scholarly journals Sub-Wavelength Scale Si Inverted Pyramid Fabrication with Enhanced Size Control by Using Silica Sphere Lithography Technique

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 1720
Author(s):  
Jea-Young Choi ◽  
Christiana Honsberg
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Size Control ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Fabrication Process ◽  
Silica Sphere ◽  
Inverted Pyramid ◽  
Great Uniformity ◽  
Monolayer Coverage ◽  
Lithography Technique

In this paper, we present a novel silicon (Si) subwavelength-scale surface structure (SWSS) fabrication process using the silica sphere (SS) lithography technique, which allows controllable geometries. The process involves a new cost-effective solvent-controlled spin-coating method that deposits SS on large Si surface areas with enhanced SS monolayer coverage and uniformity compared to conventional methods. The larger areas and rapid, low cost processing allow colloidal sphere lithography to be realistically used for solar cells. We successfully demonstrate 1.57 μm diameter SS on a 2-inch round Si wafer with more than 95% SS monolayer coverage and great uniformity. Using these deposited SS, a SWSS fabrication process was designed and successfully demonstrated Si inverted pyramid structures with dimension on the order of 1.1 μm, thus potentially providing a new technique for effective light-management of thin crystalline Si solar cells.

scholarly journals Sustainable Organic Dyes from Winemaking Lees for Photoelectrochemical Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 2149
Author(s):  
Manuel Meneghetti ◽  
Aldo Talon ◽  
Elti Cattaruzza ◽  
Emilio Celotti ◽  
Elisabetta Bellantuono ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Organic Dyes ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Dye Sensitized Solar Cells ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Simulated Solar Light ◽  
Dye Sensitized ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Conversion Efficiencies ◽  
Sensitized Solar Cells

During the last two decades, Dye Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSCs) have received a great deal of attention as a promising, low-cost alternative to conventional silicon photovoltaic devices. Natural dye molecules can be used as a sensitizer for their low cost, good light absorbance, easy preparation process, and biodegradability. In this study, dyes were obtained from wine lees, the last by-product of winemaking process, supplied by a venetian winery (Italy). Polyphenols, like tannins and anthocyanins, which were extracted from winemaking lees, were adsorbed on a nanostructured ordered mesoporous titanium dioxide, previously treated at different temperatures (400–600 °C). Both dyes and titania semiconductor samples were studied with different techniques. The tests were carried out on prototypes to evaluate the cell power and the photocurrent generated under simulated solar light irradiation. The obtained solar energy conversion efficiencies are comparable to those that were reported in literature by using organic dyes extracted from vegetables, fruits, and plants. It is significant that these dyes are largely available and cost effective, since recovered from a waste otherwise to be disposed of, opening up a perspective of feasibility for inexpensive and environmentally friendly dye solar cells to generate green electricity and transforming agri-food waste into a resource.

scholarly journals Novel cost-effective acceptor:P3HT based organic solar cells exhibiting the highest ever reported industrial readiness factor

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 658-665
Author(s):  
Thomas Rieks Andersen ◽  
Anne Therese Weyhe ◽  
Qiang Tao ◽  
Feng Zhao ◽  
Ran Qin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Organic Solar Cells ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Electricity Production

Novel acceptor enhances the industrial readiness of solution based organic solar cells for low-cost electricity production.

Plastic Soda Bottles: A Reusable Material for Making Transradial Sockets

2009 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yeongchi Wu ◽  
Hector R. Casanova ◽  
Andrea J. Ikeda
Keyword(s):  
Assistive Technology ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Fabrication Process ◽  
Potential Cost ◽  
Functional Activities ◽  
Hand Prosthesis ◽  
Light Duty ◽  
Resource Limited

This paper describes a new fabrication process for making low-cost transradial sockets using recyclable plastic soda bottles. Easy, fast, and inexpensive to fabricate, the resulting socket can be used as a temporary device for stump care. Multiple sockets can be made and individually incorporated with various terminal devices for light-duty self-care or functional activities, such as feeding, showering, typing, swimming, or gardening. The formed socket is lightweight and also suitable for use with a cosmetic passive hand prosthesis. This process has been developed as a potential cost-effective assistive technology appropriate for individuals with transradial amputation in resource-limited countries.

A novel and cost effective CZTS hole transport material applied in perovskite solar cells

CrystEngComm ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (47) ◽  
pp. 7677-7687 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siddhant B. Patel ◽  
Amar H. Patel ◽  
Jignasa V. Gohel
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Perovskite Solar Cells ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Hole Transport ◽  
Ambient Condition ◽  
Nano Particles

CZTS nano-particles are synthesized under ambient condition and applied as low-cost and sustainable inorganic HTM in Perovskite solar cells.

Topical Review: Pathways toward cost-effective single-junction III-V solar cells

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vidur Raj ◽  
Tuomas Haggren ◽  
Wei Wen Wong ◽  
Hark Hoe Tan ◽  
Chennupati Jagadish
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Device Fabrication ◽  
Topical Review ◽  
Current State ◽  
Cost Growth ◽  
Subsequent Discussion ◽  
Bandgap Semiconductors ◽  
The Cost

Abstract III-V semiconductors such as InP and GaAs are direct bandgap semiconductors with significantly higher absorption compared to silicon. The high absorption allows for the fabrication of thin/ultra-thin solar cells, which in turn permits for the realization of lightweight, flexible, and highly efficient solar cells that can be used in many applications where rigidity and weight are an issue, such as electric vehicles, the internet of things, space technologies, remote lighting, portable electronics, etc. However, their cost is significantly higher than silicon solar cells, making them restrictive for widespread applications. Nonetheless, they remain pivotal for the continuous development of photovoltaics. Therefore, there has been a continuous worldwide effort to reduce the cost of III-V solar cells substantially. This topical review summarises current research efforts in III-V growth and device fabrication to overcome the cost barriers of III-V solar cells. We start the review with a cost analysis of the current state-of-art III-V solar cells followed by a subsequent discussion on low-cost growth techniques, substrate reuse, and emerging device technologies. We conclude the review emphasizing that to substantially reduce the cost-related challenges of III-V photovoltaics, low-cost growth technologies need to be combined synergistically with new substrate reuse techniques and innovative device designs.

