scholarly journals MICROBIAL BIOMASS AND ENZYMATIC ACTIVITIES IN SANDY SOIL CULTIVATED WITH LETTUCE INOCULATED WITH PLANT GROWTH PROMOTERS

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 860-870
Author(s):  
Marcele de Cássia Henriques dos Santos Moraes ◽  
Erika Valente de Medeiros ◽  
Dayane da Silva de Andrade ◽  
Leandro Dias de Lima ◽  
Ivonaldo Carlos da Silva Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Sandy Soil ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Enzymatic Activities ◽  
Cattle Manure ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
Pseudomonas Sp ◽  
Growth Promoters ◽  
Combined Application

ABSTRACT Plant growth promoter microorganisms have been studied as important tools for increasing crop production. Lettuce is the most consumed hardwood crop in the world. Numerous microorganisms are capable of acting in a beneficial way in the growth of this culture. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of Trichoderma and Pseudomonas on the microbial biomass, enzymatic activities in sandy soil and lettuce production. The experimental design was completely randomized with ten replicates and treatments: CONT (absolute control); CM (control with cattle manure fertilization); CMB (with fertilization and Pseudomonas sp.); CMF (with fertilization and T. aureoviride) and CMBF (with fertilization and the two microorganisms combined). The fertilizer used was organic with cattle manure in a dose recommended for the culture. This study evaluated the production of lettuce, microbial biomass and the enzymatic activity of acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase and urease. The combined application of CMBF was efficient in increasing lettuce production, because it increased 85% of the cv. Veronica cultivated on sandy soil. The combined use of plant growth promoting microorganisms resulted to an increase in microbial biomass. In lettuce crops, it is recommended to use T. aureoviride URM 5158 and Pseudomonas sp. UAGF 14 in lettuce crops, because improved lettuce production, improves the biochemical quality of soils measured by absolute and specific enzymatic activities per unit of microbial biomass.

scholarly journals Influences of different organic fertilizers on nutrients of humic sandy soil and on the growth of Spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.)

2016 ◽  
pp. 23-28
Author(s):  
Andrea Balláné Kovács ◽  
Rita Kremper ◽  
Ida Kincses ◽  
Ágnes Leviczky
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Sandy Soil ◽  
Food Waste ◽  
Spinacia Oleracea ◽  
Cattle Manure ◽  
Available Nitrogen ◽  
Horse Manure ◽  
Spinacia Oleracea L ◽  
Plant Available Nitrogen ◽  
Food Waste Compost

A greenhouse pot experiment was conducted to compare the effects of manure with different origin (horse, cattle), various bedding materials (straw, sawdust) and diverse doses (30 t ha-1, 60 t ha-1) and the impact of food waste compost on the plant growth and the available plant nutrient content of soil. The study was conducted on humic sandy soil and consisted of 9 treatments in a randomized complete block design with four replications. Spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) was grown as the test crop. The treatments were: 1. unfertilized control; 2. horse manure with straw (30 t ha-1); 3. horse manure with sawdust (30 t ha-1); 4. cattle manure (30 t ha-1); 5 food waste compost (30 t ha-1); 6. horse manure with straw (60 t ha-1); 7. horse manure with sawdust (60 t ha-1); 8. cattle manure (60 t ha-1); 9. food waste compost (60 t ha-1). Plant growth was monitored for 4 weeks. Shoot and root weights per pot were measured, total biomass weight per pot were counted. On the basis of the results it can be concluded, that among treatments the application of horse manure with straw enhanced spinach growth most significantly compared to other treatments and to the non-treated control, resulted the highest weights of leaves and roots of spinach. At the same time even small dose (30 t ha-1) of this fertilizer caused increased plant available nitrogen and phosphorus of soil and the higher dosage further increased these values. The horse manure with sawdust applied in lower dose did not alter the leaves and roots weights, but higher portion (60 t ha-1) caused significantly decreased plant biomass. The results proved that the bedding material may significantly alter the composition of manure and may change the plant nutrition effect of organic fertilizer. Cattle manure and food waste compost in both applied doses enhanced plant growth. Both fertilizers increased the plant available nitrogen forms and phosphorus content of soil, but cattle manure caused higher increase.

