one of the essential factors determining the appropriateness of using certain design solutions in braking energy recovery systems. This article presents an analysis of road conditions prevailing in a large urban agglomeration together with an evaluation of their usefulness for utilizing the braking energy. Road tests were carried out for this purpose, and their analysis used the Monte Carlo method to determine the pseudo-accidental courses.

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