scholarly journals Electrifying with High-Temperature Water Electrolysis to Produce Syngas from Wood via Oxy-Gasification, Leading to Superior Carbon Conversion Yield for Methanol Synthesis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 2672
Author(s):  
Sylvain Larose ◽  
Raynald Labrecque ◽  
Patrice Mangin
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Area ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Dual Function ◽  
Heat Output ◽  
Carbon Conversion ◽  
Forest Residues ◽  
Conversion Yield ◽  
Syngas Production ◽  
Wgs Reaction

Due to concerns regarding fossil greenhouse gas emissions, biogenic material such as forest residues is viewed nowadays as a valuable source of carbon atoms to produce syngas that can be used to synthesise biofuels such as methanol. A great challenge in using gasified biomass for methanol production is the large excess of carbon in the syngas, as compared to the H2 content. The water–gas shift (WGS) reaction is often used to add H2 and balance the syngas. CO2 is also produced by this reaction. Some of the CO2 has to be removed from the gaseous mixture, thus decreasing the process carbon yield and maintaining CO2 emissions. The WGS reaction also decreases the overall process heat output. This paper demonstrates the usefulness of using an extra source of renewable H2 from steam electrolysis instead of relying on the WGS reaction, for a much higher performance of syngas production from gasification of wood in a simple system with a fixed-bed gasifier. A commercial process simulation software is employed to predict that this approach will be more efficient (overall energy efficiency of about 67%) and productive (carbon conversion yield of about 75%) than relying on the WGS reaction. The outlook for this process that includes the use of the solid oxide electrolyser technology appears to be very promising because the electrolyser has the dual function of providing all of the supplemental H2 required for syngas balancing and all the O2 required for the production of a suitable hot raw syngas. This process is conducive to biomethanol production in dispersed, small plants using local biomass for end-users from the same geographical area, thus contributing to regional sustainability.

Pyrolysis and CO2 Gasification of Composite Polymer Absorbent Waste for Syngas Production

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. G. Burra ◽  
P. Singh ◽  
N. Déparrois ◽  
A. K. Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Energy Production ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Composite Polymer ◽  
Co2 Gasification ◽  
Compositional Evolution ◽  
Absorbent Material ◽  
Syngas Production ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Development of alternative carbonaceous sources for energy production is essential to alleviate the dependence on depleting fossil fuels which led to increasing atmospheric CO2 and thus global warming. While biomass utilization for energy and chemical production has been extensively studied in the literature, such studies on municipal solid wastes is difficult to interpret due to the heterogeneous nature of the waste. Understanding of the influence of individual components is necessary for comprehensive development of waste-to-energy pathway. One such waste that is complicated and has often been ignored in the literature is composite polymer absorbent material waste which can also be considered as a potential feedstock for thermochemical pathway of energy production. Composite polymer absorbent materials are ubiquitously used these days in the form of sanitary napkins, diapers, water blockers, fire blockers and surgical pads due to their high water-absorptive nature. Pyrolysis and CO2 gasification is ideal for such materials due to its versatile feedstock intake and uniform product output in the form of syngas with adjustable composition. CO2 gasification also provides the added benefit of CO2 utilization which provides carbon offset to this process. In the present study, a mixture of cellulose, absorbent material (sodium polyacrylate), polypropylene and polystyrene in a fixed proportion, to model approximate composition of a diaper, was examined for its pyrolysis and CO2 gasification capability for viable syngas production. The influence of individual components into the syngas yield from the composite waste gasification was also investigated. A fixed-bed, semi-batch reactor facility along with gas chromatography was employed to analyse the syngas yield and compositional evolution. Pyrolysis was done under nitrogen atmosphere and gasification was done under CO2 atmosphere. CO2 gasification provided net CO2 consumption which means a net reduction in carbon emissions per joule of energy produced. The sample was tested under four isothermal conditions of 973, 1073, and 1173 K to understand the impact of operational conditions on the syngas yield. Influence of individual component of the composite absorbent waste on the syngas yield and composition was also analyzed by comparing these syngas characteristics with that of the yield from gasification of its individual components separately at 1173 K. These investigations provided us with novel results on the behavior and capabilities of these composite polymer absorbent wastes and which opens up a new avenue towards efficient utilization of solid waste resources for sustainable energy production in the form of syngas which can also be used for various chemicals production such as methanol, gasoline and other petrochemical products.

