The Aging Kidney—As Influenced by Heavy Metal Exposure and Selenium Supplementation

The aging process in the kidneys has been well studied. It is known that the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) declines with age in subjects older than 50–60 years. However, there is still insufficient knowledge regarding the response of the aged kidney to environmental toxicants such as mercury, cadmium, and lead. Here, we present a review on the functional decline and proposed mechanisms in the aging kidney as influenced by metal pollutants. Due to the prevalence of these toxicants in the environment, human exposure is nearly unavoidable. Further, it is well known that acute and chronic exposures to toxic metals may be detrimental to kidneys of normal adults, thus it may be hypothesized that exposure of individuals with reduced GFR will result in additional reductions in renal function. Individuals with compromised renal function, either from aging or from a combination of aging and disease, may be particularly susceptible to environmental toxicants. The available data appear to show an association between exposure to mercury, cadmium and/or lead and an increase in incidence and severity of renal disease in elderly individuals. Furthermore, some physiological thiols, as well as adequate selenium status, appear to exert a protective action. Further studies providing improved insight into the mechanisms by which nephrotoxic metals are handled by aging kidneys, as well as possibilities of therapeutic protection, are of utmost importance.

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Bioaccessibility-corrected health risk of heavy metal exposure via shellfish consumption in coastal region of China

Environmental Pollution ◽

10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116529 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 273 ◽

pp. 116529

Author(s):

Minwei Chai ◽

Ruili Li ◽

Yuan Gong ◽

Xiaoxue Shen ◽

Lingyun Yu

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metal ◽

Health Risk ◽

Coastal Region ◽

Metal Exposure ◽

Heavy Metal Exposure

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Facing metal stress by multiple strategies: morphophysiological responses of cardoon (Cynara cardunculus L.) grown in hydroponics

Environmental Science and Pollution Research ◽

10.1007/s11356-021-13242-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Maria Cristina Sorrentino ◽

Fiore Capozzi ◽

Chiara Amitrano ◽

Gaetano De Tommaso ◽

Carmen Arena ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metal Contamination ◽

Photosynthetic Pigment ◽

Metal Stress ◽

Cynara Cardunculus ◽

Antioxidant Power ◽

Metal Pollutants ◽

Multiple Strategies ◽

Photosynthetic Pigment Content ◽

Cadmium And Lead ◽

Selection Of

AbstractThe contamination of environments by heavy metals has become an urgent issue causing undesirable accumulations and severe damages to agricultural crops, especially cadmium and lead which are among the most widespread and dangerous metal pollutants worldwide. The selection of proper species is a crucial step in many plant-based restoration approaches; therefore, the aim of the present work was to check for early morphophysiological responsive traits in three cultivars of Cynara cardunculus (Sardo, Siciliano, and Spagnolo), helping to select the best performing cultivar for phytoremediation. For all three tested cultivars, our results indicate that cardoon displays some morphophysiological traits to face Cd and Pb pollution, particularly at the root morphology level, element uptake ability, and photosynthetic pigment content. Other traits show instead a cultivar-specific behavior; in fact, stomata plasticity, photosynthetic pattern, and antioxidant power provide different responses, but only Spagnolo cv. achieves a successful strategy attaining a real resilience to metal stress. The capacity of Spagnolo plants to modify leaf structural and physiological traits under heavy metal contamination to maintain high photosynthetic efficiency should be considered an elective trait for its use in contaminated environments.

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Relationship between heavy metal exposure and type 2 diabetes: a large-scale retrospective cohort study using occupational health examinations

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2020-039541 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. e039541

Author(s):

Jun Ho Ji ◽

Mi Hyeon Jin ◽

Jung-Hun Kang ◽

Soon Il Lee ◽

Suee Lee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Heavy Metal ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Retrospective Cohort ◽

Metal Exposure ◽

Heavy Metal Exposure ◽

Lead And Cadmium

ObjectivesTo investigate the associations between heavy metal exposure and serum ferritin levels, physical measurements and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM).DesignA retrospective cohort study.SettingChangwon, the location of this study, is a Korean representative industrial city. Data were obtained from medical check-ups between 2002 and 2018.ParticipantsA total of 34 814 male subjects were included. Of them, 1035 subjects with lead exposure, 200 subjects with cadmium exposure and the 33 579 remaining were assigned to cohort A, cohort B and the control cohort, respectively. Data including personal history of alcohol and smoking, age, height, weight, the follow-up duration, haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), fasting blood sugar (FBS), ferritin levels, and lead and cadmium levels within 1 year after exposure were collected.Primary outcome measureIn subjects without diabetes, changes in FBS and HbA1c were analysed through repeated tests at intervals of 1 year or longer after the occupational exposure to heavy metals.ResultsIn Cohort A, DM was diagnosed in 33 subjects. There was a significant difference in lead concentrations between the subjects diagnosed with DM and those without DM during the follow-up period (3.94±2.92 mg/dL vs 2.81±2.03 mg/dL, p=0.002). Simple exposure to heavy metals (lead and cadmium) was not associated with DM in Cox regression models (lead exposure (HR) 1.01, 95% CI: 0.58 to 1.77, p 0.971; cadmium exposure HR 1.48, 95% CI: 0.61 to 3.55, p=0.385). Annual changes in FBS according to lead concentration at the beginning of exposure showed a positive correlation (r=0.072, p=0.032).ConclusionOur findings demonstrated that simple occupational exposure to heavy metals lead and cadmium was not associated with the incidence of DM. However, lead concentrations at the beginning of the exposure might be an indicator of DM and glucose elevations.

