scholarly journals Brochosome-Inspired Metal-Containing Particles as Biomimetic Building Blocks for Nanoplasmonics: Conceptual Generalizations

Biomimetics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 69
Author(s):  
Zoran Jakšić ◽  
Marko Obradov ◽  
Olga Jakšić
Keyword(s):  
Building Blocks ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Enhanced Absorption ◽  
Spherical Core ◽  
Shell Particles ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Novel Structures ◽  
Antireflective Properties

Recently, biological nanostructures became an important source of inspiration for plasmonics, with many described implementations and proposed applications. Among them are brochosome-inspired plasmonic microstructures—roughly spherical core-shell particles with submicrometer diameters and with indented surfaces. Our intention was to start from the nanoplasmonic point of view and to systematically classify possible alternative forms of brochosome-inspired metal-containing particles producible by the state-of-the-art nanofabrication. A wealth of novel structures arises from this systematization of bioinspired metal-containing nanocomposites. Besides various surface nanoapertures, we consider structures closely related to them in electromagnetic sense like surface nano-protrusions, shell reliefs obtained by nano-sculpting, and various combinations of these. This approach helped us build a new design toolbox for brochosome-inspired structures. Additionally, we used the finite elements method to simulate the optical properties of simple brochosome-inspired structures. We encountered a plethora of advantageous optical traits, including enhanced absorption, antireflective properties, and metamaterial behavior (effective refractive index close to zero or negative). We conclude that the presented approach offers a wealth of traits useful for practical applications. The described research represents our attempt to outline a possible roadmap for further development of bioinspired nanoplasmonic particles and to offer a source of ideas and directions for future research.

Recent Patents on the Structure of Medical Endoscope

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Dong Bao ◽  
Kai Li ◽  
Dong-Bo Qi ◽  
Wei Wen ◽  
He-Jun Liu
Keyword(s):  
Medical Equipment ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Development Trend ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Medical Endoscope ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Mechanical Structure ◽  
The Core ◽  
Core Components ◽  
Further Development

Background: Among the core components of Medical Equipment, the Medical Endoscope is the core functional component of medical equipment, which has become the key research around the world. Objective: By comparing and discussing the patents of the medical endoscope, some valuable conclusions have been drawn to predict the future research and development of the Medical Endoscope. Methods: By analyzing the patent features of the medical endoscope in the mechanical structure, image display, and endoscope system, the function of the medical endoscope on the detection of human internal tissues has been explained. In combination with the key technology of the Medical Endoscope, patents related to the medical endoscope have been studied. Results: With the rapid development of technology in the medical industry and the need for practical applications, there is an increase in the requirements for medical endoscopes. Medical endoscopes have carried out a lot of innovations in mechanical structure, image imaging, and endoscope systems. By comparing the characteristics of various patents of medical endoscopes, the main problems of current medical endoscopes, such as complicated structure and poor lighting imaging effect, are analyzed and summarized. The further development trend of medical endoscopes has also been discussed. Conclusion: By improving and optimizing the mechanical structure of the medical endoscope, the lighting method and the three directions of the system, the performance of the medical endoscope can be improved, the loopholes in the current technology can be solved, and it will be more practical.

scholarly journals Carbon nanotubes for flexible batteries: recent progress and future perspective

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheng Zhu ◽  
Jiang Sheng ◽  
Yuan Chen ◽  
Jiangfeng Ni ◽  
Yan Li
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Recent Progress ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Future Perspective ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Wearable Electronics ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Mechanical And Electrical Properties ◽  
Mechanical Deformations ◽  
Potential Applications

Abstract Flexible batteries, which maintain their functions potently under various mechanical deformations, attract increasing interests due to the potential applications in emerging portable and wearable electronics. Significant efforts have been devoted to material synthesis and structural designs to realize the mechanical flexibility of various batteries. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have a unique one-dimensional (1D) nanostructure and are convenient to further assemble into diverse macroscopic structures, such as 1D fibers, 2D films, and 3D sponges/aerogels. Due to their outstanding mechanical and electrical properties, CNTs and CNT-based hybrid materials are superior building blocks for different components in flexible batteries. This review summarizes recent progress on the application of CNTs in developing flexible batteries, from closed-system to open-system batteries, with a focus on different structural designs of CNT-based material systems and their roles in various batteries. We also provide perspectives on the challenges and future research directions for realizing practical applications of CNT-based flexible batteries.

