Developments of Space Debris Laser Ranging Technology Including the Applications of Picosecond Lasers

Debris laser ranging (DLR) is receiving considerable attention as an accurate and effective method of determining and predicting the orbits of space debris. This paper reports some technologies of DLR, such as the high pulse repetition frequency (PRF) laser pulse, large-aperture telescope, telescope array, multi-static stations receiving signals. DLR with a picosecond laser at the Shanghai Astronomical Observatory is also presented. A few hundred laps of space debris laser-ranging measurements have been made. A double-pulse picosecond laser with an average power of 4.2 W, a PRF of 1 kHz, and a wavelength of 532 nm has been implemented successfully in DLR, it’s the first time that DLR technology has reached a ranging precision at the sub-decimeter level. In addition, the characteristics of the picosecond-pulse-width laser transmission with the advantages of transmission in laser ranging were analyzed. With a mode of the pulse-burst picosecond laser having high average power, the DLR system has tracked small debris with a radar cross-section (RCS) of 0.91 m2 at a ranging distance up to 1726.8 km, corresponding to an RCS of 0.1 m2 at a distance of 1000 km. These works are expected to provide new technologies to further improve the performance of DLR.

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Development of Multiple Pulse Picosecond Laser with 1 kHz Repetition Rate and Its Application in Space Debris Laser Ranging

Acta Optica Sinica ◽

10.3788/aos202141.0614001 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 41 (6) ◽

pp. 0614001

Author(s):

龙明亮 Long Mingliang ◽

邓华荣 Deng Huarong ◽

张海峰 Zhang Haifeng ◽

吴志波 Wu Zhibo ◽

张忠萍 Zhang Zhongping ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Repetition Rate ◽

Space Debris ◽

Picosecond Laser ◽

Laser Ranging ◽

Multiple Pulse

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High Average Power, High Pulse Repetition Frequency Diode Pumped UV Solid-State Laser System

CLEO/Europe Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics ◽

10.1109/cleoe.1998.719287 ◽

2005 ◽

Author(s):

R. Koch ◽

T. Schroder ◽

U. Stamm ◽

W. Zschocke ◽

D. Basting

Keyword(s):

Solid State ◽

Pulse Repetition Frequency ◽

Laser System ◽

Average Power ◽

Solid State Laser ◽

Repetition Frequency ◽

Pulse Repetition ◽

High Average Power ◽

Diode Pumped ◽

High Pulse

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A high-beam-quality, high-pulse-energy picosecond laser system for high precision ultra-remote laser ranging

Chinese Science Bulletin (Chinese Version) ◽

10.1360/n972019-00041 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 64 (17) ◽

pp. 1761-1762 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Zhongwei Fan ◽

Yutao Huang ◽

Xiaochao Yan ◽

Guangyan Guo ◽

en Zh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Precision ◽

Pulse Energy ◽

Beam Quality ◽

Laser System ◽

Picosecond Laser ◽

Laser Ranging ◽

High Pulse Energy ◽

High Beam ◽

High Pulse ◽

High Beam Quality

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High precision space debris laser ranging with 4.2 W double-pulse picosecond laser at 1 kHz in 532nm

Optik ◽

10.1016/j.ijleo.2018.10.219 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 179 ◽

pp. 691-699 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Zhongping Zhang ◽

Haifeng Zhang ◽

MingLiang Long ◽

Huarong Deng ◽

Zhibo Wu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Precision ◽

Space Debris ◽

Picosecond Laser ◽

Double Pulse ◽

Laser Ranging

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Conference report: innovation, interaction … and a lot of data: first time reflections on Internet Librarian International, UK 2018

Library Hi Tech News ◽

10.1108/lhtn-11-2018-0072 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 36 (2) ◽

pp. 21-22

Author(s):

Ray Harper

Keyword(s):

Best Practice ◽

New Technologies ◽

Conference Report ◽

Library Services ◽

New Techniques ◽

Content Type ◽

Making A Difference ◽

Analyse Data ◽

Physical Spaces ◽

First Time

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to summarise a number of presentations at Day 1 of the Internet Librarian International conference, London, UK (16 October 2018). This was the 20th conference in the series, and the three key themes included were the next-gen library and librarian; understanding users, usage and user experience; and inclusion and inspiration: libraries making a difference. Design/methodology/approach This paper reports from the viewpoint of a first-time attendee of the conference. This summarises the main issues raised by each presentation and draws out the key learning points for practical situations. Findings The conference covered a variety of practical ways in which libraries can use technology to support users and make decisions about services. These include developing interactive physical spaces which include augmented reality; introducing “chat-bots” to support users; using new techniques to analyse data; and piloting new ways to engage users (such as coding clubs). A key theme was how we use and harness data in a way that is ethical, effective and relevant to library services. Originality/value This conference focussed on practical examples of how library and information services across sectors and countries are innovating in a period of huge change. The conference gave delegates numerous useful ideas and examples of best practice and demonstrated the strength of the profession in adapting to new technologies and developments.

