Multiplex Soluble Biomarker Analysis from Pleural Effusion

Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a highly aggressive and therapy resistant pleural malignancy that is caused by asbestos exposure. MPM is associated with poor prognosis and a short patient survival. The survival time is strongly influenced by the subtype of the tumor. Dyspnea and accumulation of pleural effusion in the pleural cavity are common symptoms of MPM. The diagnostic distinction from other malignancies and reactive conditions is done using histopathology or cytopathology, always supported by immunohistochemistry, and sometimes also by analyses of soluble biomarkers in effusion supernatant. We evaluated the soluble angiogenesis related molecules as possible prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers for MPM by Luminex multiplex assay. Pleural effusion from 42 patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM), 36 patients with adenocarcinoma (AD) and 40 benign (BE) effusions were analyzed for 10 different analytes that, in previous studies, were associated with angiogenesis, consisting of Angiopoietin-1, HGF, MMP-7, Osteopontin, TIMP-1, Galectin, Mesothelin, NRG1-b1, Syndecan-1 (SDC-1) and VEGF by a Human Premixed Multi-Analyte Luminex kit. We found that shed SDC-1 and MMP-7 levels were significantly lower, whereas Mesothelin and Galectin-1 levels were significantly higher in malignant mesothelioma effusions, compared to adenocarcinoma. Galectin-1, HGF, Mesothelin, MMP-7, Osteopontin, shed SDC-1, NRG1-β1, VEGF and TIMP-1 were significantly higher in malignant pleural mesothelioma effusions compared to benign samples. Moreover, there is a negative correlation between Mesothelin and shed SDC-1 and positive correlation between VEGF, Angiopoietin-1 and shed SDC-1 level in the pleural effusion from malignant cases. Shed SDC-1 and VEGF have a prognostic value in malignant mesothelioma patients. Collectively, our data suggest that MMP-7, shed SDC-1, Mesothelin and Galectin-1 can be diagnostic and VEGF and SDC-1 prognostic markers in MPM patients. Additionally, Galectin-1, HGF, Mesothelin, MMP-7, Osteopontin, shed SDC-1 and TIMP-1 can be diagnostic for malignant cases.

Download Full-text

Mesothelium and Malignant Mesothelioma

Journal of Developmental Biology ◽

10.3390/jdb7020007 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 7 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Emilye Hiriart ◽

Raymond Deepe ◽

Andy Wessels

Keyword(s):

Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma ◽

Malignant Mesothelioma ◽

Pleural Cavity ◽

Pleural Mesothelioma ◽

Primary Cancer ◽

Epithelial Structure

The mesothelium is an epithelial structure derived from the embryonic mesoderm. It plays an important role in the development of a number of different organs, including the heart, lungs, and intestines. In this publication, we discuss aspects of the development of the mesothelium, where mesothelial structures can be found, and review molecular and cellular characteristics associated with the mesothelium. Furthermore, we discuss the involvement of the mesothelium in a number of disease conditions, in particular in the pathogenesis of mesotheliomas with an emphasis on malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM)—a primary cancer developing in the pleural cavity.

Download Full-text

Management of Pleural Effusion Secondary to Malignant Mesothelioma

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm10184247 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (18) ◽

pp. 4247

Author(s):

Valeria Musso ◽

Cristina Diotti ◽

Alessandro Palleschi ◽

Davide Tosi ◽

Alberto Aiolfi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pleural Effusion ◽

Occupational Exposure ◽

Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma ◽

Malignant Mesothelioma ◽

Therapeutic Options ◽

Pleural Mesothelioma ◽

Common Cause ◽

Comprehensive View ◽

Clinical Challenge

Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a highly aggressive pleural tumour which has been epidemiologically linked to occupational exposure to asbestos. MPM is often associated with pleural effusion, which is a common cause of morbidity and whose management remains a clinical challenge. In this review, we analysed the literature regarding the diagnosis and therapeutic options of pleural effusion secondary to mesothelioma. Our aim was to provide a comprehensive view on this subject, and a new algorithm was proposed as a practical aid to clinicians dealing with patients suffering from pleural effusion.