scholarly journals Efficacy of four selective Trichoderma isolates as plant growth promoters in two peanut varieties

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 152
Author(s):  
M. Kamaruzzaman ◽  
M. M. Rahman ◽  
M. S. Islam ◽  
M. U. Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
Growth Promoters ◽  
Higher Plant ◽  
Potential Growth ◽  
Trichoderma Species ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Trichoderma Isolates

Trichoderma species are generally used as potential bio control agents against wide range of plant pathogenic fungi and some strains are reported to produce metabolites that enhance plant growth. In the current study we evaluated the four Trichoderma isolates viz. T. harzianum (ST5), T. viride (ST6), T. virens (ST7) and T. atroviride (ST9) including a control were tested as seed treatment against to find out a potential growth-promoter of Peanut. T. harzianum (ST5) gave maximum length and weight of shoot, weight of roots with pods, weight of pods and number of nodules per plant. T. viride (ST6) showed higher plant growth, nodulation and yield compared to T. virens (ST7) and T. atroviride (ST9). Minimum growth, yield and nodulation were observed with control treatment.

scholarly journals Exogenous Applications of Moringa Leaf Extract and Cytokinins Improve Plant Growth, Yield, and Fruit Quality of Cherry Tomato

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 327-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahzad M.A. Basra ◽  
Carol J. Lovatt
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
Cherry Tomato ◽  
Shoot Number ◽  
Moringa Leaf Extract

Growth-promoting properties of moringa (Moringa oleifera) leaves were investigated for potential use in crop production by comparing the efficacy of bimonthly foliar and root applications of a moringa leaf extract [MLE (3.3% w/v)] with the cytokinins 6-benzyladenine (6-BA) and trans-zeatin (t-Z), each at 25 mg·L−1, to increase plant growth, flowering, yield, fruit size, and fruit quality of ‘Super Sweet 100’ cherry tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). Foliar-applied t-Z and root-applied MLE increased canopy biomass (P ≤ 0.01) and root- and foliar-applied MLE increased lateral vegetative shoot number (P ≤ 0.001) and plant height (P ≤ 0.001) relative to untreated control plants. Only foliar-applied MLE increased floral shoot number compared with untreated control plants (P ≤ 0.001). Plants in all treatments, except root-applied 6-BA, produced more flowers than untreated control plants (P ≤ 0.001). Plants receiving root-applied t-Z produced the greatest number of flowers followed by plants receiving root-applied MLE. Cherry tomato plants treated with root-applied t-Z or MLE produced the greatest number of fruit per plant and significantly more than untreated control plants (P ≤ 0.001). Foliar-applied 6-BA and MLE and root-applied t-Z and MLE increased yield as grams of fruit per plant compared with the untreated control (P ≤ 0.01). Foliar- and root-applied MLE increased fruit concentrations of soluble sugars (P ≤ 0.001), protein (P ≤ 0.001), antioxidants (P ≤ 0.001), and lycopene (P ≤ 0.001) compared with fruit from untreated control plants. Foliar- and/or root-applied MLE resulted in the greatest leaf concentrations of protein (P ≤ 0.01), proline (P ≤ 0.01), arginine (P ≤ 0.01), and total antioxidants (P ≤ 0.05), which were all significantly greater than the concentrations in leaves from untreated control plants. The results of this single experiment provide evidence suggesting that MLE warrants further research as an inexpensive growth promoter for enhancing tomato plant biomass, yield, and fruit quality, especially in organic crop production, which prohibits the use of many commercial synthetic plant growth regulators.

scholarly journals Combination on endophytic fungal as the Plant Growth-Promoting Fungi (PGPF) on cucumber (Cucumis sativus)

