scholarly journals Sustainable Agriculture Systems in Vegetable Production Using Chitin and Chitosan as Plant Biostimulants

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 819
Author(s):  
Mohamad Hesam Shahrajabian ◽  
Christina Chaski ◽  
Nikolaos Polyzos ◽  
Nikolaos Tzortzakis ◽  
Spyridon A. Petropoulos
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
Nutrient Delivery ◽  
Horticultural Crops ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Chitin And Chitosan

Chitin and chitosan are natural compounds that are biodegradable and nontoxic and have gained noticeable attention due to their effective contribution to increased yield and agro-environmental sustainability. Several effects have been reported for chitosan application in plants. Particularly, it can be used in plant defense systems against biological and environmental stress conditions and as a plant growth promoter—it can increase stomatal conductance and reduce transpiration or be applied as a coating material in seeds. Moreover, it can be effective in promoting chitinolytic microorganisms and prolonging storage life through post-harvest treatments, or benefit nutrient delivery to plants since it may prevent leaching and improve slow release of nutrients in fertilizers. Finally, it can remediate polluted soils through the removal of cationic and anionic heavy metals and the improvement of soil properties. On the other hand, chitin also has many beneficial effects such as plant growth promotion, improved plant nutrition and ability to modulate and improve plants’ resistance to abiotic and biotic stressors. The present review presents a literature overview regarding the effects of chitin, chitosan and derivatives on horticultural crops, highlighting their important role in modern sustainable crop production; the main limitations as well as the future prospects of applications of this particular biostimulant category are also presented.

scholarly journals Exploiting Beneficial Pseudomonas spp. for Cannabis Production

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carole Balthazar ◽  
David L. Joly ◽  
Martin Filion
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Cannabis Sativa ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Abiotic And Biotic Stresses ◽  
Biotic Stresses ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
The Many

Among the oldest domesticated crops, cannabis plants (Cannabis sativa L., marijuana and hemp) have been used to produce food, fiber, and drugs for thousands of years. With the ongoing legalization of cannabis in several jurisdictions worldwide, a new high-value market is emerging for the supply of marijuana and hemp products. This creates unprecedented challenges to achieve better yields and environmental sustainability, while lowering production costs. In this review, we discuss the opportunities and challenges pertaining to the use of beneficial Pseudomonas spp. bacteria as crop inoculants to improve productivity. The prevalence and diversity of naturally occurring Pseudomonas strains within the cannabis microbiome is overviewed, followed by their potential mechanisms involved in plant growth promotion and tolerance to abiotic and biotic stresses. Emphasis is placed on specific aspects relevant for hemp and marijuana crops in various production systems. Finally, factors likely to influence inoculant efficacy are provided, along with strategies to identify promising strains, overcome commercialization bottlenecks, and design adapted formulations. This work aims at supporting the development of the cannabis industry in a sustainable way, by exploiting the many beneficial attributes of Pseudomonas spp.

scholarly journals Potential for Plant Growth Promotion of Rhizobacteria Associated withSalicorniaGrowing in Tunisian Hypersaline Soils

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Mapelli ◽  
Ramona Marasco ◽  
Eleonora Rolli ◽  
Marta Barbato ◽  
Hanene Cherif ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Promotion ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Arid Ecosystems ◽  
Acetic Acid Production ◽  
Halotolerant Bacteria ◽  
Microbiome Composition

Soil salinity and drought are among the environmental stresses that most severely affect plant growth and production around the world. In this study the rhizospheres ofSalicorniaplants and bulk soils were collected fromSebkhetandChotthypersaline ecosystems in Tunisia. Depiction of bacterial microbiome composition by Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis unveiled the occurrence of a high bacterial diversity associated withSalicorniaroot system. A large collection of 475 halophilic and halotolerant bacteria was established fromSalicorniarhizosphere and the surrounding bulk soil, and the bacteria were characterized for the resistance to temperature, osmotic and saline stresses, and plant growth promotion (PGP) features. TwentyHalomonasstrains showed resistance to a wide set of abiotic stresses and were able to perform different PGP activitiesin vitroat 5% NaCl, including ammonia and indole-3-acetic acid production, phosphate solubilisation, and potential nitrogen fixation. By using agfp-labelled strain it was possible to demonstrate thatHalomonasis capable of successfully colonisingSalicorniaroots in the laboratory conditions. Our results indicated that the culturable halophilic/halotolerant bacteria inhabiting salty and arid ecosystems have a potential to contribute to promoting plant growth under the harsh salinity and drought conditions. These halophilic/halotolerant strains could be exploited in biofertilizer formulates to sustain crop production in degraded and arid lands.