Management of Group Knowledge and the Role of E-WOM for Business Organizations

2014 ◽  
pp. 71-89
Author(s):  
Massimo Franco ◽  
Francesca Di Virgilio ◽  
Loredana Di Pietro
Keyword(s):  
Building Blocks ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Frame Structure ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Business Organizations ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
Group Knowledge ◽  
On Line

In recent years there is an increasing usage of on line technologies from a group and managerial point of view. As a consequence, the availability of user-generated contents is growing rapidly, due to the new and easy tools provided by these technologies, which enable group participation, group knowledge sharing, and connectivity among group members. This chapter introduces a conceptual model of group knowledge in business organizations. The most important result is the analytical framework to explore group knowledge investigating the influence of group variables and the role of E-WOM – Electronic Word Of Mouth. In the first section, the authors discuss the frame structure approach to the topic of group knowledge and describe the content and organization of knowledge extrapolated from published literature. Following that, they represent a theoretical model for explaining the group’s dynamics to question the possible role of E-WOM. At the end, directions for future studies are suggested. The chapter presents three main objectives: (1) the contribution to the body of literature of organizational and group knowledge relevant for researchers; (2) the development of a conceptual approach of group knowledge; (3) the investigation of scientific inquiries regarding the role of E-WOM in relation to the conceptual approach. The approach introduces a new framework applicable both as a tool for enhancing the understanding of group knowledge and as a useful guide to future research on knowledge as a whole. The content discussed herein attempts to establish the building blocks toward the development of a theory of group knowledge.

scholarly journals Development and Applications of MOFs Derivative One-Dimensional Nanofibers via Electrospinning：A Mini-Review

Nanomaterials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liu ◽  
Cai ◽  
Chan ◽  
Yu
Keyword(s):  
Molecular System ◽  
Electrospun Nanofibers ◽  
Energy Storage And Conversion ◽  
Science And Engineering ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Metal Organic ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Novel Structures ◽  
Tremendous Challenge

Metal organic frameworks (MOFs) have been exploited for various applications in science and engineering due to the possibility of forming different mesoscopic frameworks and pore structures. To date, further development of MOFs for practical applications in areas such as energy storage and conversion have encountered tremendous challenge owing to the unitary porous structure (almost filled entirely with micropores) and conventional morphology (e.g., sphere, polyhedron, and rod shape). More recently, one-dimensional (1D) MOFs/nanofibers composites emerged as a new molecular system with highly engineered novel structures for tailored applications. In this mini-review, the recent progress in the development of MOFs-based 1D nanofibers via electrospinning will be elaborated. In particular, the promising applications and underlying molecular mechanism of electrospun MOF-derived carbon nanofibers are primarily focused and analyzed here. This review is instrumental in providing certain guiding principles for the preparation and structural analysis of MOFs/electrospun nanofibers (M-NFs) composites and electrospun MOF-derived nanomaterials.