Download Full-text

Survival of Korean Patients with Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma Compensated for the Asbestos Injury Relief

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app11209713 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (20) ◽

pp. 9713

Author(s):

Min-Sung Kang ◽

Sung-Soo Lee ◽

Soon-Chan Kwon ◽

Da-An Huh ◽

Yong-Jin Lee

Keyword(s):

Prognostic Factors ◽

Occupational Exposure ◽

Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma ◽

Malignant Mesothelioma ◽

Asbestos Exposure ◽

Performance Status ◽

Smoking History ◽

Pleural Mesothelioma ◽

Histological Subtype ◽

Epidemiologic Characteristics

Background: The purpose of this study was to identify the epidemiologic characteristics and prognostic factors for malignant pleural mesothelioma in Korea, which are currently insufficient. The data were derived from malignant mesothelioma patients who registered under the Asbestos Injury Relief Act; Methods: A total of 728 patients received compensation from the Asbestos Injury Relief Act due to malignant mesothelioma between 2011 and 2015. Of these, 313 patients (43.0%) with malignant pleural mesothelioma were included in the study. The study variables were sex (male, female), age at diagnosis (<59, 60–69, ≥70), smoking history (yes, no), surgery (yes, no), chemotherapy (yes, no), occupational exposure to asbestos (yes, no), and histological subtype (epithelioid, nonepithelioid); Results: Median survival of mesothelioma was 8.0 months (95% confidence interval: 6.2 to 9.8). The 1-year, 2-year, and 5-year survival rates (%) were 43.5%, 23.6%, and 12.5%, respectively. In multivariate analysis of Cox’s proportional hazards model; sex, age, smoking history, occupational asbestos exposure, and histological subtype were not significant prognostic factors, but surgery and chemotherapy combined was a significant predictor; Conclusions: Although the representativeness of these data is limited, our study estimates the epidemiologic characteristics of malignant pleural mesothelioma. Non-occupational exposure had a similar prognosis to occupational asbestos exposure, and there was no sex difference. In addition, it was found that receiving a combination of surgery and chemotherapy affects the survival rate, but there is a limitation in that factors such as performance status, comorbidities, and stage that contribute to survival are not considered.

Download Full-text

Malignant Mesothelioma Mimicking Invasive Mammary Carcinoma in a Male Breast

Case Reports in Oncological Medicine ◽

10.1155/2015/298523 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-4 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mohamed Mokhtar Desouki ◽

Daniel Jerad Long

Keyword(s):

Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma ◽

Malignant Mesothelioma ◽

Asbestos Exposure ◽

Lobular Carcinoma ◽

Strong Association ◽

Final Diagnosis ◽

Pleural Mesothelioma ◽

Invasive Mammary Carcinoma ◽

Pleomorphic Lobular Carcinoma ◽

The Right

Malignant mesothelioma is an uncommon tumor with strong association with asbestos exposure. Few cases of malignant pleural mesothelioma metastatic to the female breast have been reported. Herein, we presented, for the first time, a case of locally infiltrating malignant pleural mesothelioma forming a mass in the breast of a male as the first pathologically confirmed manifestation of the disease. Breast ultrasound revealed an irregular mass in the right breast which involves the pectoralis muscle. Breast core biopsy revealed a proliferation of neoplastic epithelioid cells mimicking an infiltrating pleomorphic lobular carcinoma. IHC studies showed the cells to be positive for calretinin, CK5/6, WT1, and CK7. The cells were negative for MOC-31, BerEp4, ER, and PR. A final diagnosis of malignant mesothelioma, epithelioid type, was rendered. This case demonstrates the importance of considering a broad differential diagnosis in the setting of atypical presentation with application of a panel of IHC markers.

