scholarly journals Novel Bionanocellulose/κ-Carrageenan Composites for Tissue Engineering

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 1352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Izabela Cielecka ◽  
Marcin Szustak ◽  
Edyta Gendaszewska-Darmach ◽  
Halina Kalinowska ◽  
Małgorzata Ryngajłło ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Chondrogenic Differentiation ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Swelling Properties ◽  
In Situ Method ◽  
Chondrogenic Phenotype ◽  
The Impact ◽  
First Time ◽  
Water Holding

In this work, novel bacterial cellulose/κ-carrageenan (BNC/κ-Car) composites, being potential scaffolds for tissue engineering (TE), and outperforming the two polymers when used as scaffolds separately, were for the first time obtained using an in situ method, based on the stationary culture of bacteria Komagateibacter xylinus E25. The composites were compared with native BNC in terms of the morphology of fibers, chemical composition, crystallinity, tensile and compression strength, water holding capacity, water retention ratio and swelling properties. Murine chondrogenic ATDC5 cells were applied to assess the utility of the BNC/κ-Car composites as potential scaffolds. The impact of the composites on the cells viability, chondrogenic differentiation, and expression patterns of Col1α1, Col2α1, Runx2, and Sox9, which are indicative of ATDC5 chondrogenic differentiation, was determined. None of the composites obtained in this study caused the chondrocyte hypertrophy. All of them supported the differentiation of ATDC5 cells to more chondrogenic phenotype.

scholarly journals Swelling behavior of unsaturated claystone/ bentonite mixtures

2020 ◽  
Vol 195 ◽  
pp. 04011
Author(s):  
Marvin Middelhoff ◽  
Olivier Cuisinier ◽  
Farimah Masrouri ◽  
Jean Talandier ◽  
Nathalie Conil
Keyword(s):  
Water Retention ◽  
Experimental Program ◽  
Dry Density ◽  
Swelling Properties ◽  
Rock Formations ◽  
Backfill Materials ◽  
Retention Characteristics ◽  
Collapse Behavior ◽  
The Impact

This laboratory experimental program investigated the impact of variations in the expansive mineral content, the grain size distribution of employed bentonite, the initial dry density and the selected hydration path on the water retention characteristics and swelling properties of processed Callovo-Oxfordian claystone and its mixtures with MX80 bentonite. The French reference concept for the disposal of nuclear waste in deep sedimentary rock formations envisages the reemployment of excavated material as backfill material, which is installed in situ by means of conventional compaction techniques. The investigations were of special interest as the major issues involving in situ compacted backfill materials were portrayed. Experiments showed that the impact of variations in the dry density on the water retention characteristics of all materials vanished as suctions exceeded 100 MPa. The negligible impact of variations in the initial dry density on the collapse behavior of claystone/ bentonite mixtures remained questionable.

Propagation of Regular HCl Acids in Carbonate Rocks: The Impact of an In Situ Gelled Acid Stage

2011 ◽  
Vol 133 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed M. Gomaa ◽  
Hisham A. Nasr-El-Din
Keyword(s):  
Material Balance ◽  
Chemical Species ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Injection Rate ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Impact ◽  
First Time ◽  
Recent Laboratory ◽  
Injection Rates

Recent laboratory and field studies indicated that polymer-based in situ gelled acids can cause formation damage. Coreflood experiments using single-stage and multistage acids were conducted at 250 °F. 15 wt. % regular HCl and 5 wt. % in situ gelled acid-based on Fe(III) as a crosslinker were the acids that were used in this study. Propagation of acids and crosslinker inside 20 in. long cores was examined for the first time in detail. Stage volume and injection rate, which were the parameters that affect the propagating of various chemical species, were examined. Samples of the core effluent were collected and the concentrations of calcium, crosslinker, and acid were measured. Material balance was conducted to determine the amount of cross-liker that retained in the core. The results show that in situ gelled acid should be pumped at low injection rates. In situ gelled acid at low injection rate instantaneously plugged the tip of the wormhole and did not create additional wormholes inside the core. Therefore, when the final regular acid stage bypassed the gel, it started to propagate from nearly the last point that the first stage ended. In site gelled acid stage volume should not exceed 0.5 PV. No benefits were gained by increasing the volume of in situ gelled acids. Retention of total iron in the core increased in multistage acid treatments, especially at low acid injection rates.

scholarly journals Spatiotemporal characterization of periocular mesenchyme heterogeneity during anterior segment development

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristyn L. Van Der Meulen ◽  
Oliver Vöcking ◽  
Megan L. Weaver ◽  
Jakub K. Famulski
Keyword(s):  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Anterior Segment ◽  
Critical Event ◽  
Transgenic Zebrafish ◽  
Anterior Segment Dysgenesis ◽  
Heterogenous Population ◽  
First Time