An Introduction to the Crystallogenesis of Biological Macromolecules

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Giegé ◽  
A. Ducruix
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Biological Macromolecules ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Space Groups ◽  
Non Linear Optics ◽  
Unit Cells ◽  
Long Time

The word ‘crystal’ is derived from the Greek root ‘krustallos’ meaning ‘clear ice’. Like ice, crystals are chemically well defined, and many among of them are of transparent and glittering appearance, like quartz, which was for a long time the archetype. Often they are beautiful geometrical solids with regular faces and sharp edges, which probably explains why crystallinity, even in the figurative meaning, is taken as a symbol of perfection and purity. From the physical point of view, crystals are regular three-dimensional arrays of atoms, ions, molecules, or molecular assemblies. Ideal crystals can be imagined as infinite and perfect arrays in which the building blocks (the asymmetric units) are arranged according to well-defined symmetries (forming the 230 space groups) into unit cells that are repeated in the three-dimensions by translations. Experimental crystals, however, have finite dimensions. An implicit consequence is that a macroscopic fragment from a crystal is still a crystal, because the orderly arrangement of molecules within such a fragment still extends at long distances. The practical consequence is that crystal fragments can be used as seeds (Chapter 7). In laboratory-grown crystals the periodicity is never perfect, due to different kinds of local disorders or long-range imperfections like dislocations. Also, these crystals are often of polycrystalline nature. The external forms of crystals are always manifestations of their internal structures and symmetries, even if in some cases these symmetries may be hidden at the macroscopic level, due to differential growth kinetics of the crystal faces. Periodicity in crystal architecture is also reflected in their macroscopic physical properties. The most straightforward example is given by the ability of crystals to diffract X-rays, neutrons, or electrons, the phenomenon underlying structural chemistry and biology (for introductory texts see refs 1 and 2), and the major aim of this book is to present the methods employed to produce three-dimensional crystals of biological macromolecules, but also two-dimensional crystals (Chapter 12), needed for diffraction studies. Other properties of invaluable practical applications should not be overlooked either, as is the case of optical and electronic properties which are at the basis of non-linear optics and modern electronics (for an introduction to physical properties of molecular crystals see ref. 3).

Preservation of Documental Heritage of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) Peoples

2009 ◽  
pp. 34-39
Author(s):  
Galina F. Leveryeva ◽  
Afanasii R. Batorov
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Information Portal ◽  
Rare Books ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Further Development

Questions of creation and development of information portal “Memory of Yakutia” from the point of view of accumulation and preservation of documental heritage of Yakutia nations are considered. Problems of digitization of manuscripts, rare books, audiovisual documents are highlighted and trends of further development are traced.

Determinants of Co-creative Behaviour of Patients: A Case Study in Jammu

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jyoti Sharma ◽  
Lata Raj ◽  
Anil Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Customer Value ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Customer Participation ◽  
Citizenship Behavior ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Creative Behavior ◽  
Customer Profiling ◽  
Customer Citizenship Behavior ◽  
Lifestyle Diseases

The purpose of this study is to measure the existence of co-creation behavior between doctors and patients. The research also studies customer participation and customer citizenship behavior as the dimensions of co-creative behavior and tries to establish the relationship between co-creative behavior and satisfaction. This study uses Yi and Gong (2013) scale for collecting data regarding co-creation behavior and its dimensions which are customer participation (CP) and customer citizenship behavior (CCB). The data was collected from 204 patients who were suffering from various chronic/lifestyle diseases and getting their treatment from private clinics in Jammu city. The study uses 7-point Likert scale in the questionnaire ranging from 1 completely disagree through 7 completely agree, with a midpoint labeled 4 neither agree nor disagree. The analysis of paper reflects that co-creation behavior is prevalent among the patients and not only participation but the citizenship behavior also affects the co-creation behavior of patients. The study is conducted from patients point of view whereas doctors perspective should also be used in future research. The research area is restricted to Jammu city only. The research provides several implications-doctors can also use this scale for market segmentation and customer profiling for maximizing customer value co-creation behavior by gaining the useful information.

scholarly journals The Potential of the Synthetic Strigolactone Analogue GR24 for the Maintenance of Photosynthesis and Yield in Winter Wheat under Drought: Investigations on the Mechanisms of Action and Delivery Modes