Effect of atmosphere and temperature on syngas production during gasification of Zhundong lignite and water-washed Zhundong lignite in a fixed-bed reactor

2019 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 555-569
Author(s):  
Xiuqi Shu ◽  
Jianbo Li ◽  
Jian Hao ◽  
Zhuo Liu ◽  
Quanhai Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Syngas Production

Simulation Studies of Steam Reforming of Methane using Ni-Al2O3 Catalysts

2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Giane Gonçalves Lenzi ◽  
Ervin Kaminski Lenzi ◽  
Cláudio Vilas Boas Fávero ◽  
Marcelo Kaminski Lenzi ◽  
Regina Maria Matos Jorge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sol Gel ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Co2 Production ◽  
Simulation Studies ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Wgs Reaction ◽  
Different Characteristics ◽  
Water Gas ◽  
Al2o3 Catalyst

This paper reports the results of reforming methane into synthesis gas using industrial Ni-Al2O3 catalyst (75% NiO wt.) and Ni-Al2O3 produced by the sol gel method (8% Ni wt.). A mathematical investigation on the performance of a one-dimensional model of catalytic conventional fixed-bed reactor was developed and implemented for the process. The results indicated that the industrial catalyst favored the water gas shift (WGS) reaction increasing CO2 production. However in temperatures of 773 and 973 K the yield (H2/CH4,reacted) was more efficient for the sol-gel catalyst. This result is possibly due to the different characteristics as specific surface area and temperature reduction. The model validation for the adjustment parameters U and a1 was more efficient for temperature profiles (2% error) than for mole fraction (10% error).

Synthesis of CeO2 Supported BaCoO3 Perovskites for Chemical-Looping Methane Reforming to Syngas and Hydrogen

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haoran Ding ◽  
Yongqing Xu ◽  
Linyi Xiang ◽  
Qiyao Wang ◽  
Cheng Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Methane Reforming ◽  
Chemical Looping ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Syngas Production ◽  
Fuel Reactor

In order to reduce the hotspots in partial oxidation of methane, CeO2 supported BaCoO3 perogvskite-type oxides were synthesized using a sol-gel method and applied in chemical-looping steam methane reforming (CL-SMR). The synthesized BaCoO3-CeO2 was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). XRD and XPS results suggested that the obtained BaCoO3 was pure crystalline perovskite, its crystalline structure and lattice oxygen could regenerate after calcining. The reactivity of perovskite-type oxides in CL-SMR was evaluated using a fixed-bed reactor. Gas production rates and H2/CO ratios showed that the optimal reaction temperature was about 860 °C and the properly reaction time in fuel reactor was about 180s when Weight Hourly Space Velocity (WHSV) was 23.57 h−1. The syngas production in fuel reactor were 265.11 ml/g, hydrogen production in reforming reactor were 82.53 ml/g. (CSPE)

Effect of Steam on Syngas Production in New-Designed Dual-Bed Gasifier

2012 ◽  
Vol 622-623 ◽  
pp. 1125-1129
Author(s):  
Sukrit Pakavechkul ◽  
Prapan Kuchonthara ◽  
Suchada Butnark
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Fuel Production ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Synthetic Fuel ◽  
Syngas Production ◽  
Gasification Process ◽  
Product Gas ◽  
Water Gas ◽  
Fluidized Bed Combustor ◽  
Dual Bed

In this research, the effect of steam on synthetic fuel production from sawdust in new-designed dual-bed gasification was studied. The dual-bed gasification reactor composed of bubbling/fast fluidized bed combustor and fixed bed gasifier (pyrolysis included) was designed to produce syngas (CO + H2 + CO2 and CH4). The results showed that syngas produced by the dual-bed gasifier with higher steam/carbon ratio also had higher H2 content. In theory, the various reactions expected to occur in the gasification process were boudouard, water-gas and water-gas shift, methanation and steam reforming. Since the operating temperature was only 500-600°C that the steam reformation of methane was desperately to occur due to its endothermic, then CH4 formation still were found. Producer gas from the new gasifier had relatively high quality in terms of heating value per a unit volume compared to other conventional gasifiers. This can be used directly as good gaseous fuel. However, the product gas was not likely served as precursor in chemical industries due to its still low H2/CO ratio and high CH4 concentration.

scholarly journals A Comprehensive Literature Review of Thermochemical Conversion of Biomass for Syngas Production and Associated Challenge

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 495-512
Author(s):  
Ghulamullah Maitlo ◽  
Rasool Bux Mahar ◽  
Zulfiqar Ali Bhatti ◽  
Imran Nazir
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Biomass Gasification ◽  
Gaseous Product ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Thermochemical Conversion ◽  
Producer Gas ◽  
Syngas Production ◽  
Gasification Process

The interest in the thermochemical conversion of biomass for producer gas production since last decade has increased because of the growing attention to the application of sustainable energy resources. Application of biomass resources is a valid alternative to fossil fuels as it is a renewable energy source. The valuable gaseous product obtained through thermochemical conversion of organic material is syngas, whereas the solid product obtained is char. This review deals with the state of the art of biomass gasification technologies and the quality of syngas gathered through the application of different gasifiers along with the effect of different operating parameters on the quality of producer gas. Main steps in gasification process including drying, oxidation, pyrolysis and reduction effects on syngas production and quality are presented in this review. An overview of various types of gasifiers used in lignocellulosic biomass gasification processes, fixed bed and fluidized bed and entrained flow gasifiers are discussed. The effects of various process parameters such as particle size, steam and biomass ratio, equivalence ratio, effects of temperature, pressure and gasifying agents are discussed. Depending on the priorities of several researchers, the optimum value of different anticipated productivities in the gasification process comprising better quality syngas production improved lower heating value, higher syngas production, improved cold gas efficiency, carbon conversion efficiency, production of char and tar have been reviewed.