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Syamsia Syamsia ◽  
ABUBAKAR IDHAN ◽  
AMANDA PATAPPARI FIRMANSYAH ◽  
NOERFITRYANI NOERFITRYANI ◽  
IRADHATULLAH RAHIM ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Cucumis Sativus ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
Growth Promoters ◽  
Cucumis Sativus L ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Phosphate Solubilizing

Abstract. Syamsia S, Idhan A, Firmansyah AP, Noerfitryani N, Rahim I, Kesaulya H, Armus R. 2021. Combination on endophytic fungal as the Plant Growth-Promoting Fungi (PGPF) on Cucumber (Cucumis sativus). Biodiversitas 22: 1194-1202. Endophytic fungi are known to stimulate plant growth by producing secondary metabolites, including phytohormones (IAA and Gibberellins), siderophore, phosphate-solubilizing metabolites. In this study, a total of six endophytic fungi were successfully isolated from local rice plants and showed different abilities in producing secondary metabolites, during single isolates testing. These six isolates were then combined to obtain 15 combinations for analysis, to determine the best combination for application as a plant growth promoter. Subsequently, each combination was tested for phytohormones (IAA, gibberellins) and siderophore (quantitatively)-producing activity, phosphate-solubilizing ability, and the effect on cucumber (Cucumis sativus L) plant growth. F13 showed activity in producing IAA and produced the highest gibberellin levels, while F1 exhibited the highest phosphate-solubilizing activity. In addition, F11 (Na-salicylate) and F1 (catechol) showed the highest siderophore activity, while a combination of F6, F8, F9, and F12 successfully increased plant height growth. Also, F4 increased the root growth, while the fresh weight of cucumber was increased by F8 treatment, under controlled conditions. Molecular analysis showed the tested isolates have close similarity to Daldinia eschscholtzii, Sarocladium oryzae, Rhizoctonia oryzae, Penicillium allahabadense, and Aspergillus foetidus. The combination of endophyte fungal isolates showed potential as plant growth promoters, however, further testing on several plant types is required before the combination is to be widely applied.

scholarly journals Exogenously applied nitrogenous fertilizers and effective microorganisms improve plant growth of stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni) and soil fertility

AMB Express ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Ahmed Youssef ◽  
Ahmed Fathy Yousef ◽  
Muhammad Moaaz Ali ◽  
Alshaymaa I. Ahmed ◽  
Sobhi F. Lamlom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Stevia Rebaudiana ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Effective Microorganisms ◽  
Combined Application ◽  
Stevia Rebaudiana Bertoni ◽  
Chlorophyll Protein ◽  
Main Plot

AbstractThe effects of different fertilizers and biofertilizers on crop production to increase plant growth, improve quality and yield components (dry leaves yield, leaf protein, and stevioside) of crops has been extensively studied. However, the combination of both types of fertilizers have rarely been investigated. To explore the effect of different fertilizers and biofertilizers on stevia plant, a two-year field experiment was conducted to investigate the growth response of stevia plants under the influence of nitrogenous fertilizers (NFs) and effective microorganisms (EM). The experiment was laid out in a split-plot design, with EM as the main plot factor (−EM and +EM) and NFs as the subplot factor [control, chemical NFs (Ch-N) and organic NFs (Org-N)]. The results showed that, plants treated with EM and Org-N showed 2-, 2.2-, 2.4-, 2.5-, 3.3- and 3-fold increases in plant height, number of branches, total leaf area, plant fresh weight, plant dry weight and leaf dry yield, respectively, compared to untreated plants. Similarly, plants receiving EM along with Ch-N showed 1.86-, 1.7-, 2.2-, 2.12-, 3-, and 2.72-fold increases in the same traits. Total chlorophyll, protein, N, P, K and sativoside contents were increased by 88.8, 152, 138, 151.5, 43 and 137.5% when EM and Org-N were applied to stevia plants. Application of EM together with Ch-N increased these properties by 0.5, 127.7, 115, 216, 42.6 and 83.8%, respectively in the same traits. Overall, the combined application of NFs and EM improved growth, yield and nutrient accumulation in stevia plants.

