scholarly journals Defining Whole Grain Sorghum Flour and Water Levels to Improve Sensory and Nutritional Quality of Gluten-Free Bread—A Factorial Design Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (17) ◽  
pp. 8186
Author(s):  
Ana Carolina L. Centeno ◽  
Etiene Aguiar ◽  
Fernanda Santos ◽  
Valéria Queiroz ◽  
Ana Conti-Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Potato Starch ◽  
Grain Sorghum ◽  
Weight Basis ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Gluten Free ◽  
Whole Grain ◽  
Overall Acceptability ◽  
Sorghum Flour ◽  
Hedonic Scale

This study aims to investigate the potential of white and bronze whole-grain sorghum flour to develop gluten-free bread (GFB) with acceptable sensory properties. Two 22 factorial designs, with two central point repetitions each, were used to study the effects of white (WS) or bronze sorghum (BS) flours and water (W) levels on the physical properties, acceptability scores, and proximate composition of GFB. The WS or BS levels ranged from 50 to 100% when blended with potato starch, and the W levels ranged from 100 to 140% (flour weight basis). Independent of the amount applied, GFB formulations containing BS were well accepted (acceptability scores for appearance, color, odor, texture, flavor and overall liking ≥ 6.29 on a 10 cm hybrid hedonic scale). No significant differences were observed between the acceptability scores of single and composite formulations for all of the evaluated sensory attributes. Moreover, the W levels had no effect on the acceptability of GFB made with BS. Composite formulations prepared with 50 and 75% WS were also well accepted (acceptability scores for appearance, color, odor, texture, flavor, and overall liking ≥ 7.43 on a 10 cm hybrid hedonic scale). However, increased W levels are required in single formulations to increase the scores for texture and overall acceptability. GFB made with 50% and 75% WS/BS can be classified as a source of fiber since the fiber content is higher than 3 g per 100 g, while GFB made with 100% WS/BS can be classified as high in fiber, as the content of this component is higher than 6 g per 100 g. This research highlights the great potential of whole-grain sorghum flours for producing nutrient-dense and acceptable GFB, which is important for consumers who choose or must adhere to a GF diet.

scholarly journals Comparative evaluation of whole grains flour chemical composition of grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) and chia (Salvia hispanica)

2020 ◽  
pp. 168-177
Author(s):  
S. Tretiakova ◽  
V. Voitovska ◽  
Y. Yevchuk ◽  
L. Kononenko
Keyword(s):  
Celiac Disease ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Grain Sorghum ◽  
Gluten Free ◽  
Whole Grain ◽  
Free Products ◽  
Salvia Hispanica ◽  
Sorghum Flour

The article highlights a complex of studies and a comparative assessment of flour of various varieties and hybrids of chia and sorghum. It was found that, in terms of their chemical composition, these crops are advisable to use as raw materials for the production of gluten free products. To live a full life, people with celiac disease must constantly consume gluten-free foods. Rice, buckwheat, millet, corn are considered safe, and amaranth, quinoa, sago, Setaria italica, sorghum are also less common in Ukraine. To obtain high-quality gluten-free products, it is important to choose the right raw materials and their ratio in chemical composition. Therefore, it is advisable to study and compare the chemical composition of sorghum and chia flour. The aim of the research was to study and compare the chemical composition of whole grain sorghum flour versus chia for use in the food industry as a source of gluten-free nutrition. The experimental part of the work was carried out during 2017–2019 in the hybrids of grain sorghum of Ukrainian (Lan 59), French (Targga) and American (Prime) selection and Spanish sage (chia) (Salvia hispanica) varieties: Salba, Tzotzol, Iztac. Whole grain sorghum and chia flours were obtained from their grains and various chemical constituents were determined. Comparative analysis of the chemical composition of sorghum and chia flour allows us to note that, on average, the protein content in sorghum was in the range from 9.53 to 10.6 g, in chia varieties from 14.98 to 16.52 g, which is on average five, 8 g more. The data on the determination of fats show that in the hybrid of sorghum of Ukrainian selection, this indicator was 2.8 g, French 1.24 g, and American – 3.3 g, as for chia, this indicator is much higher and varies by varieties from 30, 12 to 30.71 g. Starch is the main component of flour and in sorghum; its mass fraction is more in the Prime hybrid 63.7 g, Lan 59 – 63.1 g and the smallest amount in Targga – 62.7 g. It has been determined that grain sorghum and chia flour has a high content of B vitamins, which act as coenzymes of a number of metabolic processes. In addition to the vitamins listed above, sorghum flour contains vitamins B9, B5, B6 as well. Chia varieties have high levels of micro- and microelements. Key words: flour, vitamins, microelements, proteins, fats, carbohydrates, celiac disease, sorghum, chia.