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1223
Author(s):  
Mojde Sedaghat ◽  
Yahya Emam ◽  
Ali Mokhtassi-Bidgoli ◽  
Saeid Hazrati ◽  
Claudio Lovisolo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Synthetic Analog ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
New Family ◽  
Harsh Environmental Condition

Strigolactones (SLs) have been implicated in many plant biological and physiological processes, including the responses to abiotic stresses such as drought, in concert with other phytohormones. While it is now clear that exogenous SLs may help plants to survive in harsh environmental condition, the best, most effective protocols for treatment have not been defined yet, and the mechanisms of action are far from being fully understood. In the set of experiments reported here, we contrasted two application methods for treatment with a synthetic analog of SL, GR24. A number of morphometric, physiological and biochemical parameters were measured following foliar application of GR24 or application in the residual irrigation water in winter wheat plants under irrigated and drought stress conditions. Depending on the concentration and the method of GR24 application, differentiated photosynthesis and transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, leaf water potential, antioxidant enzyme activities and yield in drought conditions were observed. We present evidence that different methods of GR24 application led to increased photosynthesis and yield under stress by a combination of drought tolerance and escape factors, which should be considered for future research exploring the potential of this new family of bioactive molecules for practical applications.

A Taxonomy for Psycho-Oncological Intervention Techniques in an Acute Care Hospital in Germany

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Martina Madl ◽  
Marietta Lieb ◽  
Katharina Schieber ◽  
Tobias Hepp ◽  
Yesim Erim
Keyword(s):  
Acute Care ◽  
Interrater Reliability ◽  
Acute Care Hospital ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Systematic Research ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Certification System ◽  
Stepwise Procedure ◽  
Further Development

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Due to the establishment of a nationwide certification system for cancer centers in Germany, the availability of psycho-oncological services for cancer patients has increased substantially. However, little is known about the specific intervention techniques that are applied during sessions in an acute care hospital, since a standardized taxonomy is lacking. With this study, we aimed at the investigation of psycho-oncological intervention techniques and the development of a comprehensive and structured taxonomy thereof. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> In a stepwise procedure, a team of psycho-oncologists generated a data pool of interventions and definitions that were tested in clinical practice during a pilot phase. After an adaptation of intervention techniques, interrater reliability (IRR) was attained by rating 10 previously recorded psycho-oncological sessions. A classification of interventions into superordinate categories was performed, supported by cluster analysis. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Between April and June 2017, 980 psycho-oncological sessions took place. The experts agreed on a total number of 22 intervention techniques. An IRR of 89% for 2 independent psycho-oncological raters was reached. The 22 techniques were classified into 5 superordinate categories. <b><i>Discussion/Conclusion:</i></b> We developed a comprehensive and structured taxonomy of psycho-oncological intervention techniques in an acute care hospital that provides a standardized basis for systematic research and applied care. We expect our work to be continuously subjected to further development: future research should evaluate and expand our taxonomy to other contexts and care settings.

scholarly journals A Survey on Deep Learning Based Methods and Datasets for Monocular 3D Object Detection

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 517
Author(s):  
Seong-heum Kim ◽  
Youngbae Hwang
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Object Detection ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Future Research ◽  
3D Object ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Depth Sensors ◽  
Significant Research ◽  
3D Object Detection

Owing to recent advancements in deep learning methods and relevant databases, it is becoming increasingly easier to recognize 3D objects using only RGB images from single viewpoints. This study investigates the major breakthroughs and current progress in deep learning-based monocular 3D object detection. For relatively low-cost data acquisition systems without depth sensors or cameras at multiple viewpoints, we first consider existing databases with 2D RGB photos and their relevant attributes. Based on this simple sensor modality for practical applications, deep learning-based monocular 3D object detection methods that overcome significant research challenges are categorized and summarized. We present the key concepts and detailed descriptions of representative single-stage and multiple-stage detection solutions. In addition, we discuss the effectiveness of the detection models on their baseline benchmarks. Finally, we explore several directions for future research on monocular 3D object detection.

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