scholarly journals Mesenchymal Stem Cells: The Secret Children’s Weapons against the SARS-CoV-2 Lethal Infection

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1696
Author(s):  
Mario Giosuè Balzanelli ◽  
Pietro Distratis ◽  
Orazio Catucci ◽  
Angelo Cefalo ◽  
Rita Lazzaro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infections ◽  
Unusual Event ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Infections ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Due to the promising effects of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in the treatment of various diseases, this commentary aimed to focus on the auxiliary role of MSCs to reduce inflammatory processes of acute respiratory infections caused by the 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19). Since early in 2020, COVID-19, a consequence of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has rapidly affected millions of people world-wide. The SARS-CoV-2 infection in children appears to be an unusual event. Despite the high number of affected adult and elderly, children and adolescents remained low in amounts, and marginally touched. Based on the promising role of cell therapy and regenerative medicine approaches in the treatment of several life-threatening diseases, it seems that applying MSCs cell-based approaches can also be a hopeful strategy for improving subjects with severe acute respiratory infections caused by COVID-19.

Anti-inflammatory Effects of Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Their Secretomes in Pneumonia

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamal Hezam ◽  
Rigen Mo ◽  
Chen Wang ◽  
Yue Liu ◽  
Zongjin Li
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Multipotent Progenitor Cells ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
The Cost ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Potential Therapeutics

: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent progenitor cells that play crucial roles in the microenvironment of injured tissues. The potential therapeutics of MSCs have attracted extensive attention for several diseases such as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia. MSC-extracellular vesicles have been isolated from MSC-conditioned media (MSC-CM) with similar functional effects as parent MSCs. The therapeutic role of MSCs can be achieved through the balance between the inflammatory and regenerative microenvironments. Clinical settings of MSCs and their extracellular vesicles remain promising for many diseases, such as ARDS and pneumonia. However, their clinical applications remain limited due to the cost of growing and storage facilities of MSCs with a lack of standardized MSC-CM. This review highlights the proposed role of MSCs in pulmonary diseases and discusses the recent advances of MSC application for pneumonia and other lung disorders.

scholarly journals Update on COVID-19 Infections and the Promising Role of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapies in their Management

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
KA Al-Anazi ◽  
WK Al-Anazi ◽  
AM Al-Jasser
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
World Health ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Cell Therapies ◽  
Therapeutic Modalities ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Secretory Products

The pandemic of COVID-19 has adversely affected almost every aspect of our lives but the world health and economic sectors suffer most of the repercussions of this disease. The search for a cure for this rapidly spreading virus which is causing massive life losses around the globe requires clear understanding of the immunopathogenesis of this virus as well as the mechanisms of actions of the various therapeutic modalities that are employed in the treatment of this life-threatening viral infection. Mesenchymal stem cells have antimicrobials effects in addition to their anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties. They have been utilized in the treatment of various infections and their complications both in animal models and in human clinical trials. Mesenchymal stem cells derived from certain sources and their secretory products are particularly effective in the treatment of pneumonia, sepsis, acute lung injury, and acute respiratory distress syndrome which are common complications of COVID-19 infections. The review will discuss the various aspects of COVID-19 and it will highlight the promising role of mesenchymal stem cells in treating the complications of COVID-19 infections.

scholarly journals Rationale for the Use of Radiation-Activated Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel Tovar Martín ◽  
Rosa Guerrero ◽  
Jesús Joaquín Lopez-Peñalver ◽  
José Expósito ◽  
José Mariano Ruiz de Almodóvar
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Cells ◽  
Human Umbilical Cord ◽  
Annexin A1 ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy ◽  
Acute Distress ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Life Threatening

Previously we have shown that the combination of radiotherapy with human-umbilical-cord-derived mesenchymal stem-cell therapy significantly reduces the size of the xenotumours in mice, both in the directly irradiated tumour and in the distant non-irradiated tumour or in its metastasis. We have also shown that exosomes secreted from mesenchymal stem-cells pre-irradiated with 2 Gy are quantitatively, functionally and qualitatively different from the exosomes secreted from non-irradiated mesenchymal cells and also that proteins, exosomes and microvesicles secreted by mesenchymal cells suffer a dramatic change when cells are activated or non-activated, with the amount of protein present in the exosomes of the pre-irradiated cells being 1.5-fold times greater compared to those from non-irradiated cells. This finding correlates with a dramatic increase in the anti-tumour activity of the exosomes secreted by pre-irradiated mesenchymal-cells. After the proteomic analysis of the load of the exosomes released from both irradiated and non-irradiated cells, we conclude that annexin A1 is the most important and significant difference between the exosomes released by the cells in either status. Knowing the role of annexin A1 in the control of hypoxia and inflammation which is characteristic of acute-distress-respiratory syndrome, we have designed a hypothetical therapeutic strategy, based on the transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells stimulated with radiation, to alleviate the symptoms of patients who, due to pneumonia caused by COVID-19, require the care of an intensive care unit for patients with life-threatening conditions. With this hypothesis, we would seek to improve the patients’ respiratory capacity and increase the expectations of their cure.