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Environmental Heavy Metal Exposure and Chronic Kidney Disease in the General Population

Journal of Korean Medical Science ◽

10.3346/jkms.2015.30.3.272 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 30 (3) ◽

pp. 272 ◽

Cited By ~ 66

Author(s):

Nam Hee Kim ◽

Young Youl Hyun ◽

Kyu-Beck Lee ◽

Yoosoo Chang ◽

Seungho Rhu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chronic Kidney Disease ◽

Heavy Metal ◽

Kidney Disease ◽

General Population ◽

Metal Exposure ◽

Heavy Metal Exposure

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Evaluation of heavy metal exposure pathways on children from an informal e-waste processing village in Viet Nam

Human and Ecological Risk Assessment An International Journal ◽

10.1080/10807039.2021.2000362 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-17

Author(s):

Hien Thi Thu Ngo ◽

Pensri Watchalayann ◽

Diep Bich Nguyen ◽

Hai Ngoc Doan ◽

Li Liang

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metal ◽

Metal Exposure ◽

Viet Nam ◽

Waste Processing ◽

Heavy Metal Exposure ◽

Exposure Pathways

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Reproductive parameters as assessment tools for arsenic and chromium induced toxicity in Eudrilus eugeniae

Indian Journal of Agricultural Research ◽

10.18805/ijare.a-5009 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Shefali . ◽

Jyoti Yadav ◽

R.K. Gupta

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Adult Population ◽

Assessment Tools ◽

Time Dependent ◽

Metal Exposure ◽

Reproductive Parameters ◽

Eudrilus Eugeniae ◽

Heavy Metal Exposure ◽

Cocoon Production ◽

Emergence And Reduction

The present study of 28 days was carried out to assess the effect of arsenic and chromium on biomass gain and reproduction parameters (cocoon and hatchling production) of E. eugeniae. The worms were cultured in substrate having different concentrations of arsenic and chromium alongwith control in triplicates. Dose and time dependent decreased in number of adults, cocoon production and hatchling emergence and reduction in growth was observed. In worms exposed to Cr (0.1 ppm), reduction in population (24.66%), body weight (2.44%), cocoon production (47.14%) and hatchling emergence (39.99%) was observed. While As (0.1 ppm) exposure resulted in reduction of adult population (10.66%), body weight (0.24%), cocoon production (37.05%) and hatchling emergence (28.53%) was observed. Cocoon production was observed to be the most sensitive parameter for heavy metal exposure in all treatments. Chromium was observed to be more detrimental to earthworms when compared with arsenic.

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Prospective associations between environmental heavy metal exposure and renal outcomes in adults with chronic kidney disease

Nephrology ◽

10.1111/nep.13089 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 23 (9) ◽

pp. 830-836 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Chun-Chieh Tsai ◽

Chia-Lin Wu ◽

Chew-Teng Kor ◽

Ie-Bin Lian ◽

Chin-Hua Chang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chronic Kidney Disease ◽

Heavy Metal ◽

Kidney Disease ◽

Metal Exposure ◽

Heavy Metal Exposure ◽

Renal Outcomes

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Effect of Probiotic and Amla Powder Supplementation on Metabolic Profile and Milk Production of Summer Stressed Buffaloes Residing in Heavy Metal Polluted Areas of Ludhiana

Indian Journal of Animal Research ◽

10.18805/ijar.b-4270 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Pranesh V. Yeotikar ◽

Shashi Nayyar ◽

Chanchal Singh ◽

C.S. Mukhopadhyay ◽

Sandeep Sodhi Kakkar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Heavy Metal ◽

Milk Production ◽

Metabolic Profile ◽

Antioxidant Status ◽

Live Cells ◽

Metal Exposure ◽

Heavy Metal Exposure ◽

Exposed Area ◽

Oral Supplementation

Background: Oxidative stress is a unified concept for the assessment of metabolic status of buffaloes affected by a cocktail of heavy metal exposure from environment and it may significantly affect the metabolic profile and milk production during summer season. The present study aimed at evaluation of effect of probiotic (Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain 1026) and amla powder (Embilica officinalis) supplementation on levels of heavy metals, antioxidant status, oxidative stress in lymphocytes, metabolic profile and milk production of summer stressed buffaloes exposed to environmental heavy metal pollution. Methods: Twenty summer stressed lactating Murrah buffaloes of the same age group, close parity and in early lactation from the heavy metal exposed area were divided into two groups: Control (without supplementation) and Treatment group (supplemented with Saccharomyces cerevisiae1026) @ 50 billion live cells / animal /day and Amla powder @ 86 mg/kg body weight for 30 days. Blood and milk samples were collected from both the groups on the day of starting of supplementation (i.e. day 0) and on there after days 15 and 30 and analyzed for antioxidant status, metabolic profile, milk yield and quality.Result: Oral supplementation of probiotic and amla powder for 30 days improved the antioxidant status, metabolic profile and milk production of summer stressed buffaloes residing in heavy metal exposed area. The percentage monetary gains from buffaloes fed probiotic and amla powder was 13.68% more as compared to control.

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