scholarly journals The potential of endophytic bacteria from the root of Eucalyptus pellita as a biocontrol agent against Ralstonia solanacearum

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuliana Susanti ◽  
GIYANTO GIYANTO ◽  
MEITY SURADJI SINAGA ◽  
KIKIN HAMZAH MUTAQIN ◽  
BUDI TJAHJONO2
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Ralstonia Solanacearum ◽  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Biocontrol Agent ◽  
Paenibacillus Polymyxa ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
Growth Promoters ◽  
Eucalyptus Pellita ◽  
Protease Enzyme

Abstract. Susanti Y, Giyanto, Sinaga MS, Mutaqin KH, Tjahjono B. 2021. The potential of endophytic bacteria from the root of Eucalyptus pellita as a biocontrol agent against Ralstonia solanacearum. Biodiversitas 22: 3454-3462. Bacterial wilt disease (BWD) caused by Ralstonia solanacearum is one of the most damaging eucalyptus (Eucalyptus pellita F. Muell.) diseases. However, endophytic bacteria can be utilized to control it. This study aims to obtain and screen endophytic bacteria isolated from the root of eucalyptus as a biocontrol agent against BWD. A pathogenic R. solanacearum was isolated for artificial inoculation; subsequently, isolation, characterization and screening of the potential endophytic bacteria were conducted. Isolates of R. solanacearum demonstrated the pathogenicity for BWD in eucalyptus, with the highest virulence found in Rs 18. In total, 24 isolates of endophytic bacteria were obtained and screened for their biocontrol potential. The endophytic bacteria conveyed the capacity of antibiosis, indole acetic acid (IAA) hormone, nitrogen fixation, phosphate dissolution, protease enzyme and AHL-lactonase, which are the main indicators of bioagent characteristics in endophytic bacteria, as well as being plant growth stimulators. Four isolates were selected with the highest according to the analytic hierarchy process (AHP), identified on the 16S rRNA gene. Most isolates belonged to gram-negative bacteria. The four isolates, namely B33/77 (Serratia nematodiphila), B32/77 (Paenibacillus polymyxa), B13/497 (Brevundimonas olei) and B17/111 (Bacillus megaterium), indicated their potential for biocontrol as plant growth promoters. This study is the first report on the isolation of endophytic bacterial from eucalyptus roots with regard to its benefit as a plant growth promoter. It provides basic information about the characteristics of the endophytic bacteria, which showed potential as a biocontrol agent of R. solanacearum on eucalyptus.

scholarly journals Conjugation of Biofertilizers with Different Sources of Chemical Fertilizers in Wheat: A Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pankaj Kumar ◽  
Sukhdeep Kaur Brar
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
Plant Tolerance ◽  
Chemical Fertilizers ◽  
Different Sources

Plants nutrients are necessary in increasing production and productivity of crops and healthy food for the world’s ever increasing population. Today, soil management strategies are mainly dependent on inorganic chemical-based fertilizers, which cause a serious threat to human health and the environment. Bio-fertilizer has been identified as an alternative for increasing soil fertility and crop production in sustainable farming. The exploitation of beneficial microbes as bio-fertilizers has become of paramount importance in agricultural sector due to their potential role in food safety and sustainable crop production. Bio-fertilizer can be an important component of integrated nutrients management. Microorganisms that are commonly used as bio-fertilizer components include; nitrogen fixers (N-fixer), potassium and phosphorus solubilizers, growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPRs), endo and ecto mycorrhizal fungi, cyanobacteria and other useful microscopic organisms. The use of bio-fertilizers leads to improved nutrients and water uptake, plant growth and plant tolerance to abiotic and biotic factors. In wheat, non-symbiotic spp. like Azotobacter and streptomyces may be used as a potential source of plant growth promoter and also can reduce chemical fertilizer up to 25% with compromising yield. Thus, these potential biological fertilizers would play a key role in productivity and sustainability of soil and also in protecting the environment as eco-friendly and cost effective inputs for the farmers. This review will overview the importance of biofertilizers with different sources of chemical fertilizers in wheat.

