scholarly journals Identification of Fungal Community Associated with Deterioration of Optical Observation Instruments of Museums in Northern Vietnam

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 5351
Author(s):  
Cao Cuong Ngo ◽  
Quang Huy Nguyen ◽  
Thu Hoai Nguyen ◽  
Ngoc Tung Quach ◽  
Pravin Dudhagara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Community ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Light Transmission ◽  
Its Sequencing ◽  
Maximum Likelihood Analysis ◽  
Organic Acid Production ◽  
Likelihood Analysis ◽  
Observation Instruments ◽  
Biological Aspects ◽  
First Time

Fungi are the most harmful microorganisms responsible for the deterioration of nonmetallic materials such as glass, polymers, and composites. To date, biological aspects of glass deterioration have been poorly investigated. The present study aimed to evaluate the diversity of the fungal community colonizing eyepieces of binoculars collected from museums of the northern provinces of Vietnam and the biodeterioration effects on accurate glass reproductions. A total of 40 isolates belonging to 14 genera were identified based on internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequencing, morphological features, and maximum likelihood analysis. The most abundant fungal genera included Aspergillus (43.8%) and Penicillium (31.3%). Among those detected, Byssochlamys, Curvularia, Phomopsis, Coprinellus, Perenniporia, Talaromyces, Pithomyces, Neopestalotiopsis, Trichoderma, Pleospora, and Humicola were found for the first time. Of the 40 strains tested, 8 strains showed great organic acid production, and the extent of mycelium covered from 33.6 to 46.24%. Specifically, the highest extracellular polymeric substance production was observed in Byssochlamys spectabilis BXMA1-2 (14.96 g/L), Aspergillus niger BXMA5-2 (12.17 g/L), and Aspergillus ochraceopetaliformis BMLC1-2 (9.89 g/L). Glass biodeterioration experiments revealed that the light transmission through the fungal-treated glasses was decreased by 30–42.2% as compared to the nontreated glass. In addition, the main alterations resulted from hyphal fingerprints and spots, leading to apparent damage and biocorrosion.

A contribution towards the systematics of Magneuptychia Forster, 1964: Caeruleuptychia francisca (Butler, 1870), n. comb. (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae)

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Shinichi Nakahara ◽  
Kaylin Kleckner ◽  
Gerardo Lamas ◽  
Blanca Huertas ◽  
Keith R. Willmott
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Likelihood ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Maximum Likelihood Analysis ◽  
Maximum Likelihood Tree ◽  
Likelihood Analysis ◽  
First Time

We here transfer an euptychiine taxon hitherto placed in the polyphyletic genus Magneuptychia Forster, 1964, to Caeruleuptychia Forster, 1964. Caeruleuptychia francisca (Butler, 1870), n. comb. is reclassified based on a morphology-based maximum likelihood analysis, which is consistent with ongoing analyses of molecular data. Two putative synapomorphic characters are identified for the “Caeruleuptychia umbrosa clade”, one of which appears to be an unusual characteristic of euptychiine butterflies and is tested by optimizing onto the maximum likelihood tree. We also discuss the systematic placement of three additional enigmatic Caeruleuptychia species. A lectotype is designated for Euptychia francisca, and the genitalia of this species are illustrated here for the first time.

Leucoagaricus brunneus sp. nov. from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

Mycotaxon ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 134 (4) ◽  
pp. 601-611
Author(s):  
Zia Ullah ◽  
Sana Jabeen ◽  
Muhammad Faisal ◽  
Habib Ahmad ◽  
Abdul Nasir Khalid
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Maximum Likelihood ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Field Survey ◽  
Maximum Likelihood Analysis ◽  
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa ◽  
Likelihood Analysis ◽  
Hindu Kush ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer Rdna ◽  
A New Species

A field survey of macrofungi from the Hindu Kush range of District Swat revealed a fungus morphologically similar to Leucoagaricus but representing a new species, here named L. brunneus. A detailed description and comparison with closely allied taxa are provided. Maximum likelihood analysis based on the internal transcribed spacer rDNA region (ITS) confirm its placement in Leucoagaricus sect. Rubrotincti .

scholarly journals First record of the Malaysian Bridle Snake, Dryocalamus subannulatus (Duméril, Bibron & Duméril, 1854), in Myanmar (Reptilia, Serpentes, Colubridae)

Check List ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 341-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin L. Lee ◽  
Aryeh H. Miller ◽  
Grant M. Connette ◽  
Khin Swe Oo ◽  
George R. Zug ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Likelihood ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
First Record ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Single Individual ◽  
Maximum Likelihood Analysis ◽  
Likelihood Analysis ◽  
Island Group ◽  
First Time ◽  
Isthmus Of Kra

Dryocalamus subannulatus is reported for the first time from Myanmar. A single individual was found on the Thayawthadangyi Island Group in the Myeik Archipelago, Tanintharyi Region. Morphological features and a maximum likelihood analysis of the 16S mitochondrial gene confirm its identity. This specimen represents the first record of D. subannulatus north of the Isthmus of Kra.

