scholarly journals Impact of Implant Surface Material and Microscale Roughness on the Initial Attachment and Proliferation of Primary Human Gingival Fibroblasts

Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 356
Author(s):  
Marco Aoqi Rausch ◽  
Hassan Shokoohi-Tabrizi ◽  
Christian Wehner ◽  
Benjamin E. Pippenger ◽  
Raphael S. Wagner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Focal Adhesion ◽  
Rough Surfaces ◽  
Surface Material ◽  
Gingival Fibroblasts ◽  
Initial Attachment ◽  
Machined Surface

Due to the rising demand for zirconia (Zr) based implant systems, it is important to understand the impact of Zr and titanium (Ti) implants and particularly their topography on soft tissue healing. As human gingival fibroblasts (hGFs) are the predominant cells in peri-implant soft tissue, we focused on examining the effect of implant material and surface roughness on hGFs’ initial attachment, growth and the expression of proteins involved in the focal adhesion. hGFs isolated from eight healthy donors were cultured on the following surfaces: smooth titanium machined surface (TiM), smooth zirconia machined surface (ZrM), moderately rough titanium surface (SLA), or moderately rough zirconia surface (ZLA) for up to 14 days. The initial attachment of hGFs was evaluated by scanning electron microscopy. Cell proliferation/viability was assessed by cell counting kit 8. Focal adhesion and cytoskeleton were visualized by a focal adhesion staining kit. The gene expression of focal adhesion kinase (FAK), α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), and integrin subunits ITG-β1, ITG-β4, ITG-α4, ITG-α5, ITG-α6, was evaluated by qPCR. Cell proliferation/viability was slightly decreased by moderately rough surfaces, whereas no effect of surface material was observed. Cell morphology was strikingly different between differently treated surfaces: on machined surfaces, cells had elongated morphology and were attached along the grooves, whereas on moderately rough surfaces, cells were randomly attached. Surface roughness had a more pronounced effect on the gene expression compared to the surface material. The expression of FAK, α-SMA, ITG-β4, ITG-α5, and ITG-α6 was enhanced by moderately rough surfaces compared to smooth surfaces. Within the limitations of this in vitro study, it can be concluded that the behavior of primary hGFs is primarily affected by surface structure, whereas no apparent advantage of Zr over Ti could be observed.

scholarly journals Effects of bFGF on the Modulation of Apoptosis in Gingival Fibroblasts with Different Host Ages

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Kotaro Tanimoto ◽  
Satoru Ohkuma ◽  
Yuki Tanne ◽  
Ryo Kunimatsu ◽  
Naoto Hirose ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Type I Collagen ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Type I ◽  
Gingival Fibroblasts ◽  
Cultured Fibroblasts ◽  
Proliferation And Apoptosis ◽  
Young Subjects

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) treatment on the proliferation and apoptosis of cultured gingival fibroblasts (GFs). Human GFs were isolated from the palatal gingival tissues of 16 healthy volunteers ranging in the age from 9 to 35 years old. Cultured GFs were subjected to the analyses for cell proliferation by ELISA assay, gene expression by RT-PCR analysis, and apoptosis potency by caspase-3 assay. The cell proliferation activity and gene expression of type-I collagen and caspase-3 activity were enhanced significantly by the treatment with bFGF in cultured GFs. Furthermore, the activity of caspase-3 in cultured GFs from young subjects was significantly higher than that in GFs from adults. It is shown that bFGF significantly enhances the gene expression of type-I collagen in cultured fibroblasts from human gingival tissues. It also demonstrated that bFGF modulates the apoptosis of periodontal fibroblasts, and the effect is higher in young subjects, indicating a significant role of bFGF in the prevention of scar formation during wound healing.

Influence of Titanium Surface Topography on Peri-Implant Soft Tissue Integration

2012 ◽  
Vol 529-530 ◽  
pp. 559-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akihiro Furuhashi ◽  
Yasunori Ayukawa ◽  
Ikiru Atsuta ◽  
Yunia Dwi Rakhmatia ◽  
Noriyuki Yasunami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Surface Topography ◽  
Protein Adsorption ◽  
Titanium Implants ◽  
Machined Surface ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Tissue Integration ◽  
Dental Implant Surface ◽  
Adsorption Capability

At the neck area of dental implant surface, machined surface (Ms) has been employed to avoid surface contamination. Recently, implants which have roughened surface texture (Rs) at their neck are also available. However, from the viewpoint of soft tissue integration, it remains to be elucidated whether or not surface topography affects the soft tissue attachment around implants. The aim of the present study was to clarify the influence of surface topography on peri-implant soft tissue integration. First, surface roughness of both surfaces was measured. Second, protein adsorption capability on both surfaces was examined. Then, as the rat implant model, titanium implants with each surface were inserted into the maxillae. Horseradish peroxidase (HRP) tracer was applied 4 weeks post implantation to the gingival sulci of implants or natural teeth (NT) to investigate the sealing capability of periodontal/peri-implant soft tissue. Collagen density was also observed by fluorescent staining. As a result, surface roughness (Sa) of Ms and Rs was 0.16 µm and 0.25 µm, respectively. Protein adsorption capability on both surface showed no significant differences. In the NT group of the rat implant model, presence of HRP was restricted only in the coronal portion of epithelium. In both implant groups, in contrast, more invasion of HRP was observed in the soft tissue around implants. Especially in the Ms group, more HRP was observed in the deeper area compared with Rs group. Stronger expression of collagen was observed around Rs compared to Ms at the connective tissue-implant interface. It could be speculated that, with dense collagen, Rs implants showed stronger soft tissue integration compared with Ms implants, but the integration is not as strong as NT’s.