scholarly journals Sensory and Textural Evaluation of Gluten-Free Bread Substituted With Amaranth and Montina™ Flour

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen L. Breshears ◽  
Kristi M. Crowe
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Diet Group ◽  
Gluten Free ◽  
Restricted Diet ◽  
Overall Acceptability ◽  
Additional Testing ◽  
Product Acceptability ◽  
Sensory Qualities ◽  
Hedonic Scale

<p>The objective of this study was to develop a nutrient-dense gluten-free bread (GFB) using either amaranth or Montina™ flour in a standardized gluten-free lean breadrecipe for the purpose of comparing the nutritional, sensory, and objective qualities of the developed breads to a commercially-marketed GFB. Participants (n=222)included individuals who typically eat a gluten-free diet and those who eat a non-restricted diet. The non-restricted diet group was used to assess product acceptability in the general population and to determine product marketability among those without gluten restrictions. Nutritionally, both developed breads provided at least 26% more iron than the commercial GFB and <span style="text-decoration: underline;">&gt;</span><span style="text-decoration: underline;"> </span>40% more fiber while the amaranth bread provided twice as much folate. Significant differences (p &lt; 0.05) in sensory attributes (appearance, texture, flavor, tenderness, and overall acceptability) of both amaranth- and Montina™-based breads were not reported between the groups. Based on sensory scores using a 9-point Hedonic scale, the commercial GFB was preferred over either developed bread and the Montina™-based bread was preferred over the amaranth-based bread. Significant differences in bread hardness were not detected among the tested GFB, yet commercial GFB slices exhibited the largest and most consistent cell size throughout. Results suggest that amaranth and Montina™ flours assist in improving the nutritional quality of GFB, yet additional testing is needed to assist in formulation modifications of this standardized lean bread recipe in order to produce a product similar in sensory qualities to commercially-marketed GFB.</p>

scholarly journals Influence of Extrusion-Cooking Conditions on Corn Pasta Quality

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Nazeer El-Bialee ◽  
AbdelGawad Mohammed Saad ◽  
Mohamed Ibrahim El-Didamony ◽  
Gamal Zahran
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Expansion Ratio ◽  
Gluten Free ◽  
Free Products ◽  
Overall Acceptability ◽  
Cooking Properties ◽  
Single Screw Extruder ◽  
Specific Mechanical Energy ◽  
Mouth Feel

Gluten free products remain the cornerstone for celiac patients. Insufficiency, poverty and little offered about gluten free products (quality and quantity) represented a high obstacle for Egyptian celiac patients. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to modify a single screw extruder to produce gluten–free pasta (GFP) (tagliatelle type). The GFP was made from corn flour under screw rotation speed (N) of 10, 25 and 50 rpm at 40, 65, 90 and 115 ºC of barrel temperature (BT). Extruder performance was evaluated as specific mechanical energy (SME) and expansion ratio (Er). The cooking quality of GFP as optimum cooking time (OCT), cooked yield (CY), swelling (Sw), cooking losses (CL) and sensory characteristics (appearance, colour, taste, mouth feel and overall acceptability) were evaluated. The better results of the GFP sensory evaluation were obtained at BT= 80 ºC, N =25 rpm and Er ≈ 1.38 with OCT ≈ 3.3 min, CY= 196%, Sw = 210% and CL= 16.3%. All parameters were given a direct proportion with processing variables N and BT, except CL. Furthermore, it can be predicted cooking properties values for GFP by SME value using the following equation; SME » 1.8675 (Er) + 0.8037 » 0.0608 (OCT)1.5984  » 8×10-17 (CY)6.7878 » 2×10-9 (Sw)3.494  » -0.0306 (CL) + 0.7877.

scholarly journals Physicochemical Properties and Sensory Evaluation of Non-Meat Ingredients Chicken Sausage

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-22
Author(s):  
M. Pagthinathan ◽  
A.P. A. S. Gunasekara
Keyword(s):  
Soy Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Potato Starch ◽  
Milk Powder ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Overall Acceptability ◽  
Organoleptic Characteristics

Non-meat ingredients are used to impart flavor, slow bacterial growth, and increase the yield of the sausage production. To study the quality of chicken sausage incorporated with non-meat ingredients namely, soy protein powder, non-fat milk powder and potato starch at the rate of 2% (w/w) concentration. Sausage samples were analyzed for physical, nutritional, and sensory properties during refrigerated storage at -4 ℃. The nutritional, physical and sensory characteristics were analyzed, at day 1, week 1, week 2 and week 3 of storage. Moisture, ash, dry matter, fat, pH, texture, and color were significantly difference (p<0.05) among the treatments at day one. During storage the ash, pH content and dry matter content were significantly (p<0.05) increased, and fat content and moisture content was significantly (p<0.05) decreased storage period. At week one, the higher hardness value showed in soy protein powder incorporated chicken sausage and least value showed in without added non-meat ingredient (control) sausage. As results of organoleptic characteristics revealed that, 2% of potato starch incorporated chicken sausage had the highest mean score of overall quality of all sensorial properties namely, color, taste, texture, flavor, and overall acceptability.