Download Full-text

Clinical Significance Of Pleural Effusion Mesothelin In Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma

10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2012.185.1_meetingabstracts.a1575 ◽

2012 ◽

Author(s):

Shusai Yamada ◽

Chiharu Tabata ◽

Rie Tabata ◽

Kazuya Fukuoka ◽

Takashi Nakano

Keyword(s):

Pleural Effusion ◽

Clinical Significance ◽

Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma ◽

Pleural Mesothelioma

Download Full-text

Identification of Redox-Sensitive Transcription Factors as Markers of Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma

Cancers ◽

10.3390/cancers13051138 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (5) ◽

pp. 1138

Author(s):

Martina Schiavello ◽

Elena Gazzano ◽

Loredana Bergandi ◽

Francesca Silvagno ◽

Roberta Libener ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Transcription Factors ◽

Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma ◽

Antioxidant Defense ◽

Asbestos Exposure ◽

Predictive Biomarkers ◽

Antioxidant Systems ◽

Pleural Mesothelioma ◽

Related Factor ◽

Aggressive Cancer

Although asbestos has been banned in most countries around the world, malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a current problem. MPM is an aggressive tumor with a poor prognosis, so it is crucial to identify new markers in the preventive field. Asbestos exposure induces oxidative stress and its carcinogenesis has been linked to a strong oxidative damage, event counteracted by antioxidant systems at the pulmonary level. The present study has been focused on some redox-sensitive transcription factors that regulate cellular antioxidant defense and are overexpressed in many tumors, such as Nrf2 (Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2), Ref-1 (Redox effector factor 1), and FOXM1 (Forkhead box protein M1). The research was performed in human mesothelial and MPM cells. Our results have clearly demonstrated an overexpression of Nrf2, Ref-1, and FOXM1 in mesothelioma towards mesothelium, and a consequent activation of downstream genes controlled by these factors, which in turn regulates antioxidant defense. This event is mediated by oxidative free radicals produced when mesothelial cells are exposed to asbestos fibers. We observed an increased expression of Nrf2, Ref-1, and FOXM1 towards untreated cells, confirming asbestos as the mediator of oxidative stress evoked at the mesothelium level. These factors can therefore be considered predictive biomarkers of MPM and potential pharmacological targets in the treatment of this aggressive cancer.

Download Full-text

Increased Standardised Incidence Ratio of Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma in Taiwanese Asbestos Workers: A 29-Year Retrospective Cohort Study

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2015/678598 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Cheng-Kuan Lin ◽

Yu-Ying Chang ◽

Jung-Der Wang ◽

Lukas Jyuhn-Hsiarn Lee

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

General Population ◽

Incidence Rate ◽

Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma ◽

Retrospective Cohort Study ◽

Retrospective Cohort ◽

Asbestos Exposure ◽

Pleural Mesothelioma ◽

Calendar Period ◽

Incident Cases

Objective. This paper aimed to determine the standardised incidence ratio (SIR) of malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) in workers exposed to asbestos in Taiwan.Methods. All workers employed in asbestos-related factories and registered by the Bureau of Labour Insurance between 1 March, 1950, and 31 December, 1989, were included in the study and were followed from 1 January, 1980, through 31 December, 2009. Incident cases of all cancers, including MPM (ICD-9 code: 163), were obtained from the Taiwan Cancer Registry. SIRs were calculated based on comparison with the incidence rate of the general population of Taiwan and adjusted for age, calendar period, sex, and duration of employment.Results. The highest SIR of MPM was found for male workers first employed before 1979, with a time since first employment more than 30 years (SIR 4.52, 95% CI: 2.25–8.09). After consideration of duration of employment, the SIR for male MPM was 5.78 (95% CI: 1.19–16.89) for the workers employed for more than 20 years in asbestos-related factories.Conclusions. This study corroborates the association between occupational asbestos exposure and MPM. The highest risk of MPM was found among male asbestos workers employed before 1979 and working for more than 20 years in asbestos-related factories.

Download Full-text