ACE INHIBITION ATTENUATES RENAL PDGF GENE EXPRESSION AND CELL PROLIFERATION IN SUBTOTAL NEPHRECTOMY

Nephrology ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. A104-A104
Author(s):  
Jandeleit‐Dahm K ◽  
Wu Ll ◽  
Johnson Rj ◽  
Cox Aj ◽  
Kelly Dj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Ace Inhibition ◽  
Subtotal Nephrectomy

111-OR: Pancreatic Elastase Regulates Human Beta-Cell Proliferation via the Focal Adhesion and PAR2 Signaling Pathways

Diabetes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 111-OR
Author(s):  
GIORGIO BASILE ◽  
AMEDEO VETERE ◽  
KA-CHEUK LIU ◽  
JIANG HU ◽  
OLOV ANDERSSON ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Beta Cell ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Focal Adhesion ◽  
Beta Cell Proliferation ◽  
Pancreatic Elastase ◽  
Human Beta Cell

scholarly journals Rewired Pathways and Disrupted Pathway Crosstalk in Schizophrenia Transcriptomes by Multiple Differential Coexpression Methods

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 665
Author(s):  
Hui Yu ◽  
Yan Guo ◽  
Jingchun Chen ◽  
Xiangning Chen ◽  
Peilin Jia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Focal Adhesion ◽  
Biological Pathways ◽  
Postmortem Brain ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Hub Genes ◽  
Differential Coexpression ◽  
Pathway Crosstalk ◽  
Microarray Datasets ◽  
Transcriptomic Studies

Transcriptomic studies of mental disorders using the human brain tissues have been limited, and gene expression signatures in schizophrenia (SCZ) remain elusive. In this study, we applied three differential co-expression methods to analyze five transcriptomic datasets (three RNA-Seq and two microarray datasets) derived from SCZ and matched normal postmortem brain samples. We aimed to uncover biological pathways where internal correlation structure was rewired or inter-coordination was disrupted in SCZ. In total, we identified 60 rewired pathways, many of which were related to neurotransmitter, synapse, immune, and cell adhesion. We found the hub genes, which were on the center of rewired pathways, were highly mutually consistent among the five datasets. The combinatory list of 92 hub genes was generally multi-functional, suggesting their complex and dynamic roles in SCZ pathophysiology. In our constructed pathway crosstalk network, we found “Clostridium neurotoxicity” and “signaling events mediated by focal adhesion kinase” had the highest interactions. We further identified disconnected gene links underlying the disrupted pathway crosstalk. Among them, four gene pairs (PAK1:SYT1, PAK1:RFC5, DCTN1:STX1A, and GRIA1:MAP2K4) were normally correlated in universal contexts. In summary, we systematically identified rewired pathways, disrupted pathway crosstalk circuits, and critical genes and gene links in schizophrenia transcriptomes.

scholarly journals Influence of turning tool wear on the surface integrity and anti-fatigue behavior of Ti1023

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 168781402110112
Author(s):  
Li Xun ◽  
Wang Ziming ◽  
Yang Shenliang ◽  
Guo Zhiyuan ◽  
Zhou Yongxin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Plastic Deformation ◽  
Titanium Alloy ◽  
Fatigue Life ◽  
Tool Wear ◽  
Surface Integrity ◽  
Low Cycle Fatigue ◽  
Fatigue Behavior ◽  
Machined Surface ◽  
Deformation Layer

Titanium alloy Ti1023 is a typical difficult-to-cut material. Tool wear is easy to occur in machining Ti1023, which has a significant negative effect on surface integrity. Turning is one of the common methods to machine Ti1023 parts and machined surface integrity has a direct influence on the fatigue life of parts. To control surface integrity and improve anti-fatigue behavior of Ti1023 parts, it has an important significance to study the influence of tool wear on the surface integrity and fatigue life of Ti1023 in turning. Therefore, the effect of tool wear on the surface roughness, microhardness, residual stress, and plastic deformation layer of Ti1023 workpieces by turning and low-cycle fatigue tests were studied. Meanwhile, the influence mechanism of surface integrity on anti-fatigue behavior also was analyzed. The experimental results show that the change of surface roughness caused by worn tools has the most influence on anti-fatigue behavior when the tool wear VB is from 0.05 to 0.25 mm. On the other hand, the plastic deformation layer on the machined surface could properly improve the anti-fatigue behavior of specimens that were proved in the experiments. However, the higher surface roughness and significant surface defects on surface machined utilizing the worn tool with VB = 0.30 mm, which leads the anti-fatigue behavior of specimens to decrease sharply. Therefore, to ensure the anti-fatigue behavior of parts, the value of turning tool wear VB must be rigorously controlled under 0.30 mm during finishing machining of titanium alloy Ti1023.

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