scholarly journals Variovorax sp. Has an Optimum Cell Density to Fully Function as a Plant Growth Promoter

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oyungerel Natsagdorj ◽  
Hisayo Sakamoto ◽  
Dennis Santiago ◽  
Christine Santiago ◽  
Yoshitake Orikasa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Cell Density ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Green Pepper ◽  
Plant Growth Promoter ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

Utilization of plant growth-promoting bacteria colonizing roots is environmentally friendly technology instead of using chemicals in agriculture, and understanding of the effects of their colonization modes in promoting plant growth is important for sustainable agriculture. We herein screened the six potential plant growth-promoting bacteria isolated from Beta vulgaris L. (Rhizobium sp. HRRK 005, Polaromonas sp. HRRK 103, Variovorax sp. HRRK 170, Mesorhizobium sp. HRRK 190, Streptomyces sp. HRTK 192, and Novosphingobium sp. HRRK 193) using a series of biochemical tests. Among all strains screened, HRRK 170 had the highest potential for plant growth promotion, given its ability to produce plant growth substances and enzymes such as siderophores and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) deaminase, respectively, concomitantly with active growth in a wider range of temperatures (10–30 °C) and pH (5.0–10.0). HRRK 170 colonized either as spots or widely on the root surface of all vegetable seedlings tested, but significant growth promotion occurred only in two vegetables (Chinese cabbage and green pepper) within a certain cell density range localized in the plant roots. The results indicate that HRRK 170 could function as a plant growth promoter, but has an optimum cell density for efficient use.

Horticultural food crops

1986 ◽  
Vol 87 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 165-172
Author(s):  
C. E. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Fruit And Vegetables ◽  
Border Region ◽  
Food Crops ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
Processing Industry ◽  
Horticultural Crops ◽  
Moray Firth ◽  
Soft Fruit

SynopsisIn Scotland horticultural food crops occupy about 1·4% of the tillage land, and contribute about 4% of the total Scottish agricultural output. Climate, soil type and factors such as distance to markets and availability of labour have influenced the location of horticultural crops. This has changed with time, particularly because of the influence of the processing industry. Soft fruit production (3,630 hectares), with raspberries being the dominant crop, is concentrated in the Tayside region; more than 90% of the raspberry crop is processed by pulping (for jam, etc.), freezing or canning. Vegetable production (6,130 hectares) is somewhat more dispersed from the Border region to the Moray Firth; more than half the total area is occupied by peas for canning and freezing. Glasshouse production of tomatoes is now only 25 hectares located mainly in the Clyde Valley.The future for Scottish horticultural food production will continue to be influenced by the requirements of the processing industry, but there is also an increasing outlet for fresh fruit and vegetables in supermarkets. Expansion of the production of horticultural food crops in Scotland depends on the ability of the industry to meet market demands in terms of quality and continuity of supply. Increasing reference to the need for an improved British diet may stimulate the consumption of fruit and vegetables on the home market and there continue to be opportunities for increasing the export of processed and fresh produce. Scotland has the land resources, crop production expertise and processing and marketing facilities to respond to these opportunities.

Combined effects of rhizo-competitive rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere Bacillus in plant growth promotion and yield improvement of Eleusine coracana (Ragi)

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shrivardhan Dheeman ◽  
Nitin Baliyan ◽  
Ramesh Chandra Dubey ◽  
Dinesh Kumar Maheshwari ◽  
Sandeep Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Promotion ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Soil Analysis ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
Sclerotium Rolfsii ◽  
Eleusine Coracana ◽  
Soil Reclamation ◽  
Yield Improvement

