scholarly journals Characterization of Infant Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Delivery with Range Sensor Feedback on Performance

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (21) ◽  
pp. 9813
Author(s):  
Farah M. Alkhafaji ◽  
Ghaidaa A. Khalid ◽  
Ali Al-Naji ◽  
Basheer M. Hussein ◽  
Javaan Chahl
Keyword(s):  
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Feedback System ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Compression Technique ◽  
The Social ◽  
Cpr Training

Cardiac arrest (CA) in infants is an issue worldwide, which causes significant morbidity and mortality rates. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is a technique performed in case of CA to save victims' lives. However, CPR is often not performed effectively, even when delivered by qualified rescuers. Therefore, international guidelines have proposed applying a CPR feedback device to achieve high-quality application of CPR to enhance survival rates. Currently, no feedback device is available to guide learners through infant CPR performance in contrast to a number of adult CPR feedback devices. This study presents a real-time feedback system to improve infant CPR performance by medical staff and laypersons using a commercial CPR infant manikin. The proposed system uses an IR sensor to compare CPR performance obtained with no feedback and with a real-time feedback system. Performance was validated by analysis of the CPR parameters actually delivered against the recommended target parameters. Results show that the real-time feedback system significantly improves the quality of chest compression parameters. The two-thumb compression technique is the achievable and appropriate mechanism applied to infant subjects for delivering high-quality CPR. Under the social distancing constraints imposed by the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, the results from the training device were sent to a CPR training center and provided each participant with CPR proficiency.

Abstract 275: Automated External Defibrillator with Real-Time Audiovisual Feedback System Improves the Quality of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 130 (suppl_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenji Hayashi ◽  
Hiroaki Ushikoshi ◽  
Naoki Matsumaru ◽  
Sho Nachi ◽  
Hikaru Nachi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Feedback System ◽  
Automated External Defibrillator ◽  
Feedback Systems ◽  
External Defibrillator

Background: Public access defibrillation (PAD) with automated external defibrillator (AED) is a widely available and beneficial intervention for cardiac arrest. The quality of chest compressions (CC) is an important determinant of the outcome of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). In Japan, AED with real-time audiovisual feedback is being implemented, and has been available to bystanders since 2011. However, the benefit of CC feedback systems for laypersons remains unclear. In this study, we sought to determine the effects of audiovisual feedback system on the quality of CC in bystanders with different medical backgrounds. Methods: A total of 478 individuals (151 healthcare professionals [mean age, 31.3 years], 76 medical students [mean age, 23.6 years], and 251 non-healthcare professionals [mean age, 40.1 years]) participated in a CPR quality improvement challenge. Participants performed two 2-min trials of CC on a training manikin equipped with an accelerometer-based system for measuring both rate and depth of CC. Real-time audiovisual feedback was disabled during first trial, but activated during the second trial. The quality of CC was evaluated by counting the number of compressions with the appropriate depth (5.0-10 cm) and rate (100-120 cpm) in each trial. Results: Among all participants, mean depth of CC was higher (6.35 vs. 5.87 cm), and mean rate was lower (102.4 vs. 112.2 cpm) when the feedback system was activated than when it was disabled (p < 0.05). When real-time feedback was activated, non-healthcare professional participants performed CC of greater depth (6.41 vs. 5.63 cm) than healthcare professionals (6.25 vs. 6.09 cm) and medical students (6.34 vs. 6.19 cm) (p < 0.05). The quality index of CC, which the percentage of adequate depth and rate, was also significantly improved regardless medical backgrounds (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The use of real-time CPR feedback systems improves the quality of CC performed by individuals of all backgrounds, especially non-healthcare personnel. PAD with AED providing CPR feedback technologies may elevate the survival rate of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest and increase the likelihood of favorable outcomes.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Smartwatch Guidance for High-Quality Infant Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation: A Simulation Study

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 193
Author(s):  
Seong A Jeon ◽  
Hansol Chang ◽  
Sun Young Yoon ◽  
Nayeong Hwang ◽  
Kyunga Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽  
Simulation Study ◽  
Haptic Feedback ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Feedback System ◽  
Absolute Difference ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
P Value ◽  
Neurological Outcomes

Background and objectives: As in adults, the survival rates and neurological outcomes after infant Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) are closely related to the quality of resuscitation. This study aimed to demonstrate that using a smartwatch as a haptic feedback device increases the quality of infant CPR performed by medical professionals. Materials and methods: We designed a prospective, randomized, case-crossover simulation study. The participants (n = 36) were randomly allocated to two groups: control first group and smartwatch first group. Each CPR session consisted of 2 min of chest compressions (CCs) using the two-finger technique (TFT), 2 min of rest, and 2 min of CCs using the two-thumb encircling hands technique (TTHT). Results: The primary outcome was the variation in the “proportion of optimal chest compression duration” and “compression rate” between the smartwatch-assisted and non-smartwatch-assisted groups. The secondary outcome was the variation in the “compression depth” between two groups. The proportion of optimal CC duration was significantly higher in the smartwatch-assisted group than in the non-smartwatch-assisted group. The absolute difference from 220 was much smaller in the smartwatch-assisted group (218.02) than in the non-smartwatch-assisted group (226.59) (p-Value = 0.018). Conclusion: This study demonstrated the haptic feedback system using a smartwatch improves the quality of infant CPR by maintaining proper speed and depth regardless of the compression method used.