Figuring of Aspherical Metal Mirror Substrate for Neutron Focusing by Numerically Controlled Electrochemical Machining

2012 ◽  
Vol 523-524 ◽  
pp. 29-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takaaki Tabata ◽  
Mikinori Nagano ◽  
Dai Yamazaki ◽  
Ryuji Maruyama ◽  
Kazuhiko Soyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neutron Beam ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Electrochemical Machining ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Chromatic Aberration ◽  
Fabrication Process ◽  
Proton Accelerator ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Accelerator Facility ◽  
Aspherical Mirror

Neutron beam generated by high intensity proton accelerator facility is powerful tool to investigate characteristics of soft and hard materials. However, neutron beam is not major tool for material science since intensity of neutron beam is very weak compared to that of X-rays. Neutron focusing device is required to increase in intensity of neutron beam. Aspherical supermirror is effective for neutron focusing with wide wavelength range without chromatic aberration. In this research, we proposed a fabrication process for large and cost-effective aspherical mirror substrate made of aluminum alloy because metal can be figured coarsely at low cost by using conventional machining. The mirror fabrication process proposed by us consists of grinding for coarse figuring, numerically controlled electrochemical machining (NC-ECM) to correct objective shape with form accuracy of sub-micrometer level and low-pressure polishing to decrease in surface roughness to sub-nanometer level. In the case of figure correction of the mirror substrate by NC-ECM, deterministic correction is realized because NC-ECM is a non-contact electrochemical removal process for metal materials, without workpiece deformation. In this paper, we report fundamental machining characteristics of ECM, which uses electrode with a diameter of 10 mm and NaNO3 electrolyte.

scholarly journals Nitrogen-doped carbon and iron carbide nanocomposites as cost-effective counter electrodes of dye-sensitized solar cells

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (13) ◽  
pp. 4676-4681 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongxia Xu ◽  
Chuanjian Zhang ◽  
Zaiwei Wang ◽  
Shuping Pang ◽  
Xinhong Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Iron Carbide ◽  
Dye Sensitized Solar Cells ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Counter Electrodes ◽  
Nitrogen Doped ◽  
Dye Sensitized ◽  
Nitrogen Doped Carbon ◽  
Sensitized Solar Cells

The hierarchical nanocomposites (Fe3C@N–C) of iron carbide encaged in nitrogen-doped carbon counter electrode were fabricated for low-cost, highly efficient dye-sensitized solar cells.

scholarly journals Potential challenges and approaches to develop the large area efficient monolithic perovskite solar cells (mPSCs)

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (23) ◽  
pp. 20320-20329
Author(s):  
Arti Mishra ◽  
Zubair Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Architectural Design ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Perovskite Solar Cells ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Large Area ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Future Direction ◽  
Industrial Scale Production

Abstract The next generation technologies based on perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are targeted to develop a true low cost, low tech, widely deployable, easily manufactured and reliable photovoltaics. After the extremely fast evolution in the last few years on the laboratory-scale, PSCs power conversion efficiency (PCE) reached over 24%. However, the widespread use of PSCs requires addressing the stability and industrial scale production issues. Carbon based monolithic perovskite solar cells (mPSCs) are one of the most promising candidates for the commercialization of the PSCs. mPSCs possess a unique architectural design and pave an easy way to produce large area and cost-effective fabrication of the PSCs. In this article, recent progress in the field of mPSCs, challenges and strategies for their improvement are briefly reviewed. Also, we focus on the predominant implementations of recent techniques in the fabrication of the mPSCs to improve their performance. This review is intended to serve as a future direction guide for the scientists who are looking forward to developing more reliable, cost-effective and large area PSCs.

Hydrothermally processed CuCrO2 nanoparticles as an inorganic hole transporting material for low-cost perovskite solar cells with superior stability

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (41) ◽  
pp. 20327-20337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seckin Akin ◽  
Yuhang Liu ◽  
M. Ibrahim Dar ◽  
Shaik M. Zakeeruddin ◽  
Michael Grätzel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Perovskite Solar Cells ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Operational Stability ◽  
Shelf Stability ◽  
Hole Transporting ◽  
Hole Transporting Material

Besides hysteresis-free promising efficiency (16.7%), cost effective CCO-based devices exhibited remarkable shelf-stability for 60 days and operational stability upon 500 hours.

Low cost and solution-processable zinc phthalocyanine as alternative hole transport material for perovskite solar cells

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (109) ◽  
pp. 107723-107731 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shufang Wu ◽  
Ya Zheng ◽  
Qingwei Liu ◽  
Renjie Li ◽  
Tianyou Peng
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Perovskite Solar Cells ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Hole Transport ◽  
Zinc Phthalocyanine ◽  
Potential Cost ◽  
Solution Processable

A solution-processable and dopant-free ZnPc(tBu)4was used a potential cost-effective substitute for the expensive HTMs containing multifold dopants used in the current PSCs.

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