scholarly journals The Anime Connection. Early Euro-Japanese Co-Productions and the Animesque: Form, Rhythm, Design

Arts ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
José Iglesias
Keyword(s):  
Facial Expressions ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Visual Language ◽  
Character Design ◽  
Set Up ◽  
First Contact ◽  
European Markets

After European audiences had first contact with anime in the late 1970s, animated co-productions between domestic producers and Japanese studios emerged in the early 1980s, playing a lead role in standardizing anime aesthetics and hence contributing to the broader development of anime in Spain and other major European markets. These pioneering co-productions fostered the arrival of Japanese studios to the European broadcasting scene. However, its real impact on the popularization of anime is subject to debate. Appealing to a European audience, these series lacked some of the most recognizable features associated with anime as a larger medium. Nonetheless, in some of these animated productions there was an underlying animesque flair in the shape of conventionalized elements, character design, facial expressions, rhythm, camera action and tropes. Neither entirely domestic nor fully Japanese, these hybrid productions set up a ‘bridge’ between European and American animated visual language and anime mainstream features, thereby shaping the collective idea of what anime is for the first generation of viewers in Spain and Europe.

The Burke Synthesis of ( + )-Didemniserinolipid B

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglass Taber
Keyword(s):  
First Generation ◽  
Secondary Alcohol ◽  
Unsaturated Ester ◽  
Unsaturated Ketone ◽  
Grubbs Catalyst ◽  
University Of Wisconsin ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Open Face ◽  
Vinyl Group ◽  
The University

The sulfate ( + )-didemniserinolipid B 3, isolated from the tunicate Didemnum sp, has an intriguing spiroether core. A key step in the synthesis of 3 reported (Organic Lett. 2007, 9, 5357) by Steven D. Burke of the University of Wisconsin was the selective ring-closing metathesis of 1 to 2. The diol 6 that was used to prepare the ketal 1 was readily prepared from the inexpensive D-mannitol 4. Many other applications can be envisioned for the enantiomerically-pure diol 6 and for the monoacetate and bis acetate that are precursors to it. To set up the metathesis, the β, γ-unsaturated ketone 10 was needed. To this end, the keto phosphonate derived from the addition of the phosphonate anion 8 to the lactone 7 was condensed with phenyl acetaldehyde 9. The derived enone 10 was a 5:1 mixture of β, γ- and α, β-regioisomers. The diol 6 is C2 -symmetrical, but formation of the ketal 1 dissolved the symmetry, with one terminal vinyl group directed toward the styrene double bond, and the other directed away from it. On exposure to the first generation Grubbs catalyst, ring formation proceeded efficiently, to give 2. Williamson coupling with the serine-derived alcohol 11 then gave 12. To establish the secondary alcohol of 13 and so of 3, the more electron rich alkene of 12 was selectively epoxidized, from the more open face. Diaxial opening with hydride then gave 13. With 13 in hand, another challenge of selectivity emerged. The plan had been to attach the ester-bearing sidechain to 13 using alkene metathesis, then hydrogenate. As the side-chain of 3 contained an additional alkene, this had to be present in masked form. To this end, the α-phenylselenyl ester 14 was prepared. Alkene metathesis with 13 proceeded smoothly, this time using the second generation Grubbs catalyst. The unwanted alkene was then removed by reduction with diimide, and the selenide was oxidized to deliver the α, β-unsaturated ester.

Young children's understanding of markedness in non-verbal communication*

2011 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 888-903 ◽  
Author(s):  
KRISTIN LIEBAL ◽  
MALINDA CARPENTER ◽  
MICHAEL TOMASELLO
Keyword(s):  
Facial Expression ◽  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Verbal Communication ◽  
Intentional Communication ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Communicative Act ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Pointing Gesture ◽  
Linguistic Phenomenon

ABSTRACTSpeakers often anticipate how recipients will interpret their utterances. If they wish some other, less obvious interpretation, they may ‘mark’ their utterance (e.g. with special intonations or facial expressions). We investigated whether two- and three-year-olds recognize when adults mark a non-verbal communicative act – in this case a pointing gesture – as special, and so search for a not-so-obvious referent. We set up the context of cleaning up and then pointed to an object. Three-year-olds inferred that the adult intended the pointing gesture to indicate that object, and so cleaned it up. However, when the adult marked her pointing gesture (with exaggerated facial expression) they took the object's hidden contents or a hidden aspect of it as the intended referent. Two-year-olds' appreciation of such marking was less clear-cut. These results demonstrate that markedness is not just a linguistic phenomenon, but rather something concerning the pragmatics of intentional communication more generally.