This study emphasizes the beneficial role of rhizo-competitive Bacillus spp. isolated from rhizospheric and non-rhizospheric soil in plant growth promotion and yield improvement via nitrogen fixation and biocontrol of Sclerotium rolfsii causing foot rot disease in Eleusine coracana (Ragi). The selection of potent rhizobacteria was based on plant-growth-promoting attributes using Venn set diagram and Bonitur scale. Bacillus pumilus MSTA8 and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens MSTD26 were selected because they were effective in root colonization, rhizosphere competence, and biofilm formation using root exudates of E. coracana L. rich with carbohydrates, proteins, and amino acids. The relative chemotaxis index of the isolates expressed the invasive behavior of the rhizosphere. During pot and field trials, the consortium of the rhizobacteria in a vermiculite carrier increased the grain yield by 37.87%, with a significant harvest index of 16.45. Soil analysis after the field trial revealed soil reclamation potentials to manage soil nutrition and fertility. Both indexes ensured crop protection and production in eco-safe ways and herald commercialization of Bacillus bio-inoculant for improvement in crop production and disease management of E. coracana.

scholarly journals MICROBIAL BIOMASS AND ENZYMATIC ACTIVITIES IN SANDY SOIL CULTIVATED WITH LETTUCE INOCULATED WITH PLANT GROWTH PROMOTERS

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 860-870
Author(s):  
Marcele de Cássia Henriques dos Santos Moraes ◽  
Erika Valente de Medeiros ◽  
Dayane da Silva de Andrade ◽  
Leandro Dias de Lima ◽  
Ivonaldo Carlos da Silva Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Sandy Soil ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Enzymatic Activities ◽  
Cattle Manure ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
Pseudomonas Sp ◽  
Growth Promoters ◽  
Combined Application

ABSTRACT Plant growth promoter microorganisms have been studied as important tools for increasing crop production. Lettuce is the most consumed hardwood crop in the world. Numerous microorganisms are capable of acting in a beneficial way in the growth of this culture. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of Trichoderma and Pseudomonas on the microbial biomass, enzymatic activities in sandy soil and lettuce production. The experimental design was completely randomized with ten replicates and treatments: CONT (absolute control); CM (control with cattle manure fertilization); CMB (with fertilization and Pseudomonas sp.); CMF (with fertilization and T. aureoviride) and CMBF (with fertilization and the two microorganisms combined). The fertilizer used was organic with cattle manure in a dose recommended for the culture. This study evaluated the production of lettuce, microbial biomass and the enzymatic activity of acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase and urease. The combined application of CMBF was efficient in increasing lettuce production, because it increased 85% of the cv. Veronica cultivated on sandy soil. The combined use of plant growth promoting microorganisms resulted to an increase in microbial biomass. In lettuce crops, it is recommended to use T. aureoviride URM 5158 and Pseudomonas sp. UAGF 14 in lettuce crops, because improved lettuce production, improves the biochemical quality of soils measured by absolute and specific enzymatic activities per unit of microbial biomass.

scholarly journals Plant growth promotion in cereal and leguminous agricultural important plants: From microorganism capacities to crop production

2014 ◽  
Vol 169 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 325-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Pérez-Montaño ◽  
C. Alías-Villegas ◽  
R.A. Bellogín ◽  
P. del Cerro ◽  
M.R. Espuny ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Promotion ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Growth Promotion

scholarly journals Genomic Mining and Physiological Characterization of new Halophilic Plant Growth Promoting Bacilli

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Petrillo ◽  
Stefany Castaldi ◽  
Mariamichela Lanzilli ◽  
Matteo Selci ◽  
Angelina Cordone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Gene Clusters ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Whole Genome Analysis ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

Massive application of chemical fertilizers and pesticides has been the main strategy used to cope with the rising crop demands in the last decades. The indiscriminate use of chemicals while providing a temporary solution has led to a decrease in crop productivity and an increase in the environmental impact of modern agriculture. A sustainable alternative to the use of chemicals for crop production is the use of microorganisms naturally capable of enhancing plant growth and protecting crops from pests, known as Plant-Growth-Promoting Bacteria (PGPB). The aim of the present study was to isolate and characterize PGPB from salt-pans sand samples able to ameliorate plant fitness. To survive high salinity, salt-tolerant microbes produce a broad range of compounds with heterogeneous biological activities that are potentially beneficial for plant growth. We have isolated and screened in vitro a total of 20 halophilic spore-forming bacteria for phyto-beneficial traits and compared the results with two rhizosphere Bacilli recently isolated from the rhizosphere of the same collection site and recently characterized as potential biocontrol agents. Whole-genome analysis on five selected halophilic strains confirmed the presence of numerous gene clusters with PGP and biocontrol functions and of novel secondary-metabolite biosynthetic genes potentially involved in plant growth promotion and protection. The predicted biocontrol potential was confirmed in dual culture assays against several phytopathogenic fungi and bacteria. Interestingly, the absence of predicted gene clusters with known biocontrol functions in some of the isolates was not predictive of the in vivo results, supporting the need of combining laboratory assays and genome mining in PGPB identification for future applications.