scholarly journals Preparation and Sensorial Evaluation of Pickles, Jam, Jelly and Squash Developed from Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus)

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-41
Author(s):  
C Mondal ◽  
S Sultana ◽  
MA Mannan ◽  
SAKU Khan
Keyword(s):  
Sensory Evaluation ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Consumer Acceptability ◽  
Overall Acceptability ◽  
Processed Products ◽  
Hedonic Scale ◽  
Sensorial Evaluation ◽  
Different Parts

The investigation was conducted in the Molecular Horticulture Laboratory of Agrotechnology Discipline, Khulna University to develop processed products from jackfruit through their sensory evaluation in order to see their suitability and consumer acceptability. Using variation in sugar contents five preparations of raw jackfruit green pickle, four preparations of rind jelly and bulb jelly, and three preparations of jam, squash and sweet pickles were successfully prepared. Results from sensory evaluation using a seven point hedonic scale to rate for color, taste, flavor, texture and overall acceptability by untrained panelists indicated preparation No. 3 of green pickle, preparation No. 3 and 4 of rind jelly, preparation No. 2 of bulb jelly, jam, squash and sweet pickle scored highest among all the preparations. The storage of these products in normal room temperature showed that produced pickles remain unchanged even after 12 months of storage. But the quality of jam, jelly and squash started to deteriorate after 7 months of storage due to the absence of preservatives. Based on results, it can be concluded that commercial production of the products by using different parts of jackfruit can be taken up and promoted as a small scale income generating activity.J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 9(2): 35-41 2016

scholarly journals Whole Grain Gluten-Free Vegetable Savory Snacks

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Talwinder S. Kahlon ◽  
Roberto J. Avena-Bustillos ◽  
Mei-Chin M. Chiu ◽  
Marlene B. Hidalgo
Keyword(s):  
Guar Gum ◽  
Brown Rice ◽  
Rice Flour ◽  
Gluten Free ◽  
Whole Grain ◽  
Sorghum Flour ◽  
Fresh Vegetables ◽  
Low Salt ◽  
Brown Rice Flour ◽  
Tapioca Flour

<p>Gluten-free savory snacks were formulated and evaluated to offer nutritious treats for all and healthy option for gluten intolerance individuals. Four kinds of savory snacks (gluten-free, whole grains with fresh vegetables, low in fat and salt) were developed using base formulation (BF) of brown rice flour (45%), sorghum flour (20%), tapioca flour (7%), mashed potato (8%), canola oil (6%), guar gum (2%), baking powder (1.5%) and salt (0.5%). Fresh vegetables (carrots, broccoli, spinach, and red onion) were chopped and mixed with the base formulation (1:1). Chopped fresh garlic (5%) was added to carrot, broccoli and spinach (base-vegetable mix, BFV). Snack dough was prepared using 100 mL water per 100 g BFV. Two portions of snack dough (about 10 g each) were placed on the preheated KrumKake Baker and cooked for 2 minutes. Sixty two in-house volunteers judged Broccoli-Garlic snacks as significantly (p ? 0.05) better in color/appearance than Carrot-Garlic, Spinach-Garlic and Red Onion savory snacks. A 30 g serving of these low salt, low fat healthy snacks would provide 5-7% of daily recommended dose of dietary fiber and potassium. This is the first report of developed whole grain gluten-free, 50% vegetable snacks. Texture and water activity of the developed snacks suggests the crispiness and potential long shelf stability. Tasters judged Carrot-Garlic (88%), Broccoli-Garlic (77%), Spinach-Garlic (68%) and Red Onion (65%) acceptable. Data suggest that the acceptability of gluten-free whole grain vegetable savory snacks is very encouraging and offers healthy alternative for all and especially for those sensitive to gluten.</p>

scholarly journals Improvement of Texture, Nutritional Qualities, and Consumers’ Perceptions of Sorghum-Based Sourdough Bread Made with Pediococcus pentosaceus and Weissella confusa Strains

Fermentation ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Ayoyinka O. Olojede ◽  
Abiodun I. Sanni ◽  
Kolawole Banwo ◽  
Towobola Michael
Keyword(s):  
Corn Starch ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Gluten Free ◽  
Pediococcus Pentosaceus ◽  
Overall Acceptability ◽  
Substitution Level ◽  
Sorghum Flour ◽  
Sourdough Bread ◽  
Bread Production ◽  
Weissella Confusa

