scholarly journals Oxygen Isotopes in Tree Rings from Greenland: A New Proxy of NAO

Atmosphere ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Chenxi Xu ◽  
Brendan M. Buckley ◽  
Shih-Yu Simon Wang ◽  
Wenling An ◽  
Zhen Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Tree Rings ◽  
Ice Core ◽  
Spatial Correlations ◽  
Sea Level Pressure ◽  
Oxygen Isotope Record ◽  
Birch Trees ◽  
Isotope Record ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Subfossil Wood

We present the first Greenlandic tree ring oxygen isotope record (δ18OGTR), derived from four birch trees collected from the Qinguadalen Valley in southwestern Greenland in 1999. Our δ18O record spans from 1950–1999 and is significantly and positively correlated with winter ice core δ18O from southern Greenland. δ18OGTR records are positively correlated with southwestern Greenland January–August mean temperatures. North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) reconstructions have been developed from a variety of proxies, but never with Greenlandic tree rings, and our δ18OGTR record is significantly correlated with NAO (r = −0.64), and spatial correlations with sea-level pressure indicate a classic NAO pressure seesaw pattern. These results may facilitate a longer NAO reconstruction based on long time series of tree ring δ18O records from Greenland, provided that subfossil wood can be found in areas vacated by melting glaciers.

scholarly journals A 3500-Year Ice Chemistry Record From The Dominion Range, Antarctica: Linkages Between Climatic Variations and Precipitation Chemistry

1990 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 358-358
Author(s):  
Mary Jo Spencer ◽  
Paul A. Mayewski ◽  
W. Berry Lyons ◽  
Mark S. Twickler ◽  
Pieter Grootes
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Isotope ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Ice Core ◽  
Precipitation Chemistry ◽  
Climate Forcing ◽  
Climatic Forcing ◽  
Climatic Variations ◽  
Oxygen Isotope Record ◽  
Isotope Record

In 1984 a 200-m ice core was collected from a local accumulation basin in the Dominion Range, Transantarctic Mountains, Antarctica. A complete oxygen isotope record has been obtained and a considerable portion of the core has been analyzed in detail for chloride, nitrate, sulfate, and sodium. About half of the chloride is due to sea salt with the remainder originating as gaseous HCl. Nitrate levels have increased markedly over the last 1000 years whereas the levels of the other constituents have remained fairly constant.The oxygen isotope results suggest that this region of Antarctica is responding to long-term global climate forcing as well as to shorter-term climatic variations. This data will be compared with the anion and sodium records in order to determine the effects of climatic forcing on these other records. In particular, nitrate appears to vary in concert with fluctuations in long-term climate. Additionally, variations in each constituent over the 3500 year period will be examined in detail to determine the influence of other processes which affect their concentrations.

scholarly journals A 338-year tree-ring oxygen isotope record from Thai teak captures the variations in the Asian summer monsoon system

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathsuda Pumijumnong ◽  
Achim Bräuning ◽  
Masaki Sano ◽  
Takeshi Nakatsuka ◽  
Chotika Muangsong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Isotope ◽  
Tree Ring ◽  
Summer Monsoon ◽  
Asian Summer Monsoon ◽  
Oxygen Isotope Record ◽  
Isotope Record ◽  
Monsoon System ◽  
Asian Summer

Declining Trend in the 13C/12C Ratio of Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide from Tree Rings of South African Widdringtonia cedarbergensis

1999 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edmund C. February ◽  
William D. Stock
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Isotope ◽  
Southern Hemisphere ◽  
Tree Ring ◽  
Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Ice Core ◽  
Stable Carbon Isotope ◽  
Western Cape ◽  
Stable Carbon ◽  
Environment Change ◽  
Isotope Record

Stable carbon isotope chronologies using tree ring wood cellulose have proved useful for developing hypotheses on climate and environment change. However, within both the Southern Hemisphere and Africa there has been very little tree-ring-based isotope research. Here we report the first high-resolution (annual) 13C/12C chronology for both Africa and the Southern Hemisphere. The 77-yr stable carbon isotope chronology was developed from six Widdringtonia cedarbergensis trees from a site in the Cedarberg Mountains, Western Cape Province, South Africa. The results indicate that 13C/12C ratios are not different from 1900 to 1949. After 1949, however, values become significantly more negative to 1977. The isotopic record from the pooled trees at the Die Bos site does not correlate with rainfall. This correlation is not significant even when the Widdringtonia stable carbon isotope record is de-trended for the anthropogenic CO2 contribution. The Widdringtonia record does, however, correlate significantly with atmospheric 13C/12C CO2 values derived from ice core data, tree ring 13C/12C chronologies from the Northern Hemisphere, and recent Southern Hemisphere records.