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Numerical Analysis of the Dynamic Interaction between Two Closely Spaced Vertical-Axis Wind Turbines

Energies ◽

10.3390/en14082286 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (8) ◽

pp. 2286

Author(s):

Yutaka Hara ◽

Yoshifumi Jodai ◽

Tomoyuki Okinaga ◽

Masaru Furukawa

Keyword(s):

Wind Turbines ◽

Power Distribution ◽

Phase Synchronization ◽

Average Power ◽

Vertical Axis ◽

Turbine Rotor ◽

Mean Power ◽

Vertical Axis Wind Turbines ◽

Fluid Body ◽

First Time

To investigate the optimum layouts of small vertical-axis wind turbines, a two-dimensional analysis of dynamic fluid body interaction is performed via computational fluid dynamics for a rotor pair in various configurations. The rotational speed of each turbine rotor (diameter: D = 50 mm) varies based on the equation of motion. First, the dependence of rotor performance on the gap distance (gap) between two rotors is investigated. For parallel layouts, counter-down (CD) layouts with blades moving downwind in the gap region yield a higher mean power than counter-up (CU) layouts with blades moving upwind in the gap region. CD layouts with gap/D = 0.5–1.0 yield a maximum average power that is 23% higher than that of an isolated single rotor. Assuming isotropic bidirectional wind speed, co-rotating (CO) layouts with the same rotational direction are superior to the combination of CD and CU layouts regardless of the gap distance. For tandem layouts, the inverse-rotation (IR) configuration shows an earlier wake recovery than the CO configuration. For 16-wind-direction layouts, both the IR and CO configurations indicate similar power distribution at gap/D = 2.0. For the first time, this study demonstrates the phase synchronization of two rotors via numerical simulation.

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Innovating on Inhaled Bioequivalence: A Critical Analysis of the Current Limitations, Potential Solutions and Stakeholders of the Process

Pharmaceutics ◽

10.3390/pharmaceutics13071051 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (7) ◽

pp. 1051

Author(s):

Jonattan Gallegos-Catalán ◽

Zachary Warnken ◽

Tania F. Bahamondez-Canas ◽

Daniel Moraga-Espinoza

Keyword(s):

New Technologies ◽

Innovation Process ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Regulatory Agencies ◽

Drug Products ◽

Effective Strategies ◽

Rate Analysis ◽

Orally Inhaled Drug Products ◽

Next Generation Impactor ◽

First Time

Orally inhaled drug products (OIDPs) are an important group of medicines traditionally used to treat pulmonary diseases. Over the past decade, this trend has broadened, increasing their use in other conditions such as diabetes, expanding the interest in this administration route. Thus, the bioequivalence of OIDPs is more important than ever, aiming to increase access to affordable, safe and effective medicines, which translates into better public health policies. However, regulatory agencies leading the bioequivalence process are still deciding the best approach for ensuring a proposed inhalable product is bioequivalent. This lack of agreement translates into less cost-effective strategies to determine bioequivalence, discouraging innovation in this field. The Next-Generation Impactor (NGI) is an example of the slow pace at which the inhalation field evolves. The NGI was officially implemented in 2003, being the last equipment innovation for OIDP characterization. Even though it was a breakthrough in the field, it did not solve other deficiencies of the BE process such as dissolution rate analysis on physiologically relevant conditions, being the last attempt of transferring technology into the field. This review aims to reveal the steps required for innovation in the regulations defining the bioequivalence of OIDPs, elucidating the pitfalls of implementing new technologies in the current standards. To do so, we collected the opinion of experts from the literature to explain these trends, showing, for the first time, the stakeholders of the OIDP market. This review analyzes the stakeholders involved in the development, improvement and implementation of methodologies that can help assess bioequivalence between OIDPs. Additionally, it presents a list of methods potentially useful to overcome some of the current limitations of the bioequivalence standard methodologies. Finally, we review one of the most revolutionary approaches, the inhaled Biopharmaceutical Classification System (IBCs), which can help establish priorities and order in both the innovation process and in regulations for OIDPs.

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High beam quality generation from compact kinetically-enhanced copper vapour lasers of high-average-power (100 W) and high-pulse-rate (30 KHz)

2003 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe (CLEO/Europe 2003) (IEEE Cat. No.03TH8666) ◽

10.1109/cleoe.2003.1312180 ◽

2004 ◽

Author(s):

R.P. Mildren ◽

J.P. Piper

Keyword(s):

Pulse Rate ◽

Beam Quality ◽

Average Power ◽

High Average Power ◽

High Beam ◽

High Pulse ◽

High Pulse Rate ◽

High Beam Quality

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Business model of garment enterprises: a scientometric review

Textile Research Journal ◽

10.1177/0040517520985908 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 91 (13-14) ◽

pp. 1609-1626

Author(s):

Yuran Jin ◽

Xiangye Song ◽

Jinhuan Tang ◽

Xiaodong Dong ◽

Huisheng Ji

Keyword(s):

Conference Proceedings ◽

Social Science ◽

Business Model ◽

Western Europe ◽

Business Models ◽

New Technologies ◽

Citation Index ◽

The United States ◽

Fast Fashion ◽

First Time

The research on the business model of garment enterprises (BMGE) has expanded rapidly in the last decade. However, there is still a lack of comprehensive reviews of it, let alone visual research. Based on scientometrics, in this paper 118 papers and their 4803 references from Science Citation Index Expanded, Social Sciences Citation Index, Conference Proceedings Citation Index—Science, and Conference Proceedings Citation Index—Social Science & Humanities for the period 2010–2020 about the BMGE were analyzed by visualizing the co-cited references, co-occurrence keywords, burst references, dual-map overlays, and more with CiteSpace, Google Maps, and VOSviewer. The research revealed the intellectual landscapes of the BMGE for the first time and mapped the landmark papers, hotspots and trends, national or regional distributions and their cooperation networks, highly cited authors, and prestigious journals and disciplines related to the BMGE. The results show that the biggest hotspot is the fast fashion business model; social responsibility, smart fashion, Internet of Things, and sharing fashion are the main emerging hotspots; and the research focuses has evolved from traditional business models to business models driven by new technologies, then to new issues such as circular economy models. The institutions are mainly distributed in China, the United States, and Western Europe, and there is cooperation between more than 11 countries. The most popular disciplines are economics and politics, while psychology, education, and social science are the essential basic disciplines. The Journal of Cleaner Production and Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management, among others, actively promoted the research.

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