scholarly journals AKTIVITAS METABOLIT SEKUNDER PEMACU PERTUMBUHAN DARI BAKTERI ENDOFIT ASAL KUNYIT PUTIH (Curcuma zedoaria ROSC)

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 97
Author(s):  
Tiwit Widowati ◽  
Rumella Simarmata ◽  
NFN Nuriyanah ◽  
Liseu Nurjanah ◽  
Sylvia J.R. Lekatompessy
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
16S Rdna ◽  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
Curcuma Zedoaria ◽  
Growth Promoters ◽  
Single Action ◽  
Plant Growth Promoter ◽  
Plant Growth Promoters ◽  
Medicinal Crop

<em><span>Endophytic bacteria colonize the plant tissue and contribute to the host plant's growth, development, and adaptation. This study aimed to examine the endophytic bacteria diversity associated with white turmeric (</span></em><span>Curcuma zedoaria</span><em><span>) and determine its activity as a plant growth promoter. White turmeric plants were obtained from the Indonesian Spices and Medicinal Crop Research Institute (Balittro). The isolation of endophytic bacteria from leaves, a primary and secondary rhizome of white turmeric using Nutrient Agar (NA) medium. Identification of the isolates was conducted based on 16S rDNA. The isolates were tested for their ability as a plant growth promoter and enzyme producer. Based on the morphological characteristic, 21 isolates were obtained from the primary rhizome (47.62%), secondary rhizome (19.05%), and leaves (33.33%), respectively. The sequencing result of 16S rDNA showed that the endophytic bacteria community consisted of four phyla, </span></em><span>β-proteobacteria</span><span>, γ-proteobacteria, Flavobacteria,<em> </em>Firmicutes,<em> which represented eight genera. Five isolates had several activities as a plant growth promoter, while six isolates had several enzymatic activities. Thirteen isolates had both activities, as a plant growth promoter and enzyme producer, while eight isolates only had single action. Endophytic bacteria potential as plant growth promoters can be used for supporting the cultivation of white turmeric plants.</em></span>

scholarly journals Field Application of ZnO and TiO2 Nanoparticles on Agricultural Plants

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2281
Author(s):  
Martin Šebesta ◽  
Marek Kolenčík ◽  
B. Ratna Sunil ◽  
Ramakanth Illa ◽  
Jaroslav Mosnáček ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Tio2 Nanoparticles ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Engineered Nanoparticles ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
Nutrient Distribution ◽  
Zno Nps ◽  
Tio2 Nps ◽  
Agricultural Plants

Engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) have potential application in precision farming and sustainable agriculture. Studies have shown that ENPs enhance the efficiency of the delivery of agrochemicals and thus, have the potential to positively affect the environment, thereby improving the growth and health of the crops. However, the majority of the research on the effects of ENPs on plants and in agricultural applications have been limited to controlled laboratory conditions. These conditions do not fully consider various aspects inherent to the growth of agricultural plants in fields under changing weather and climate. Some of the most investigated ENPs in the agricultural research area are ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) and TiO2 nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs). ZnO NPs have the potential to increase crop production and stress resistance, mainly by the slow release of Zn ions to crops. Unlike ZnO NPs, TiO2 NPs have less well-understood means of action, and are generally considered as plant growth promoter. This mini review presents information compiled for ZnO and TiO2 NPs, their influence on agricultural plants with emphasis on particularly effect on plant growth, nutrient distribution and pollution remediation under field conditions. It is concluded that in order to gain a broader perspective, more field studies are needed, particularly multigeneration studies, to fully understand the effects of the ENPs on agricultural plants’ growth and improvement of their health.

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