Role of Dominant Hand Position during Chest Compression by Novice Rescuers: An Observational Simulation Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 382-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ch Jo ◽  
Jh Ahn ◽  
Yd Shon ◽  
Gc Cho
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Chest Compression ◽  
Simulation Study ◽  
Hand Position ◽  
Dominant Hand ◽  
Cpr Training

Introduction The aim of this study was to determine the effect of hand positioning on the quality of external chest compression (ECC) by novice rescuers. Methods This observational simulation study was conducted for 117 included participants. After completion of an adult cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) training program for 3-h, the participants selected which of their hands would be in contact with the mannequin during ECC and performed 5 cycles of single rescuer CPR on a recording mannequin. The participants were assigned to 2 groups: the dominant hand group (DH; n=40) and the non-dominant hand group (NH; n=29). The depth and rate of ECC were analysed to compare the effectiveness of ECC between 2 groups. Results The rate of ECC was significantly faster in the DH group (mean, 117.3 ±11.4/min) than in the NH group (mean, 110.9±12.2/min) (p=0.028). However, the depth of ECC in the dominant hand group (mean, 52.4±5.9 mm) was not significantly different from that in the non-dominant hand group (mean, 50.8±6.0 mm) (p=0.287). Similarly, the portion of ECC with inadequate depth in the dominant hand group (mean, 1.8±4.3%) was not significantly different from that in the non-dominant hand group (mean, 5.3±15.6%) (p=0.252). Conclusions ECC can be performed with an acceptably higher rate of compressions when the dominant hand of the novice rescuer is placed in contact with the sternum. However, the position of the dominant hand does not affect the depth of ECC. (Hong Kong j.emerg.med. 2014;21:382-386)

scholarly journals Real-Time Primitives for CoAP: Extending the Use of IoT for Time Constraint Applications for Social Good

Proceedings ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (19) ◽  
pp. 1257
Author(s):  
Gabriel Eggly ◽  
Mariano Finochietto ◽  
Emmanouil Dimogerontakis ◽  
Rodrigo Santos ◽  
Javier Orozco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Wireless Sensors ◽  
Communication Protocols ◽  
Social Good ◽  
Vulnerable Communities ◽  
The Social

Internet of Things (IoT) have become a hot topic since the official introduction of IPv6. Research on Wireless Sensors Networks (WSN) move towards IoT as the communication platform and support provided by the TCP/UDP/IP stack provides a wide variety of services. The communication protocols need to be designed in such a way that even simple microcontrollers with small amount of memory and processing speed can be interconnected in a network. For this different protocols have been proposed. The most extended ones, MQTT and CoAP, represent two different paradigms. In this paper, we present a CoAP extension to support soft real-time communications among sensors, actuators and users. The extension facilitates the instrumentation of applications oriented to improve the quality of life of vulnerable communities contributing to the social good.

scholarly journals An Adaptive Bitrate Switching Algorithm for Speech Applications in Context of WebRTC

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Mohannad Alahmadi ◽  
Peter Pocta ◽  
Hugh Melvin
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Data Exchange ◽  
Quality Of Experience ◽  
End User ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Switching Algorithm ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Impact

Web Real-Time Communication (WebRTC) combines a set of standards and technologies to enable high-quality audio, video, and auxiliary data exchange in web browsers and mobile applications. It enables peer-to-peer multimedia sessions over IP networks without the need for additional plugins. The Opus codec, which is deployed as the default audio codec for speech and music streaming in WebRTC, supports a wide range of bitrates. This range of bitrates covers narrowband, wideband, and super-wideband up to fullband bandwidths. Users of IP-based telephony always demand high-quality audio. In addition to users’ expectation, their emotional state, content type, and many other psychological factors; network quality of service; and distortions introduced at the end terminals could determine their quality of experience. To measure the quality experienced by the end user for voice transmission service, the E-model standardized in the ITU-T Rec. G.107 (a narrowband version), ITU-T Rec. G.107.1 (a wideband version), and the most recent ITU-T Rec. G.107.2 extension for the super-wideband E-model can be used. In this work, we present a quality of experience model built on the E-model to measure the impact of coding and packet loss to assess the quality perceived by the end user in WebRTC speech applications. Based on the computed Mean Opinion Score, a real-time adaptive codec parameter switching mechanism is used to switch to the most optimum codec bitrate under the present network conditions. We present the evaluation results to show the effectiveness of the proposed approach when compared with the default codec configuration in WebRTC.

scholarly journals The Role of the Knowledge- Producing Sector in the Innovation Economy

2012 ◽  
pp. 184-189
Author(s):  
T. A. Drobyshevskya
Keyword(s):  
Innovation System ◽  
State Model ◽  
Quality Of Education ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Social State ◽  
Diffusion Of Knowledge ◽  
The Social ◽  
Innovation Economy

The article is dedicated to the role of the knowledge-producing sector for the development of innovation economy in Finland. History and structure of the Finnish innovation system, as well as main characters of knowledge-producing sector as a part of the system are in the center of investigation. The author comes to the conclusion that it was the social state model in Finland that made it possible to create the knowledge-producing sector able either to keep a high quality of education of all levels or to maintain a culture of networking diffusion of knowledge and innovation.