ABSTRACTEstablishment of the ocular anterior segment (AS) is a critical event during development of the vertebrate visual system. Failure in this process leads to Anterior Segment Dysgenesis (ASD), which is characterized by congenital blindness and predisposition to glaucoma. The anterior segment is largely formed via a neural crest-derived population, the Periocular Mesenchyme (POM). In this study, we aimed to characterize POM behaviors and identities during zebrafish AS development. POM distributions and migratory dynamics were analyzed using transgenic zebrafish embryos (Tg[foxC1b:GFP], Tg[foxD3:GFP], Tg[pitx2:GFP], Tg[lmx1b.1:GFP], and Tg[sox10:GFP] throughout the course of early AS development (24-72hpf). In vivo imaging analysis revealed unique AS distribution and migratory behavior among the reporter lines, suggesting AS mesenchyme (ASM) is a heterogenous population. This was confirmed using double in situ hybridization. Furthermore, we generated ASM transcriptomic profiles from our reporter lines and using a four-way comparison analysis uncovered unique ASM subpopulation expression patterns. Taken together, our data reveal for the first time that AS-associated POM is not homogeneous but rather comprised of several unique subpopulations identifiable by their distributions, behaviors, and transcriptomic profiles.

Preparation of high performance perovskite-sensitized nanoporous titanium dioxide photoanodes by in situ method for use in perovskite solar cells

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (39) ◽  
pp. 16531-16537 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaoming Xiao ◽  
Gaoyi Han ◽  
Yanping Li ◽  
Miaoyu Li ◽  
Yunzhen Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Solar Cells ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Perovskite Solar Cells ◽  
In Situ Method ◽  
First Time ◽  
Nanoporous Titanium Dioxide

A high performance Perovskite-sensitized nanoporous TiO2photoanode is prepared for the first time by anin situtechnique for use in perovskite solar cells; potentially improving their efficency.

Expression Patterns of RNAs for Amelin and Amelogenin in Developing Rat Molars and Incisors

1996 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.D. Fong ◽  
L. Hammarström ◽  
C. Lundmark ◽  
T. Wurtz ◽  
I. Slaby
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Paraffin Sections ◽  
Hybridization Procedure ◽  
Whole Mount ◽  
First Time ◽  
Developing Rat ◽  
Rat Molars ◽  
Oral Epithelia

We have recently identified a novel RNA sequence in ameloblasts, coding for amelin (Cerny et al., 1996). In the present paper, its expression has been compared with that of amelogenin in developing incisors and molars of rats, by means of in situ hybridization of paraffin sections. The RNAs for both amelin and amelogenin were highly expressed in secretory ameloblasts. The expression of RNA for amelogenin gradually decreased in the post-secretory ameloblasts. In contrast, the RNA expression for amelin remained high in post-secretory ameloblasts up to the stage of fusion between dental and oral epithelia at the time of tooth eruption. We suggest that amelin might be involved in the mineralization of enamel or in the attachment of ameloblasts to the enamel surface. The whole-mount in situ hybridization procedure is described for the first time in dental research. It proved to be a useful method and confirmed the results of the conventional in situ hybridization.

scholarly journals 2.1.2 Preliminary Results of the Micrometeoroid Experiment on Board Helios A

1976 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 159-163
Author(s):  
E. Grün ◽  
J. Kissel ◽  
H. Fechtig ◽  
P. Gammelin ◽  
H.-J. Hoffmann
Keyword(s):  
Interplanetary Dust ◽  
Strong Increase ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Impact Rate ◽  
M 10 ◽  
Large Particles ◽  
The Impact ◽  
First Time ◽  
Measured Particle

AbstractFor the first time in situ measurements of interplanetary dust have been performed between 0.3 AU and 1 AU from the sun by the micrometeoroid experiment on board Helios A. The measured particle masses are between 10−15 g and 10−8 g and their measured speeds are between 2 km/sec and 20 km/sec. Particle impacts are identified by the time-of-flight spectra of the ions released upon impact. 15 large particles (m ≥ 10−12 g) were detected from Dec. 15, 1974 to Sept. 5, 1975. They show a strong increase of the impact rate (appr. a factor of 10) between 1 AU and 0.3 AU. The directions from which they impacted the sensor are concentrated between the solar direction and the apex direction of the Helios spacecraft.

scholarly journals Summertime total OH reactivity measurements from boreal forest during HUMPPA-COPEC 2010

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (17) ◽  
pp. 8257-8270 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. C. Nölscher ◽  
J. Williams ◽  
V. Sinha ◽  
T. Custer ◽  
W. Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Boreal Forest ◽  
Forest Canopy ◽  
Marked Change ◽  
Reactive Species ◽  
Organic Precursor ◽  
The Impact ◽  
First Time ◽  
Comparative Reactivity