scholarly journals Biological Computation Indexes of Brain Oscillations in Unattended Facial Expression Processing Based on Event-Related Synchronization/Desynchronization

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Yu ◽  
Lin Ma ◽  
Haifeng Li ◽  
Lun Zhao ◽  
Hongjian Bo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Emotional Experience ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Brain Oscillations ◽  
Eeg Signals ◽  
Frequency Bands ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Biological Computation ◽  
Expression Processing ◽  
Electroencephalogram Eeg

Estimation of human emotions from Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals plays a vital role in affective Brain Computer Interface (BCI). The present study investigated the different event-related synchronization (ERS) and event-related desynchronization (ERD) of typical brain oscillations in processing Facial Expressions under nonattentional condition. The results show that the lower-frequency bands are mainly used to update Facial Expressions and distinguish the deviant stimuli from the standard ones, whereas the higher-frequency bands are relevant to automatically processing different Facial Expressions. Accordingly, we set up the relations between each brain oscillation and processing unattended Facial Expressions by the measures of ERD and ERS. This research first reveals the contributions of each frequency band for comprehension of Facial Expressions in preattentive stage. It also evidences that participants have emotional experience under nonattentional condition. Therefore, the user’s emotional state under nonattentional condition can be recognized in real time by the ERD/ERS computation indexes of different frequency bands of brain oscillations, which can be used in affective BCI to provide the user with more natural and friendly ways.

The effectiveness of outreach testing for hepatitis C in an immigrant Pakistani population

2011 ◽  
Vol 140 (6) ◽  
pp. 1048-1053 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. JAFFERBHOY ◽  
M. H. MILLER ◽  
P. McINTYRE ◽  
J. F. DILLON
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Ethnic Diversity ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Hcv Rna ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis B Infection ◽  
Pakistani Population ◽  
Targeted Testing ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The City

SUMMARYIn Scotland, an estimated 1% of the population is infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV). There is ethnic diversity in Scotland, with a large Pakistani sub-population. Our aim was to investigate the prevalence of HCV in an immigrant Pakistani population and effectiveness of an outreach testing intervention. We arranged a series of HCV awareness meetings at the mosques and Pakistani Women's centre in the city of Dundee. Thereafter short-term outreach HCV testing clinics were set up in the same venues. Venous blood samples were obtained and tested for HCV IgG and HbsAg. A short questionnaire was also completed. In total, 177 individuals volunteered for testing, out of an estimated 250 who attended meetings and a total Pakistani population in Dundee of 1723. Of those tested 170 were Scottish Pakistanis (159 first generation, 11 second generation). There were 145 (85·2%) men. The mean age was 45·11 (±s.d. 16·7) years. Seven (4·1%) individuals in the cohort were anti-HCV positive. Five (2·9%) were found to have HCV RNA by PCR. Only one patient had chronic hepatitis B infection. All patients with positive results were seen in the liver clinic for consideration of treatment. We have demonstrated that immigrant Pakistanis retain a higher prevalence of HCV compared to the population of their adopted country. Outreach targeted testing in this group can be achieved using religious and cultural gatherings, with only modest investment in staff time.

scholarly journals Evaluation of radioprotective effect of chickpea (Cicer arietinum) in the survival of Lasioderma serricorne (Fabricius, 1792) (Coleoptera, Anobìidae) irradiated with 60Co

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adilson C. Barros ◽  
Kayo Okazaki ◽  
Valter Arthur
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Rays ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Whole Grains ◽  
Lasioderma Serricorne ◽  
Protective Properties ◽  
Summary Statement ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Radioprotective Properties

ABSTRACTWe investigated the presence of natural radioprotectors in food using a new technical modality that utilizes the insect Lasioderma serricorne as a radiosensitivity bioindicator to check radioprotection properties in minimally processed chickpeas. The insects were obtained from the entomological biotherium of the Laboratory of Radiobiology and Environment of CENA-USP. They were fed with an experimental diet and just when the first generation hatched completely, the experiments were conducted. The randomly chosen control diet, consisted of three parts of wheat germ, one part of brewer’s yeast, and a slice of French bread toasted in an oven previously set up for humidity control. The diet of chickpeas consists only of whole grains crushed in a mechanical grinder to obtain flour. The result was significant for the survival of insects (p<0.0001) reared on a diet of chickpeas compared to those reared on control diet irradiated with gamma rays from 60Co in the range of 5.0 to 1500 Gy. We presented statistical evidence that the chickpea diet has radioprotective properties in the insect for gamma rays.SUMMARY STATEMENTThe study is important because it shows that chickpea has protective properties against ionizing radiation, how to act against its biological effects and minimize them.