PERAN IBU DALAM PENINGKATAN SISTEM IMUN ANAK DENGAN INFEKSI SALURAN PERNAFASAN AKUT

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-86
Author(s):  
Cindy Ayustin Noya ◽  
Angkit Kinasih ◽  
Venti Agustina ◽  
R.Rr Maria Dyah Kurniasari
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infection ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infections ◽  
Clean Environment ◽  
History Of ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive

Infeksi saluran pernafasan akut atau yang sering disebut ISPA merupakan infeksi pada saluran pernafasan baik saluran pernafasan atas atau bawah.ISPA juga kebanyakan terjadi pada anak balita karena daya tahan tubuh mereka tidak kuat dalam menghadapi penyakit ISPA. ISPA mengakibatkan kematiansekitar15%-20% per tahun pada usia balita di Negara berkembang. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan menganalisa peran ibu dalam meningkatkan sistem imun anak dengan ISPA.Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif deskriptif dengan sampel purposive sampling.Populasi dan sampel penelitian ini adalah ibu yang mempunyai anak dengan riwayat dan saat ini menderita penyakit ISPA di Batu Gajah Kota Ambon.Partisipan dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 5 orang. Hasil dari penelitian mendapati 4 kategori yaitu pemberian nutrisi pada anak untuk memenuhi kebutuhan agar sistem imunnya terjaga, kebersihan lingkungan, peran ibu dalam melakukan pencegahan pada anaknya yang mengalami ISPA, dan  peran ibu dalam menjaga dan mempertahankan kesehatan anaknya.   Kata kunci: peran ibu, sistem imun, ispa THE ROLE OF MOTHERS IN INCREASING IMMUNE SYSTEM OF CHILDREN WITH ACUTE RESPIRATORY INFECTION    ABSTRACT Acute respiratory infections or often called ARI is an infection of the upper or lower respiratory tract. ARI occurs mostly in children under the age of five because their endurance is not strong in dealing with ARI. ARI results in deaths of around 15%-20% per year at the age of under-five in developing countries. The purpose of this study was to determine and analyze the role of mothers in improving the immune system of children against ARI. The research method used in this study was qualitative descriptive with a purposive sampling sample. Respondents and samples of this study were five mothers who had children with a history of ARI and currently suffering from the disease in Batu Gajah, Ambon City. The results of the study found 4 categories, namely providing nutrition to children to meet their needs so that their immune systems are maintained, clean environment, mother's role in preventing children with ARI, and mother's role to preserve and maintain the health of their children. The findings indicated that in terms of coping or improving the immune system of a child to avoid ARI, it is necessary to have role the of mothers in providing nutrition so that the immune system is boosted, besides that the mother can prevent and protect her child from various diseases, especially ARI. Keywords: role of mothers, immune system, acute respiratory infections

SARS-COV2 virus and Coronavirus disease (COVID-19)

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
pp. 977-982
Author(s):  
Mohamed J. Saadh ◽  
Bashar Haj Rashid M ◽  
Roa’a Matar ◽  
Sajeda Riyad Aldibs ◽  
Hala Sbaih ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Close Contact ◽  
Antiviral Agents ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Fatal Disease ◽  
Mild Disease ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

SARS-COV2 virus causes Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and represents the causative agent of a potentially fatal disease that is of great global public health concern. The novel coronavirus (2019) was discovered in 2019 in Wuhan, the market of the wet animal, China with viral pneumonia cases and is life-threatening. Today, WHO announces COVID-19 outbreak as a pandemic. COVID-19 is likely to be zoonotic. It is transmitted from bats as intermediary animals to human. Also, the virus is transmitted from human to human who is in close contact with others. The computerized tomographic chest scan is usually abnormal even in those with no symptoms or mild disease. Treatment is nearly supportive; the role of antiviral agents is yet to be established. The SARS-COV2 virus spreads faster than its two ancestors, the SARS-CoV and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), but has lower fatality. In this article, we aimed to summarize the transmission, symptoms, pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment, and vaccine to control the spread of this fatal disease.

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