Enriched gluten-free products are in high demand owing to increasing celiac disease worldwide. Sourdough fermentation can improve the quality of gluten-free cereals, rendering the resulting product beneficial as a functional food. This study produced sorghum bread (SB) using sourdough technology and evaluated the texture, nutrition profile, bioactive components, and sensory attributes of the product. The base formula was composed of sorghum flour and corn starch. Sourdough made with Pediococcus pentosaceus LD7 (PL7), P. pentosaceus SA8 (PS8), or Weissella confusa SD8 (WS8) was added at a 20% substitution level for bread production, while bread without sourdough addition was used as the control sample. The texture profiles of the SB were significantly (p ˂ 0.05) softer than that of the control. The sourdough breads possessed higher crude protein, ash, and dietary fibre contents than the control bread. Tannin and total phenol contents were significantly (p ˂ 0.05) higher in the sourdough breads compared to the control sample. The specific volume of the sample made with PS8 sourdough was the highest at 2.50 cm3/g compared to the other samples (2.17–2.46 cm3/g). The sourdough samples had higher scores for taste, texture, aroma, and overall acceptability than the control, with PL7 SB exhibiting the best overall acceptability (6.56). This study established promising use of sourdough with starters as an ingredient for baked products with improved technological and nutritional attributes as well as consumer acceptability.

scholarly journals Influence of Hydrocolloids on the Quality of Major Flat Breads: A Review

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akanksha Pahwa ◽  
Amarjeet Kaur ◽  
Ritika Puri
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Gluten Free ◽  
Visual Appearance ◽  
Overall Acceptability ◽  
The World ◽  
Diverse Origin ◽  
Fresh Products ◽  
Baking Industry

Flat breads are popular all over the world. There are several forms of flat bread, which differ in their methods of preparation. In comparison to pan breads, the leavened flat breads have shorter fermentation period. Nowadays, the use of additives has become a common practice in the baking industry. In this paper, supplementation of several hydrocolloids having different chemical structure and diverse origin to the flatbread making process is presented. Hydrocolloids comprise a number of water-soluble polysaccharides providing a range of functional properties that make them suitable to this application. They provide proper texture, control moisture, improve overall product quality and stability, reduce cost, and facilitate processing in the flat breads. Various gluten-free formulations have applied hydrocolloids to mimic the viscoelastic properties of gluten. Hydrocolloids have been used for retarding the staling and for improving the quality of the fresh products. In addition to this, good sensory properties for visual appearance, aroma, flavor, crunchiness, and overall acceptability were obtained.

scholarly journals Development of a Novel Gluten-Free Egg Pie Product: Effects of Sensory Attributes and Storage

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (24) ◽  
pp. 10389
Author(s):  
Karina Ilona Hidas ◽  
Anna Visy ◽  
Judit Csonka ◽  
Ildikó Csilla Nyulas-Zeke ◽  
László Friedrich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Frozen Storage ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Color Measurement ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Gluten Free ◽  
Overall Acceptability ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Hedonic Scale ◽  
Short Time

In the last few decades, convenience has become one of the most important factors for consumers. Therefore, food products that take a short time to prepare are gaining in popularity. The aim of this study was to develop a gluten-free egg-pie product which is quick-frozen in pre-baked form and remains usable for a long time. Besides, it satisfies various consumer needs while remaining sustainable by not having a great impact on the environment. A dough containing rice, millet, and buckwheat flour was developed. The fillings also appeared in unflavored and flavored form (spinach onion, cheese) with and without increased egg white content. Acceptance of the product was measured by sensory test. Texture and dry matter content measurement, triangular test, and color measurement were performed to track changes through six months of frozen storage. The stored pies’ hardness declined for three months, then doubled the original value at the end of the frozen storage. The stored pies hardness declined for three months (from 10.76 ± 1.78 and 11.22 ± 1.47 N to 8.52 ± 1.74 and 9.91 ± 1.16 N), then doubled the original value at the end of the frozen storage (21.69 ± 2.55 and 19.62 ± 1.67 N). The dry matter content showed increasing tendency. Results of the triangular tests showed that the stored flavored pies were less distinguishable from freshly baked ones than the unflavored egg-pies. Color measurement showed that the fillings of the pies were darkening during the frozen storage. Consumer liking test showed values between 6.52 ± 1.76 and 7.56 ± 1.2 on a 9-point hedonic scale. Color measurement showed that the fillings of the pies were darkening during the frozen storage, and the lightness values decreased from 90.17 ± 0.06 and 90.53 ± 0.11 to 81.43 ± 0.41 and 83.22 ± 0.87 in six months. Results generated in this study suggest that consumers’ acceptance was high, though results of penalty analysis showed that more flavorings would increase the overall acceptability.

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