scholarly journals Electrochemical Synthesis of Nano-Sized Silicon from KCl–K2SiF6 Melts for Powerful Lithium-Ion Batteries

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (22) ◽  
pp. 10927
Author(s):  
Timofey Gevel ◽  
Sergey Zhuk ◽  
Natalia Leonova ◽  
Anastasia Leonova ◽  
Alexey Trofimov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Coulombic Efficiency ◽  
Reference Electrode ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Capacity Retention ◽  
Electrolytic Production ◽  
Energy Characteristics ◽  
Energy Devices ◽  
Nanoscale Fibers ◽  
Silicon Based

Currently, silicon and silicon-based composite materials are widely used in microelectronics and solar energy devices. At the same time, silicon in the form of nanoscale fibers and various particles morphology is required for lithium-ion batteries with increased capacity. In this work, we studied the electrolytic production of nanosized silicon from low-fluoride KCl–K2SiF6 and KCl–K2SiF6–SiO2 melts. The effect of SiO2 addition on the morphology and composition of electrolytic silicon deposits was studied under the conditions of potentiostatic electrolysis (cathode overvoltage of 0.1, 0.15, and 0.25 V vs. the potential of a quasi-reference electrode). The obtained silicon deposits were separated from the electrolyte residues, analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and spectral analysis, and then used to fabricate a composite Si/C anode for a lithium-ion battery. The energy characteristics of the manufactured anode half-cells were measured by the galvanostatic cycling method. Cycling revealed better capacity retention and higher coulombic efficiency of the Si/C composite based on silicon synthesized from KCl–K2SiF6–SiO2 melt. After 15 cycles at 200 mA·g−1, material obtained at 0.15 V overvoltage demonstrates capacity of 850 mAh·g−1.

Core–shell Si/Cu nanocomposites synthesized by self-limiting surface reaction as anodes for lithium ion batteries

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (03) ◽  
pp. 1750025 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaiqi Xu ◽  
Zhizhen Zhang ◽  
Wei Su ◽  
Xuejie Huang
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Surface Reaction ◽  
Coulombic Efficiency ◽  
Electronic Conductivity ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Core Shell ◽  
Cu Nanoparticles ◽  
Capacity Retention ◽  
First Time ◽  
Limiting Surface

Core–shell Si/Cu nanocomposites were synthesized via a flexible self-limiting surface reaction without extra reductant for the first time. The nano Si was uniformly coated with Cu nanoparticles with a diameter of 5–10[Formula: see text]nm, which can enhance the electronic conductivity of the nanocomposites and buffer the huge volume change during charge/discharge owing to its high ductility. Benefited from the unique structure, the Si/Cu nanocomposites exhibited a good electrochemical performance as anodes for lithium ion batteries, which exhibited a capacity retention of 656[Formula: see text]mAh/g after 50 cycles and a coulombic efficiency of more than 99%.

Free-standing nitrogen doped V-O-C nanofiber film as promising electrode for flexible lithium-ion batteries

RSC Advances ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (92) ◽  
pp. 51062-51066 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xia Chen ◽  
Yujing Sha ◽  
Rui Cai ◽  
Moses O. Tade ◽  
Zongping Shao
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Coulombic Efficiency ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Carbon Films ◽  
Free Standing ◽  
Capacity Retention ◽  
Nitrogen Doped ◽  
Discharge Capacitance ◽  
Nanofiber Film ◽  
Co Doped

Highly flexible vanadium and nitrogen co-doped carbon films were synthesized by electrospinning, delivering an outstanding discharge capacitance of 1380 mA h g−1 at 0.1 A g−1. The Coulombic efficiency was as high as 63.3% and a capacity retention ratio of 80% was obtained after cycling at 6.4 A g−1 for 500 times.

scholarly journals Silicon/Biogas-Derived Carbon Nanofibers Composites for Anodes of Lithium-Ion Batteries

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Ignacio Cameán ◽  
Nuria Cuesta ◽  
Alberto Ramos ◽  
Ana B. García
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Carbon Nanofibers ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Coulombic Efficiency ◽  
Specific Capacity ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Capacity Retention ◽  
Cutoff Voltage ◽  
Anode Degradation