Abstract 2019: Untrained Volunteers Perform High Quality CPR When using an Automatic External Defibrillator with a CPR Voice Prompting Algorithm

Circulation ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 116 (suppl_16) ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin S Abella ◽  
Salem Kim ◽  
Alexandra Colombus ◽  
Cheryl L Shea ◽  
Lance B Becker
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Patient Outcomes ◽  
Chest Compression ◽  
Automatic External Defibrillator ◽  
Chest Compressions ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Cpr Training ◽  
Adult Volunteers ◽  
Improve Patient ◽  
External Defibrillator

Background: Recent investigations have demonstrated that CPR performance among trained providers can be improved by audiovisual prompting and real-time feedback, and higher quality CPR before defibrillation can improve shock success and has the potential to improve patient outcomes. Objective: We hypothesized that simplified voice prompts incorporated into an automatic external defibrillator (AED) can lead to improvements in CPR performance by untrained lay rescuers. Methods: Adult volunteers with no prior CPR training were assessed in their use of an AED with chest compression voice instructions and metronome prompts on a CPR-recording manikin. Volunteers were given minimal instructions regarding use of the device and were given no instructions regarding CPR performance. The AED was designed to prompt five cycles of 30 chest compressions between defibrillatory attempts. Chest compression rates and depths were measured via review of videotape and manikin recording data, respectively. Results: A total of 60 adults were assessed in their use of the AED, with a mean age of 33.6±12.8; 36/63 (57%) were female. Mean chest compression rate was 103±12 and mean depth was 37±14 mm. Furthermore, minimal decay in chest compression rates occurred over 5 cycles of chest compressions, with mean rate of 101±19 during the first cycle and 104±10 during the 5 th cycle. No volunteers were unable to use the AED or complete 5 cycles of chest compressions. Conclusions: Our work demonstrates that with appropriate real-time prompts delivered even in the absence of training or human coaching, laypersons can perform CPR that has a quality often similar to trained providers. This finding has important implications for AED design especially in light of the renewed importance of both CPR and the interaction of quality chest compressions and defibrillatory success.

scholarly journals Effect of real-time feedback during cardiopulmonary resuscitation training on quality of performances: A prospective cluster-randomized trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 187-196
Author(s):  
So Yeon Joyce Kong ◽  
Kyoung Jun Song ◽  
Sang Do Shin ◽  
Young Sun Ro ◽  
Helge Myklebust ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽  
Randomized Trial ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Cluster Randomized Trial ◽  
Group Model ◽  
Feedback Group ◽  
Resuscitation Training ◽  
Objective Feedback ◽  
Cluster Randomized

Background: The evidence supporting delivery of quality cardiopulmonary resuscitation is growing and significant attention has been focused on improving bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation education for laypeople. The aim of this randomized trial was to assess the effectiveness of instructor’s real-time objective feedback during cardiopulmonary resuscitation training compared to conventional feedback in terms of trainee’s cardiopulmonary resuscitation quality. Methods: We performed a cluster-randomized trial of community cardiopulmonary resuscitation training classes at Nowon District Health Community Center in Seoul. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation training classes were randomized into either intervention (instructor’s objective real-time feedback based on the QCPR Classroom device) or control (conventional, instructor’s judgment-based feedback) group. The primary outcome was total cardiopulmonary resuscitation score, which is an overall measure of chest compression quality. Secondary outcomes were individual cardiopulmonary resuscitation performance parameters, including compression rate, depth, and release. Generalized linear mixed models were used to analyze the outcome data, accounting for both random and fixed effects. Results: A total of 149 training sessions (2613 trainees) were randomized into 70 intervention (1262 trainees) and 79 control (1351 trainees) groups. Trainees in the QCPR feedback group significantly increased overall cardiopulmonary resuscitation score performance compared with those in the conventional feedback group (model-based mean Δ increment from baseline to session 5: 11.2 (95% confidence interval 9.2–13.2) and 8.0 (6.0–9.9), respectively; p = 0.02). Individual parameters of compression depth and release also showed higher improvement among trainees in QCPR group with positive trends (p < 0.08 for both). Conclusion: This randomized trial suggests beneficial effect of instructor’s real-time objective feedback on the quality of layperson’s cardiopulmonary resuscitation performance.

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