scholarly journals Differing pre-industrial cooling trends between tree rings and lower-resolution temperature proxies

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 729-742 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lara Klippel ◽  
Scott St. George ◽  
Ulf Büntgen ◽  
Paul J. Krusic ◽  
Jan Esper
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Tree Rings ◽  
Ice Core ◽  
Temperature Sensitive ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Long Term Trends ◽  
Sediment Data ◽  
Common Era

Abstract. The new PAGES2k global compilation of temperature-sensitive proxies offers an unprecedented opportunity to study regional to global trends associated with orbitally driven changes in solar irradiance over the past 2 millennia. Here, we analyze pre-industrial long-term trends from 1 to 1800 CE across the PAGES2k dataset and find that, in contrast to the gradual cooling apparent in ice core, marine, and lake sediment data, tree rings do not exhibit the same decline. To understand why tree-ring proxies lack any evidence of a significant pre-industrial cooling, we divide those data by location (high Northern Hemisphere latitudes vs. midlatitudes), seasonal response (annual vs. summer), detrending method, and temperature sensitivity (high vs. low). We conclude that the ability of tree-ring proxies to detect pre-industrial, millennial-long cooling is not affected by latitude, seasonal sensitivity, or detrending method. Caution is advised when using multi-proxy approaches to reconstruct long-term temperature changes over the entire Common Era.

A 3500-Year Ice Chemistry Record From The Dominion Range, Antarctica: Linkages Between Climatic Variations and Precipitation Chemistry

1990 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 358
Author(s):  
Mary Jo Spencer ◽  
Paul A. Mayewski ◽  
W. Berry Lyons ◽  
Mark S. Twickler ◽  
Pieter Grootes
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Isotope ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Ice Core ◽  
Precipitation Chemistry ◽  
Climate Forcing ◽  
Climatic Forcing ◽  
Climatic Variations ◽  
Oxygen Isotope Record ◽  
Isotope Record

In 1984 a 200-m ice core was collected from a local accumulation basin in the Dominion Range, Transantarctic Mountains, Antarctica. A complete oxygen isotope record has been obtained and a considerable portion of the core has been analyzed in detail for chloride, nitrate, sulfate, and sodium. About half of the chloride is due to sea salt with the remainder originating as gaseous HCl. Nitrate levels have increased markedly over the last 1000 years whereas the levels of the other constituents have remained fairly constant. The oxygen isotope results suggest that this region of Antarctica is responding to long-term global climate forcing as well as to shorter-term climatic variations. This data will be compared with the anion and sodium records in order to determine the effects of climatic forcing on these other records. In particular, nitrate appears to vary in concert with fluctuations in long-term climate. Additionally, variations in each constituent over the 3500 year period will be examined in detail to determine the influence of other processes which affect their concentrations.

An oxygen isotope record from the Foscagno rock-glacier ice core, Upper Valtellina, Italian Central Alps

The Holocene ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 1033-1039 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Stenni ◽  
Laura Genoni ◽  
Onelio Flora ◽  
Mauro Guglielmin
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Isotope ◽  
Ice Core ◽  
Central Alps ◽  
Rock Glacier ◽  
Oxygen Isotope Record ◽  
Isotope Record ◽  
Glacier Ice

Is There Evidence for Solar Forcing of Climate in the GISP2 Oxygen Isotope Record?