The electrochemical performance of novel nano-silicon/biogas-derived carbon nanofibers composites (nSi/BCNFs) as anodes in lithium-ion batteries was investigated, focusing on composition and galvanostatic cycling conditions. The optimization of these variables contributes to reduce the stress associated with silicon lithiation/delithiation by accommodating/controlling the volume changes, thus preventing anode degradation and therefore improving its performance regarding capacity and stability. Specific capacities up to 520 mAh g−1 with coulombic efficiency > 95% and 94% of capacity retention are achieved for nSi/BCNFs anodes at electric current density of 100/200 mA g−1 and low cutoff voltage of 80 mV. Among the BCNFs, those no-graphitized with fishbone microstructure, which have a great number of active sites to interact with nSi particles, are the best carbon matrices. Specifically, a nSi:BCNFs 1:1 weight ratio in the composite is the optimal, since it allows a compromise between a suitable specific capacity, which is higher than that of graphitic materials currently commercialized for LIBs, and an acceptable capacity retention along cycling. Low cutoff voltage in the 80–100 mV range is the most suitable for the cycling of nSi/BCNFs anodes because it avoids formation of the highest lithiated phase (Li15Si4) and therefore the complete silicon lithiation, which leads to electrode damage.

scholarly journals Progress of Binder Structures in Silicon-Based Anodes for Advanced Lithium-Ion Batteries: A Mini Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenqiang Zhu ◽  
Junjian Zhou ◽  
Shuang Xiang ◽  
Xueting Bian ◽  
Jiang Yin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Coulombic Efficiency ◽  
Specific Capacity ◽  
Conductive Polymer ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Commercial Application ◽  
Electrochemical Performances ◽  
Silicon Anodes ◽  
Silicon Based

Silicon (Si) has been counted as the most promising anode material for next-generation lithium-ion batteries, owing to its high theoretical specific capacity, safety, and high natural abundance. However, the commercial application of silicon anodes is hindered by its huge volume expansions, poor conductivity, and low coulombic efficiency. For the anode manufacture, binders play an important role of binding silicon materials, current collectors, and conductive agents, and the binder structure can significantly affect the mechanical durability, adhesion, ionic/electronic conductivities, and solid electrolyte interface (SEI) stability of the silicon anodes. Moreover, many cross-linked binders are effective in alleviating the volume expansions of silicon nanosized even microsized anodic materials along with maintaining the anode integrity and stable electrochemical performances. This mini review comprehensively summarizes various binders based on their structures, including the linear, branched, three-dimensional (3D) cross-linked, conductive polymer, and other hybrid binders. The mechanisms how various binder structures influence the performances of the silicon anodes, the limitations, and prospects of different hybrid binders are also discussed. This mini review can help in designing hybrid polymer binders and facilitating the practical application of silicon-based anodes with high electrochemical activity and long-term stability.

Electrolytes for advanced lithium ion batteries using silicon-based anodes

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (16) ◽  
pp. 9432-9446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhixin Xu ◽  
Jun Yang ◽  
Hongping Li ◽  
Yanna Nuli ◽  
Jiulin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Recent Progress ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Silicon Based

Recent progress in electrolytes from the liquid to the solid state for Si-based anodes is comprehensively summarized in this review article.

scholarly journals Challenges and Recent Progress on Silicon‐Based Anode Materials for Next‐Generation Lithium‐Ion Batteries

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 2170015
Author(s):  
Chengzhi Zhang ◽  
Fei Wang ◽  
Jian Han ◽  
Shuo Bai ◽  
Jun Tan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Anode Materials ◽  
Recent Progress ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Silicon Based

scholarly journals Dealloying-Derived Nanoporous Cu6Sn5 Alloy as Stable Anode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (15) ◽  
pp. 4348
Author(s):  
Chi Zhang ◽  
Zheng Wang ◽  
Yu Cui ◽  
Xuyao Niu ◽  
Mei Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Anode Materials ◽  
Coulombic Efficiency ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Specific Area ◽  
Cycling Performance ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Li Ion ◽  
Xrd Patterns ◽  
Cu6sn5 Alloy