Cas de suie de l'érable et de chancre du peuplier dans le canton de Genève

2016 ◽  
Vol 167 (2) ◽  
pp. 98-104
Author(s):  
Bastien Cochard ◽  
François Lefort
Keyword(s):  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Fungal Flora ◽  
Acer Campestre ◽  
Cytospora Chrysosperma ◽  
Pure Cultures ◽  
Populus X Euramericana ◽  
Bark Peeling ◽  
Specific Symptoms ◽  
First Time

A case of sooty bark disease and Cytospora poplar canker in the Canton of Geneva In summer 2014, a case of sooty bark disease caused by Cryptostroma corticale on an individual field maple (Acer campestre) and two cases of poplar canker due to Cytospora chrysosperma on Populus x euramericana were identified genetically for the first time on the territory of the Canton of Geneva. In both cases, the trees presented signs of very advanced dieback, accompanied by specific symptoms such as bark peeling and sooty plaques for the maple, and loose twisted bark layers and black colouring of the wood in structural branches of the poplars. Sampling was carried out in the symptomatic areas and components of the fungal flora were isolated in pure cultures in order to identify any pathogenic fungi. The molecular analysis of the rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences made it possible to identify precisely all pure isolates obtained. The results showed a majority presence of C. corticale in the maple tree, and of C. chrysosperma in the two poplars. Both these fungi are little known in Switzerland and Europe, and their presence is maybe associated with changes in the climate.

scholarly journals First Report of Echinococcus ortleppi in Free-Living Wild Boar (Sus scrofa) from Portugal

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1256
Author(s):  
Teresa Letra Mateus ◽  
Maria João Gargaté ◽  
Anabela Vilares ◽  
Idalina Ferreira ◽  
Manuela Rodrigues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wild Boar ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Sus Scrofa ◽  
One Health ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Free Living ◽  
First Report ◽  
Wildlife Reservoirs ◽  
First Time ◽  
Echinococcus Granulosus Sensu Lato

Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a zoonosis that is prevalent worldwide. It is considered endemic in Portugal but few studies have been performed on Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato and their hosts. In this study, CE cysts are reported for the first time in a free-living wild boar (Sus scrofa) in Portugal. The presence of the metacestodes in the liver of the wild boar was identified by morphological features, microscopic examination and molecular analysis. The sequencing of part of the DNA nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer-1 (ITS-1) region revealed a G5 genotype that presently corresponds to Echinococcus ortleppi. This is the first report of E. ortleppi in Portugal and to the best of the authors’ knowledge, in Europe. These results suggest that wild boar may be a host of CE, namely, crossing the livestock–wildlife interface, which has important public health implications. Wildlife reservoirs must be taken into account as CE hosts and surveillance of game as well as health education for hunters should be implemented using a One Health approach, with implementation of feasible and tailor-made control strategies, namely, proper elimination of byproducts in the field.

scholarly journals Sequences of the second internal transcribed spacer of ribosomal DNA for three species of Trichostrongylus (Nematoda: Trichostrongylidae) from sheep in Russia

2007 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Kuznetsov ◽  
N. Kuznetsova
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequence ◽  
Intraspecific Variation ◽  
Ribosomal Dna ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Moscow Region ◽  
Dna Sequence Data ◽  
Interspecific Differences ◽  
Second Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
First Time

AbstractFor the first time, DNA sequence data were obtained for three species of Trichostrongylus from Russia. Internal transcribed spacer (ITS-2) of ribosomal DNA was sequenced for T. axei, T. colubriformis and T. probolurus from sheep from the Moscow region. ITS-2 rDNA length was estimated as 238 nucleotides for T. colubriformis and T. probolurus and 237 nucleotides for T. axei. The G+C content of the ITS-2 sequences of T. colubriformis, T. axei and T. probolurus were 31 %, 32 % and 34 % respectively. The level of interspecific differences in ITS-2 of rDNA of T. axei, T. probolurus and T. colubriformis ranged from 3 to 4 %. The ITS-2 sequences from the Russian specimens were compared with those of T. axei, T. probolurus and T. colubriformis from Australia and Germany. Intraspecific variation ranged from 0 % in T. colubriformis to 3.0 % in T. axei.

scholarly journals Investigation and analysis of the fungal community structure in moldy Lonicerae japonicae Flos through ITS2 sequencing

2021 ◽  
Vol 233 ◽  
pp. 02031
Author(s):  
Zhenying Liu ◽  
Yan Zhao ◽  
Lingna Wang ◽  
Gaobin Pu ◽  
Yongqing Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Mold Growth ◽  
Fungal Contamination ◽  
Fungal Community Structure ◽  
Class Level ◽  
First Time ◽  
Comprehensive Characterization

Lonicerae japonicae Flos is a traditional Chinese medicine that has the effect is used for clearing away heat and detoxification. When stored improperly, this medicine is susceptible to mold growth, causing fungal contamination, reducing its safety and clinical efficacy. In order to understand the fungal contamination of Lonicerae japonicae Flos, we utilized the Illumina NovaSeq6000 platform to characterize fungal communities associated with five moldy Lonicerae japonicae Flos samples from warehouses in China via the sequencing of fungal internal transcribed spacer 2 regions. These analyses led us to identify 3 phyla, 5 classes, 7 orders, 9 families, 13 genera, and 20 species of fungi in these samples. Of these, Ascomycota was the dominant phylum, while Cysticomycetes, Ascomycetes, and Staphylococci were relatively dominant at the class level, and the most prevalent genera were Aspergillus, Penicillium, Xanthomonas, Microcystis, Talaromyces, and Erysiphe with relative abundance values of 79%, 21%, 94%, 100%, and 98%. In summary, in the present study we conducted the ITS-based comprehensive characterization of fungal communities associated with Lonicerae japonicae Flos for the first time. This approach aims to facilitate the early detection of fungal contamination in Lonicerae japonicae Flos, providing a theoretical basis for the study of anti-mold technologies.

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