scholarly journals Educational mobility of Hungarian firstand multi-generational young intellectuals in four countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 132-157
Author(s):  
Attila Papp Z. ◽  
Csilla Zsigmond
Keyword(s):  
First Generation ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Social Structures ◽  
The Political ◽  
Cultural Reproduction ◽  
Educational Mobility ◽  
Political Consequences ◽  
Set Up ◽  
And Coping ◽  
Multigenerational Students

The study examines the characteristics of intergenerational educational mobility among minority Hungarian youth living in Slovakia (Felvidék), Ukraine (Transcarpathia), Romania (Transylvania), Serbia (Vojvodina). The topic is important because in Hungary there is a paucity of studies that systematically analyse the challenges and coping strategies of first-generation students in general, or which go beyond minority aspects within social structures. The paper seeks to fill this gap by exploring first-generation intellectuals’ social structure and specific attitudes, based on real life Hungarian-minority experience. Based on a literature review, the authors set up four hypotheses: hypotheses related to social and cultural reproduction, a hypothesis concerning the political consequences of mobility, and assumptions related to minority identity. After testing the hypotheses and comparing the first- generation and multigenerational students’ characteristics, the authors conclude that in the minority context there took place a social and status culture reproduction, and mobility increases the likelihood of conservative political attitudes. The immobile stratum of minority multigenerational intellectuals tends to be much more liberal and transnational, using Hungarian citizenship as a new pragmatic opportunity.

scholarly journals La Maternité de Genève (1874-1907), une nouvelle porte d'entrée dans la vie?

Gesnerus ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 57 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 51-76
Author(s):  
Philip Rieder
Keyword(s):  
Medical School ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Medical Knowledge ◽  
Gain Control ◽  
Maternity Hospital ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Social Organisation ◽  
The Social ◽  
Set Up

Geneva's maternity hospital was set up in order to answer the needs of the new medical school in the 1870's. The early years of the Geneva maternity hospital illustrate the heterogeneity of the first generation of teachers as well as the difficulties of the school to gain control of appointements and autonomy in the management of clinics and courses. The sources used allow insights into two apparently separate fields: the social organisation of childbirth and the difficulties of a generation of doctors and teachers to adapt to rapidly changing medical knowledge.

Education and Human Capital Externalities: Evidence from Colonial Benin *

2014 ◽  
Vol 130 (2) ◽  
pp. 703-757 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonard Wantchekon ◽  
Marko Klašnja ◽  
Natalija Novta
Keyword(s):  
First Generation ◽  
Extended Family ◽  
Living Standards ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Positive Treatment Effect ◽  
Student Cohorts ◽  
Positive Treatment ◽  
Information Treatment ◽  
Set Up ◽  
And Control

Abstract Using a unique data set on students from the first regional schools in colonial Benin, we investigate the effect of education on living standards, occupation, and political participation. Since both school locations and student cohorts were selected with very little information, treatment and control groups are balanced on observables. We can therefore estimate the effect of education by comparing the treated to the untreated living in the same village, as well as those living in villages where no schools were set up. We find a significant positive treatment effect of education for the first generation of students, as well as their descendants: they have higher living standards, are less likely to be farmers, and are more likely to be politically active. We find large village-level externalities—descendants of the uneducated in villages with schools do better than those in control villages. We also find extended family externalities—nephews and nieces directly benefit from their uncle’s education—and show that this represents a “family tax,” as educated uncles transfer resources to the extended family.

A state of passionate detachment: Charles Gaines by way of conclusion

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nizan Shaked
Keyword(s):  
Subject Matter ◽  
Visual Language ◽  
The Political ◽  
Conceptual System ◽  
Rule Based ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Political Persuasion ◽  
Metaphor And Metonymy

The career of Charles Gaines has been dedicated to resisting or attempting to circumvent subjectivity. The political referent emerged in his work not as a means to represent himself or his political persuasion, but as a way to examine the relation of the poetic syntax of visual language to subject matter. A staunch conceptualist, Gaines has been creating artworks from rule-based processes since the early 1970s in order to question the operation of representation and modes of reference. By the 1990s he began analysing the specificity of tropes, focusing on the distinction between metaphor and metonymy, and eventually moving to work with particular political referents in a decisively non-descriptive, non-narrative, manner. In his early works Gaines set up a conceptual system from which the appearance of the work would be derived. Often employing chance operation or other aleatoric means to generate form, the work’s aesthetic was determined by systems, highlighting not only the distinction between the meaning of the terms random and arbitrary but also the distinction of the algorithmic from them both.

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