1997 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 259-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Stuiver ◽  
T. F. Braziunas ◽  
P. M. Grootes ◽  
G. A. Zielinski
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Isotope ◽  
Ice Core ◽  
Greenland Ice Sheet ◽  
Ice Age ◽  
Phase Lag ◽  
Solar Forcing ◽  
Solar Constant ◽  
Oxygen Isotope Record ◽  
Isotope Record ◽  
Isotope Profile

Changes in solar constant over an 11 yr cycle suggest a certain, but limited, degree of solar forcing of climate. The high-resolution climate (oxygen isotope) record of the Greenland GISP2 (Greenland Ice Sheet Project 2) ice core has been analyzed for solar (and volcanic) influences. The atmospheric 14C record is used as a proxy of solar change and compared to the oxygen isotope profile in the GISP2 ice core. An annual oxygen isotope profile is derived from centimeter-scale isotope measurements available for the post-A.D. 818 interval. Associated extreme summer and winter isotope ratios were found to yield similar climate information over the last millennium. The detailed record of volcanic aerosols, converted to optical depth and volcanic explosivity change, was also compared to the isotope record and the oxygen isotope response calibrated to short-term volcanic influences on climate. This calibration shows that century-scale volcanic modulation of the GISP2 oxygen isotope record can be neglected in our analysis of solar forcing. The timing, estimated order of temperature change, and phase lag of several maxima in 14C and minima in18O are suggestive of a solar component to the forcing of Greenland climate over the current millennium. The fractional climate response of the cold interval associated with the Maunder sunspot minimum (and 14C maximum), as well as the Medieval Warm Period and Little Ice Age temperature trend of the past millennium, are compatible with solar climate forcing, with an order of magnitude of solar constant change of ∼0.3%. Even though solar forcing of climate for the current millennium is a reasonable hypothesis, for the rest of the Holocene the century-scale events are more frequent in the oxygen isotope record than in the 14C record and a significant correlation is absent. For this interval, oceanic/atmospheric circulation forcing of climate may dominate. Solar forcing during the surprisingly strong 1470 yr climate cycle of the 11,000–75,000 yr B.P. interval is rather hypothetical.

Holocene climate changes reflected in a diatom succession from Basaltsø, East Greenland

2001 ◽  
Vol 79 (6) ◽  
pp. 649-656 ◽  
Author(s):  
Holger Cremer ◽  
Martin Melles ◽  
Bernd Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Ice Core ◽  
Diatom Assemblage ◽  
Geochemical Data ◽  
Temperature Sensitive ◽  
Sensitive Species ◽  
The Holocene ◽  
Geographical Society ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Oxygen Isotope Record ◽  
Isotope Record

Information on Holocene lacustrine diatom records from Greenland is rare. Here, a complete Holocene diatom succession is described from a sediment core recovered from Basaltsø, an arctic lake on Geographical Society Ø, eastern Greenland. Based on radiocarbon measurements on plant material, the upper 2.42 m of the 9.85 m long sediment sequence represent the Holocene sedimentological record in this area from about 10 000 calibrated (cal.) years BP. The diatom assemblages in Basaltsø are dominated by only a few species. Four stratigraphic diatom zones could be distinguished. During the early Holocene, mainly Staurosira construens (Ehr.) Williams et Round, Nitzschia amphibia Grunow, and Pinnularia mesolepta (Ehr.) W. Smith were the dominant taxa. After this initial stage, between 9600 and 5000 cal. years BP, Staurosirella pinnata (Ehr.) Williams et Round was the most abundant diatom species. From 4500 to 500 cal. years BP, the diatom assemblage was characterized by the co-occurrence of several taxa, including S. construens. S. pinnata, Kolbesia suchlandtii (Hust.) Kingston, and Cyclotella sp. A (rossii–tripartita–comensis complex) as the main contributors. Finally, from 500 cal. years BP, the diatom assemblage was clearly dominated by Cyclotella sp. A, Cyclotella pseudostelligera Hustedt, and Sellaphora spp. The Holocene relative frequencies of S. pinnata and S. construens clearly correlate with the total diatom valve concentration, the Betula and Salix pollen percentage in Basaltsø, and the oxygen isotope record from the Renland ice core. This suggests that S. pinnata and S. construens are temperature-sensitive species that responded on the general climatic development in eastern Greenland during the Holocene. The diatom record together with the pollen and geochemical data of Basaltsø indicate to the Holocene climatic optimum on Geographical Society Ø from ca. 9000 to 6500 cal. years BP.Key words: Arctic, Greenland, Holocene, diatoms, paleolimnology, environmental change.

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