Abstract. Ambient total OH reactivity was measured at the Finnish boreal forest station SMEAR II in Hyytiälä (Latitude 61°51' N; Longitude 24°17' E) in July and August 2010 using the Comparative Reactivity Method (CRM). The CRM – total OH reactivity method – is a direct, in-situ determination of the total loss rate of hydroxyl radicals (OH) caused by all reactive species in air. During the intensive field campaign HUMPPA-COPEC 2010 (Hyytiälä United Measurements of Photochemistry and Particles in Air – Comprehensive Organic Precursor Emission and Concentration study) the total OH reactivity was monitored both inside (18 m) and directly above the forest canopy (24 m) for the first time. The comparison between these two total OH reactivity measurements, absolute values and the temporal variation have been analyzed here. Stable boundary layer conditions during night and turbulent mixing in the daytime induced low and high short-term variability, respectively. The impact on total OH reactivity from biogenic emissions and associated photochemical products was measured under "normal" and "stressed" (i.e. prolonged high temperature) conditions. The advection of biomass burning emissions to the site caused a marked change in the total OH reactivity vertical profile. By comparing the OH reactivity contribution from individually measured compounds and the directly measured total OH reactivity, the size of any unaccounted for or "missing" sink can be deduced for various atmospheric influences. For "normal" boreal conditions a missing OH reactivity of 58%, whereas for "stressed" boreal conditions a missing OH reactivity of 89% was determined. Various sources of not quantified OH reactive species are proposed as possible explanation for the high missing OH reactivity.

scholarly journals Annelids win again: the first evidence of Hox antisense transcription in Spiralia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena L. Novikova ◽  
Nadezhda I. Bakalenko ◽  
Milana A. Kulakova
Keyword(s):  
Hox Genes ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Antisense Transcription ◽  
Antisense Transcripts ◽  
Platynereis Dumerilii ◽  
Non Coding Rnas ◽  
And Control ◽  
First Time ◽  
Hox Clusters

AbstractTo date it is becoming more and more obvious that multiple non-coding RNAs, once considered to be transcriptional noise, play a huge role in gene regulation during animal ontogenesis. Hox genes are key regulators of embryonic development, growth and regeneration of all bilaterian animals. It was shown that mammalian Hox loci are transcribed in both directions and noncoding RNAs maintain and control the normal functioning of Hox clusters. We revealed antisense transcripts of most of Hox genes in two lophotrochozoans, errant annelids Alitta virens and Platynereis dumerilii. It is for the first time when non-coding RNAs associated with Hox genes are found in spiralian animals. All these asRNAs can be referred to as natural antisense transcripts (NATs). We analyzed the expression of all detected NATs using sense probes to their Hox mRNAs during larval and postlarval development and regeneration by whole mount in situ hybridization (WMISH). We managed to clone several asRNAs (Avi-antiHox4-1, Avi-antiHox4-2 and Avi-antiHox5) of these annelids and analyzed their expression patterns as well. Our data indicate variable and complicated interplay between sense and antisense Hox transcripts during development and growth of two annelids. The presence of Hox antisense transcription in the representatives of different bilaterian clades (mammals, myriapods and annelids) and similar expression relationships in sense-antisense pairs suggest that this can be the ancestral feature of Hox cluster regulation.

scholarly journals Summertime total OH reactivity measurements from boreal forest during HUMPPA-COPEC 2010

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 7419-7452 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. C. Nölscher ◽  
J. Williams ◽  
V. Sinha ◽  
T. Custer ◽  
W. Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Boreal Forest ◽  
Forest Canopy ◽  
Marked Change ◽  
Reactive Species ◽  
Organic Precursor ◽  
The Impact ◽  
First Time ◽  
Comparative Reactivity

Abstract. Ambient total OH reactivity was measured at the Finnish boreal forest station SMEAR II in Hyytiälä (Latitude 61°51' N; Longitude 24°17' E) in July and August 2010 using the Comparative Reactivity Method (CRM). The CRM – total OH reactivity method – is a direct, in-situ determination of the total loss rate of hydroxyl radicals (OH) caused by all reactive species in air. During the intensive field campaign HUMPPA-COPEC 2010 (Hyytiälä United Measurements of Photochemistry and Particles in Air – Comprehensive Organic Precursor Emission and Concentration study) the total OH reactivity was monitored both inside (18 m) and directly above the forest canopy (24 m) for the first time. The comparison between these two total OH reactivity measurements, absolute values and the temporal variation have been analyzed here. Stable boundary layer conditions during night and turbulent mixing in the daytime induced low and high short-term variability, respectively. The impact on total OH reactivity from biogenic emissions and associated photochemical products was measured under "normal" and "stressed" (i.e. prolonged high temperature) conditions. The advection of biomass burning emissions to the site caused a marked change in the total OH reactivity vertical profile. By comparing the OH reactivity contribution from individually measured compounds and the directly measured total OH reactivity, the size of any unaccounted for or "missing" sink can be deduced for various atmospheric influences. For "normal" boreal conditions a missing OH reactivity of 58%, whereas for "stressed" boreal conditions a missing OH reactivity of 89% was determined. Various sources of not quantified OH reactive species are proposed as possible explanation for the high missing OH reactivity.

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