The volume expansion during Li ion insertion/extraction remains an obstacle for the application of Sn-based anode in lithium ion-batteries. Herein, the nanoporous (np) Cu6Sn5 alloy and Cu6Sn5/Sn composite were applied as a lithium-ion battery anode. The as-dealloyed np-Cu6Sn5 has an ultrafine ligament size of 40 nm and a high BET-specific area of 15.9 m2 g−1. The anode shows an initial discharge capacity as high as 1200 mA h g−1, and it remains a capacity of higher than 600 mA h g−1 for the initial five cycles at 0.1 A g−1. After 100 cycles, the anode maintains a stable capacity higher than 200 mA h g−1 for at least 350 cycles, with outstanding Coulombic efficiency. The ex situ XRD patterns reveal the reverse phase transformation between Cu6Sn5 and Li2CuSn. The Cu6Sn5/Sn composite presents a similar cycling performance with a slightly inferior rate performance compared to np-Cu6Sn5. The study demonstrates that dealloyed nanoporous Cu6Sn5 alloy could be a promising candidate for lithium-ion batteries.

FEC-LiTFSI-Pyr1ATFSI Ionic Liquid Electrolyte to Improve Low Temperature Performance of Lithium-Ion Batteries

2014 ◽  
Vol 986-987 ◽  
pp. 80-83
Author(s):  
Xiao Xue Zhang ◽  
Zhen Feng Wang ◽  
Cui Hua Li ◽  
Jian Hong Liu ◽  
Qian Ling Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Freezing Point ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Liquid Electrolyte ◽  
Capacity Retention ◽  
Composite Electrolyte ◽  
Ionic Liquid Electrolyte ◽  
Fluoroethylene Carbonate

N-methyl-N-allylpyrrolidinium bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide (PYR1ATFSI) with substantial supercooling behavior is synthesized to develop low temperature electrolyte for lithium-ion batteries. Additive fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) in LiTFSI/PYR1ATFSI/EC/PC/EMC is found that it can reduce the freezing point. LiFePO4/Li coin cells with the FEC-PYR1ATFSI electrolyte exhibit good capacity retention, reversible cycling behavior at low temperatures. The good performance can be attributed to the decrease in the freezing point and the polarization of the composite electrolyte.

SiO2@NiO core–shell nanocomposites as high performance anode materials for lithium-ion batteries

RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (77) ◽  
pp. 63012-63016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yourong Wang ◽  
Wei Zhou ◽  
Liping Zhang ◽  
Guangsen Song ◽  
Siqing Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Anode Materials ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Coulombic Efficiency ◽  
Rate Capability ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Cycling Stability ◽  
Core Shell ◽  
Excellent Cycling Stability

A SiO2@NiO core–shell electrode exhibits almost 100% coulombic efficiency, excellent cycling stability and rate capability after the first few cycles.

Research Progress and Application of Modified Silicon-Based Anode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries

2021 ◽  
Vol 1036 ◽  
pp. 35-44
Author(s):  
Ling Fang Ruan ◽  
Jia Wei Wang ◽  
Shao Ming Ying
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Performance ◽  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Volume Expansion ◽  
Anode Materials ◽  
Active Material ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Ion Intercalation ◽  
Silicon Based

Silicon-based anode materials have been widely discussed by researchers because of its high theoretical capacity, abundant resources and low working voltage platform,which has been considered to be the most promising anode materials for lithium-ion batteries. However,there are some problems existing in the silicon-based anode materials greatly limit its wide application: during the process of charge/discharge, the materials are prone to about 300% volume expansion, which will resultin huge stress-strain and crushing or collapse on the anods; in the process of lithium removal, there is some reaction between active material and current collector, which creat an increase in the thickness of the solid phase electrolytic layer(SEI film); during charging and discharging, with the increase of cycle times, cracks will appear on the surface of silicon-based anode materials, which will cause the batteries life to decline. In order to solve these problems, firstly, we summarize the design of porous structure of nanometer sized silicon-based materials and focus on the construction of three-dimensional structural silicon-based materials, which using natural biomass, nanoporous carbon and metal organic framework as structural template. The three-dimensional structure not only increases the channel of lithium-ion intercalation and the rate of ion intercalation, but also makes the structure more stable than one-dimensional or two-dimensional. Secondly, the Si/C composite, SiOx composite and alloying treatment can improve the volume expansion effection, increase the rate of lithium-ion deblocking and optimize the electrochemical performance of the material. The composite materials are usually coated with elastic conductive materials on the surface to reduce the stress, increase the conductivity and improve the electrochemical performance. Finally, the future research direction of silicon-based anode materials is prospected.

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