scholarly journals Comparative Genomics Reveals Potential Mechanisms of Plant Beneficial Effects of a Novel Bamboo-Endophytic Bacterial Isolate Paraburkholderia sacchari Suichang626

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Wang ◽  
Ying Wu ◽  
Mengyuan Ye ◽  
Yifan Yang ◽  
Fred O. Asiegbu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Genomics ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Moso Bamboo ◽  
Associated Bacteria ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Genome Information

Plant-beneficial microbes have drawn wide attention due to their potential application as bio-control agents and bio-fertilizers. Moso bamboo, which is among the monocots with the highest growth rate, lives perennially with abundant microbes that may benefit annually growing crops. Genome information of moso bamboo associated bacteria remains underexplored. We isolated and identified a novel Paraburkholderia strain Suichang626 from moso bamboo roots. Growth promoting effects of Suichang626 on both moso bamboo and seedlings of the model dicot Arabidopsis thaliana were documented in laboratory conditions. To gain insight into the genetic basis of this growth promotion effect, we sequenced the genome of Suichang626. Evidenced by genome-wide phylogeny data, we propose that Suichang626 is a novel strain of Paraburkholderia sacchari. Gene homologs encoding biosynthesis of the plant growth-promoting chemicals, acetoin and 2,3-butanediol, were identified in the genome of Suichang626. Comparative genomics was further performed with plant-beneficial and plant/animal pathogenic species of Paraburkholderia and Burkholderia. Genes related to volatile organic compounds, nitrogen fixation, and auxin biosynthesis were discovered specifically in the plant growth-promoting species of both genera.

scholarly journals Exogenous Applications of Moringa Leaf Extract and Cytokinins Improve Plant Growth, Yield, and Fruit Quality of Cherry Tomato

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 327-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahzad M.A. Basra ◽  
Carol J. Lovatt
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
Cherry Tomato ◽  
Shoot Number ◽  
Moringa Leaf Extract

Growth-promoting properties of moringa (Moringa oleifera) leaves were investigated for potential use in crop production by comparing the efficacy of bimonthly foliar and root applications of a moringa leaf extract [MLE (3.3% w/v)] with the cytokinins 6-benzyladenine (6-BA) and trans-zeatin (t-Z), each at 25 mg·L−1, to increase plant growth, flowering, yield, fruit size, and fruit quality of ‘Super Sweet 100’ cherry tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). Foliar-applied t-Z and root-applied MLE increased canopy biomass (P ≤ 0.01) and root- and foliar-applied MLE increased lateral vegetative shoot number (P ≤ 0.001) and plant height (P ≤ 0.001) relative to untreated control plants. Only foliar-applied MLE increased floral shoot number compared with untreated control plants (P ≤ 0.001). Plants in all treatments, except root-applied 6-BA, produced more flowers than untreated control plants (P ≤ 0.001). Plants receiving root-applied t-Z produced the greatest number of flowers followed by plants receiving root-applied MLE. Cherry tomato plants treated with root-applied t-Z or MLE produced the greatest number of fruit per plant and significantly more than untreated control plants (P ≤ 0.001). Foliar-applied 6-BA and MLE and root-applied t-Z and MLE increased yield as grams of fruit per plant compared with the untreated control (P ≤ 0.01). Foliar- and root-applied MLE increased fruit concentrations of soluble sugars (P ≤ 0.001), protein (P ≤ 0.001), antioxidants (P ≤ 0.001), and lycopene (P ≤ 0.001) compared with fruit from untreated control plants. Foliar- and/or root-applied MLE resulted in the greatest leaf concentrations of protein (P ≤ 0.01), proline (P ≤ 0.01), arginine (P ≤ 0.01), and total antioxidants (P ≤ 0.05), which were all significantly greater than the concentrations in leaves from untreated control plants. The results of this single experiment provide evidence suggesting that MLE warrants further research as an inexpensive growth promoter for enhancing tomato plant biomass, yield, and fruit quality, especially in organic crop production, which prohibits the use of many commercial synthetic plant growth regulators.

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