scholarly journals LaFe1-xNix as a Robust Catalytic Oxygen Carrier for Chemical Looping Conversion of Toluene

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 391
Author(s):  
Haiming Gu ◽  
Juan Yang ◽  
Guohui Song ◽  
Xiaobo Cui ◽  
Miaomiao Niu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Carrier ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Chemical Looping ◽  
Oxygen Carriers ◽  
Carbon Gasification ◽  
Syngas Production ◽  
Toluene Conversion ◽  
Substituted Ferrite ◽  
Tar Model Compound ◽  
H2 Yield

Chemical looping biomass gasification is a novel technology converting biomass into syngas, and the selection of oxygen carrier is key for efficient tar conversion. The performance of LaFe1-xNix as a robust catalytic oxygen carrier was investigated in the chemical looping conversion of toluene (tar model compound) into syngas in a fixed bed. LaM (M = Fe, Ni, Mn, Co, and Cu) was initially compared to evaluate the effect of transition metal on toluene conversion. LaFe (partial oxidation) and LaNi (catalytic pyrolysis) exhibited better performance in promoting syngas production than other oxygen carriers. Therefore, Ni-substituted ferrite LaFe1-xNix (x = 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 and 1) was further developed. The effects of Ni-substitution, steam/carbon ratio (S/C), and temperature on toluene conversion into C1 and H2 were evaluated. Results showed that the synergistic effect of Fe and Ni promoted toluene conversion, improving H2 yield yet with serious carbon deposition. Steam addition promoted toluene steam reforming and carbon gasification. With S/C increasing from 0.8 to 2.0, the C1 and H2 yield increased from 73.9% to 97.5% and from 197.7% to 269.6%, respectively. The elevated temperature favored toluene conversion and C1 yield. LaFe0.6Ni0.4 exhibited strong reactivity stability during toluene conversion at S/C = 1.6 and 900 °C.

Syngas Production by Dry Methane Reforming over Mg Doped NiO-ZrO2 Catalysts

2021 ◽  
Vol 1016 ◽  
pp. 1585-1590
Author(s):  
Ye Wang ◽  
Yan Nan Wang ◽  
Patrick da Costa ◽  
Chang Wei Hu
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Tax ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Dry Reforming ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Dry Reforming Of Methane ◽  
Methane Reforming ◽  
Syngas Production ◽  
Micro Reactor ◽  
Mg Doped

In producing syngas, which offers environmental benefits, dry reforming of methane (DRM) could promote the installation of the future carbon tax. This reaction has been already extensively studied and nowadays, no stable catalysts are enough efficient to scale up the process to its industrialization. It has been suggested that basic sites can affect the performance of catalyst. It is known that magnesium promotes the performance of catalyst. In order to understand the effect of Mg for dry reforming of methane, NiO-MgO-ZrO2 catalysts were studied. The activity was carried out at 700 °C in a fixed-bed micro-reactor under CH4:CO2:Ar=1:1:8. It was shown that the introduction of Mg led to an unexpected decrease in the activity when compared to non-promoted catalyst. It was also shown that the surface area, pore-volume, pore diameter, and weak basicity decreased when the Mg was introduced into NiO-ZrO2 catalyst. All these properties can cause a decrease in the activity, selectivity, and stability of NiO-MgO-ZrO2 catalyst for DRM.

Syngas Production from Microwave Gasification of Oil Palm Biochars

2014 ◽  
Vol 695 ◽  
pp. 247-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norasyikin Ismail ◽  
Farid Nasir Ani
Keyword(s):  
Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Carbon Conversion ◽  
Carbonaceous Materials ◽  
Test Rig ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Syngas Production ◽  
Oil Palm Shell ◽  
Gas Heating ◽  
Gas Volume

Gasification is a reaction process between solid or liquid carbonaceous materials with some gasifying agent to produce gaseous fuel. In this study, a microwave gasification test rig is designed to produce syngas from oil palm biochars. Carbon dioxide is used as the gasifying agent. Oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) and oil palm shell (OPS) biochars are used as the carbonaceous materials. The effects of CO2 flow rates on the type of biochars to the syngas produced are investigated. The optimum CO2 flow rate for EFB biochar gasification is 3 lpm where the gas compositions are 0.52% CH4, 50.52% CO2, 26.1% CO, and 22.86% H2. For OPS biochar, the optimum CO2 flowrate is 2 lpm that produce 6.92% CH4, 57.19% CO2, 10.98% CO, and 24.92% H2. For EFB biochar gasification, the specific volume of gas yield is from 1.22 to 1.51 m3/kg while for OPS biochar yields higher specific gas volume, ranging from 2.62 to 7.88 m3/kg. The highest carbon conversion efficiency and gas heating value for EFB biochar is 75.07% and 12.84 MJ/kg at 3 lpm respectively and 66.83%, 13.03 MJ/kg at 2 lpm for OPS biochar respectively . This concludes that EFB biochar produced higher quality syngas than OPS biochar because of the higher volume of CO and H2 content in the syngas produced at the higher carbon conversion efficiency with specific gas volume of 1.22 m3/kg.

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